Effect of Eco-enzyme on Water Quality Parameters in Some Rivers Disembogued at Ambon Bay
Article Sidebar
Accepted
8 July 2024
Published
10 October 2024
Keywords:
-
Eco-enzyme, organic waste, water quality, river, Ambon Bay
Abstract
Due to the increasing population in Ambon City, the high volume of organic waste in rivers that empties into Ambon Bay can impact the marine ecosystem. On the other hand, processing organic waste in the form of eco-enzymes has been widely applied and has benefits, for instance, as a cleaning liquid. This study aimed to analyze the effect of eco-enzyme concentrations on water quality parameters, such as pH, ammonia, detergent, coliform, nitrate, phosphate, BOD, COD, and DO in several rivers flowing into Ambon Bay. The research was conducted from May to November 2022. Water samples were collected from four rivers that flow into Ambon Bay. Production of ecoenzyme was carried out at the Marine Science Laboratory at Pattimura University for three months. Eco-enzyme derived from banana peels obtained from tourist areas on Ambon Island. The research applied the method of observation and experiment. The data of each parameter obtained from the treatments (sample before and after treatment using 10% and 20% of eco-enzyme) were then compared with Second-Class of River Water Quality Standards. The results showed that eco-enzyme could neutralize the pH value. The DO, ammonia, detergent and coliform concentration decreased after adding 10% and 20% of the eco-enzyme. By contrast, adding eco-enzyme to the river water
can increase the concentration of nitrate, phosphate, BOD, and COD.
References
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Koda E., Miszkowska A., Sieczka A. 2017. Levels of organic pollution indicators in groundwater at the old landfill and waste management site. Applied Sciences (Switzerland), 7(6), 638. https://doi.org/10.3390/app7060638
Kurniati K., Mulawarman A., Putri DA 2022. Variations of Time for Composting Market Organic Waste Using Aerobic Microorganisms. Agro Bali : Agricultural Journal, 5(2), 376–383. https://doi.org/10.37637/ab.v5i2.921
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Rahayu M R., Nengah M., Situmeang Y P. 2021. Acceleration of Production of Natural Disinfectants from the Combination of Eco-Enzyme Domestic Organic Waste and Frangipani Flowers (Plumeria alba). SEAS (Sustainable Environment Agricultural Science), 5(1), 15–21. https://doi.org/10.22225/seas.5.1.3165.15-21
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Safitri A., Khairuddin K., Rasmi D. 2020. Analysis of coliform bacteria as a water pollution indicator in Unus River. Proceedings International Conference on Science and Technology (ICST), 1(6), 173–182. http://proceeding.unram.ac.id/index.php/icst/article/view/30
Samiksha S., Salvi S. 2020. Application of Eco-Enzyme for Domestic Waste Water Treatment. International Journal for Research in Engineering Application Management (IJREAM), 05(11), 2454–9150. https://doi.org/10.35291/2454-9150.2020.0075
Santanumurti, M. B., Khanza, S., Abidin, Z., Putri, B., & Hudaidah, S. 2021. The Performance of Microalgae (Nannochloropsis sp., Tetraselmis sp. and Dunaliella sp.) on White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Wastewater Cultivation Media. Journal of Aquaculture and Fish Health, 11(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.20473/jafh.v11i1.21345
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Tuhumury N C., Kaliky I. 2019. Identification of Coastal Waste in Rumah Tiga Village, Ambon City. TRITON : Journal of Aquatic Resources Management, 15(1), 30–39. https://doi.org/10.30598/tritonvol15issue1page30-39
Tuhumury N C., Pellaupessy H S. 2021. Identification of the Presence of Microplastics in Caranx sexfasciatus Cultivated in Ambon Dalam Bay Waters. Journal of Indopacific Aquatic Resources, 5(1), 47. https://doi.org/10.46252/jsai-fpik-unipa.2021.vol.5.no.1.117
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Ambon Mayor. 2015. Ambon City Regional Regulation Number 11 of 2015 Concerning Waste Management.
Ambon Mayor. 2017a. Ambon City Regional Regulation Number 3 of 2017 Concerning Public Peace and Order.
Ambon Mayor. 2017b. Ambon Mayor Regulation Number 7 of 2017 Concerning the Implementation of Non-Free One-Use Plastic Shopping Bags.
Amelia, P., Habibah, U., & Betha, O. S. 2022. Analysis of Escherichia coli Microbial Contamination and Total Coliform Bacteria in Refill Drinking Water in Pondok Cabe Ilir Village, South Tangerang City. Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences Journal, 4(1), 45–52. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15408/pbsj.v4i1.24699
Astuti E., Alghifary AF, Zikra A., Wahyuni F. 2021. Dissemination of Household Waste Processing into Eco-Enzyme Products. Journal of Community Service, 5(2), 2612–2616.
Bahari M H N., Wikaningrum T. 2022. The Characterization of Guava Eco-enzyme and Its Correlations to NH3 , PO4 , And pH Reduction In Water Samples. Journal of Environmental, Engineering, and Waste Management, 07 (01), 20–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.33021/jenv.v7i1.1520
Chen S S., Kimirei I A., Yu C., Shen Q., Gao Q. 2022. Assessment of urban river water pollution with urbanisation in East Africa. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(27), 40812–40825. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-18082-1
Choque-Quispe D., Masco-Arriola M L., Ramos-Pacheco B S., Ligarda-Samanez C A., Solano-Reynoso A M., Choque-Quispe Y., Alonzo-Lanado J F. 2021. Study of the pollution by surfactants in a river of a high Andean micro basin. DYNA (Colombia), 88(217), 9–12. https://doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v88n217.90795
Clesceri, L. S., Greenberg, A. E., & Eaton, A. D. 1998. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. In APHA, AWWA and WPCF, Washington DC.
Dewilda Y., Aziz R., Hasnureta H. 2019. The Effect of Compost Raw Materials (Market Waste, Yard Waste, and Cow Rumen) to Quality and Quantity of Compost. Indonesian Journal of Environmental Management and Sustainability, 3 (1): 14-19 https://doi.org/10.26554/ijems.2019.3.4.14-19
Ferreira V., Elosegi A., Tiegs S D., von Schiller D., Young R. 2020. Organic matter decomposition and ecosystem metabolism as tools to assess the functional integrity of streams and rivers–a systematic review. Water (Switzerland), 12 (12): 1-42. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12123523
Galintin O., Rasit N., Hamzah S. 2021. Production and characterisation of eco-enzyme produced from fruit and vegetable wastes and its influence on the aquaculture sludge. Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry, 11 (3), 10205–10214. https://doi.org/10.33263/BRIAC113.1020510214
Gemilang W A., Rahmawan G A., Wisha U J. 2017. Inner Ambon Bay water quality based physical and chemical parameters in transition season I. EnviroScientaea 13 (1): 79-90.
Government of the Republic of Indonesia. 2021. Government Regulation Number 22 of 2021 concerning Guidelines for Environmental Protection and Management. State Secretariat of the Republic of Indonesia, 1(078487A), 483. http://www.jdih.setjen.kemendagri.go.id/
Governor of the Moluccas. 2020. Governor of Maluku Regulation Number 1 of 2020 concerning Regional Policies and Strategies in the Management of Household Waste and Waste Similar to Household Crumbs.
Hasanah, U., Mulyati, A. H., . S., Widiastuti, D., Warnasih, S., Syahputri, Y., & Panji, T. 2020. Development of COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) Analysis Method in Waste Water Using Uv-Vis Spectrophotometer. Journal of Science Innovare, 3(2), 35–38. https://doi.org/10.33751/jsi.v3i2.3007
Herdiansyah H., Saiya H G., Afkarina K I I., Indra T L. 2021. Coastal community perspective, waste density, and spatial area toward sustainable waste management (Case study: Ambon bay, Indonesia). Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(19), 10947. https://doi.org/10.3390/su131910947
Istanti A., Utami S W. 2022. Utilisation of Household Waste into Eco-Enzyme in Gitik Village, Rogojampi District, Banyuwangi. News of Devotion, 16(1), 30–43. https://doi.org/10.19184/wrtp.v16i1.27328
Janarthanan M., Mani K., Raja S R S. 2020. Purification of Contaminated Water Using Eco-enzyme. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 955 (1), 012098. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/955/1/012098
Jin Q., Kirk M F. 2018. pH as a primary control in environmental microbiology: 1. thermodynamic perspective. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 6 (MAY): 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2018.00021
Khairunisa, N., Suhartana, S., & Bima, D. N. 2021. Electrocoagulation Method Using Al/Graphite Electrode for Removal Surfactant LAS (Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate). Jurnal Presipitasi : Media Komunikasi Dan Pengembangan Teknik Lingkungan, 18(3), 443–452. https://doi.org/10.14710/presipitasi.v18i3.443-452
Kim J H., Kim S R., Kim S K., Kang H W. 2021. Effects of pH changes on blood physiology, antioxidant responses and Ig M of juvenile olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. Aquaculture Reports, 21(December 2020), 100790. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aqrep.2021.100790
Koda E., Miszkowska A., Sieczka A. 2017. Levels of organic pollution indicators in groundwater at the old landfill and waste management site. Applied Sciences (Switzerland), 7(6), 638. https://doi.org/10.3390/app7060638
Kurniati K., Mulawarman A., Putri DA 2022. Variations of Time for Composting Market Organic Waste Using Aerobic Microorganisms. Agro Bali : Agricultural Journal, 5(2), 376–383. https://doi.org/10.37637/ab.v5i2.921
Kusumaningtiar D A., Vionalita G. 2022. Household Solid Waste Management and Composition in Bekasi, Indonesia. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 10(E), 1472–1475. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.9884
Mahdia A., Safitri P A., Setiarini R F., Maherani V F A., Ahsani M N., Soenarno M S. 2022. Analysis of the Effectiveness of Eco-enzyme as a Cleaner for Chicken Coops from Citrus Fruit Waste (Citrus sp.). Journal of Production Science and Technology of Animal Husbandry Products, 10(1), 42–46. https://doi.org/10.29244/jipthp.10.1.42-46
Manullang C Y. 2019. The abundance of Plastic Marine Debris on Beaches in Ambon Bay. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 253(1), 012037. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/253/1/012037
Maryati S., Miharja M., Iscahyono A F., Arsallia S., Humaira A N S. 2017. Towards Sustainable Ambon Bay: Evaluation of Solid Waste Management in Ambon City. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 79(1), 012007. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/79/1/012007
Mavani H A K., Tew I M., Wong L., Yew H Z., Mahyuddin A., Ghazali R A., Pow E H N. 2020. Antimicrobial efficacy of fruit peels eco-enzyme against Enterococcus faecalis: An in vitro study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(14), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17145107
Muliarta I N., Darmawan I K. 2021. Processing Household Organic Waste into Eco-Enzyme as an Effort to Realise Zero Waste. Agriwar Journal, 1(1), 6–11.
Ni'Am A C., Prasetya K D., Utami R P. 2021. Analysis of Ammonia in Kali Lamong River Estuary Surabaya during Pandemic Covid-19. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2117(1), 012020. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2117/1/012020
Osok R M., Talakua S M., Supriadi D. 2018. Determination of Land Capability Classes and Directions for Land Rehabilitation of the Wai Batu Merah Watershed, Ambon City, Maluku Province. Agrologia, 7(1), 355. https://doi.org/10.30598/a.v7i1.355
Park, G. eun, Oh, H. na, & Ahn, S. 2009. Improvement of The Ammonia Analysis by The Phenate Method in Water and Wastewater. Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, 30(9), 2032–2038. https://doi.org/10.5012/bkcs.2009.30.9.2032
Pratamadina E., Wikaningrum T. 2022. Potential Use of Eco-enzyme in Degradation of Detergent in Domestic Wastewater. Journal of Serambi Engineering, 7(1), 2722–2728. https://doi.org/10.32672/jse.v7i1.3881
Rakuasa H., Sihasale D A., Latue P.C. 2022. Land Cover Model in the Ambon City Watershed in 2031 Land Cover Model in the Ambon City River Basin in 2031: Case Studies of Das Wai Batu Gantung, Wai Batu Gajah, Wai Tomu, Wai Batu Merah and Wai Ruhu. Journal of Land and Land Resources, 9(2), 473–486. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtsl.2022.009.2.29
Rahayu M R., Nengah M., Situmeang Y P. 2021. Acceleration of Production of Natural Disinfectants from the Combination of Eco-Enzyme Domestic Organic Waste and Frangipani Flowers (Plumeria alba). SEAS (Sustainable Environment Agricultural Science), 5(1), 15–21. https://doi.org/10.22225/seas.5.1.3165.15-21
Risqi, L. B., Budiastuti, M. T. S., & Rosariastuti, R. 2023. Potential Fruit and Vegetable Waste as Laundry Liquid Waste Treatment. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1165(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1165/1/012001
Safitri A., Khairuddin K., Rasmi D. 2020. Analysis of coliform bacteria as a water pollution indicator in Unus River. Proceedings International Conference on Science and Technology (ICST), 1(6), 173–182. http://proceeding.unram.ac.id/index.php/icst/article/view/30
Samiksha S., Salvi S. 2020. Application of Eco-Enzyme for Domestic Waste Water Treatment. International Journal for Research in Engineering Application Management (IJREAM), 05(11), 2454–9150. https://doi.org/10.35291/2454-9150.2020.0075
Santanumurti, M. B., Khanza, S., Abidin, Z., Putri, B., & Hudaidah, S. 2021. The Performance of Microalgae (Nannochloropsis sp., Tetraselmis sp. and Dunaliella sp.) on White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Wastewater Cultivation Media. Journal of Aquaculture and Fish Health, 11(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.20473/jafh.v11i1.21345
Sayali J D., Shruti S C., Shweta S S., Sudarshan P E., Akash D H., Shrikant P T., Students D. 2019. Use of Eco-enzymes in Domestic Waste Water Treatment. International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology, 4(2), 568–570. www.ijisrt.com568
Some S., Mondal R., Mitra D., Jain,D., Verma D., Das S. 2021. Microbial pollution of water with special reference to coliform bacteria and their nexus with the environment. Energy Nexus, 1(August), 100008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nexus.2021.100008
Tuahatu J W., Noya A Y., Manuputty G D. 2020. Plastic pollution on the beaches of outer Ambon Bay. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 584(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/584/1/012058
Tuahatu J W., Tuhumury N C. 2022. Marine Debris Stranded On The Coast Of Hative Besar During The Transitional Season 1. TRITON: Journal of Aquatic Resource Management, 18(1), 47–54. https://doi.org/10.30598/tritonvol18issue1page47-54
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Authors
TuhumuryN. C., TuahatuJ. and ManuputtyG. D. (2024) “Effect of Eco-enzyme on Water Quality Parameters in Some Rivers Disembogued at Ambon Bay”, Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management). Bogor, ID, 14(4), p. 824. doi: 10.29244/jpsl.14.4.824.
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