Comparative Study of Indonesia and Denmark in Creating a Smart Environment
Abstract
This study aims to compare the efforts of the Governments of Indonesia and Denmark in realizing a smart environment SDG's agenda. This urgency is motivated by the poor environmental conditions in Indonesia while the government is targeting a reduction in emission production by 2030. This research uses a qualitative method. The results of this study indicate that the Government of Indonesia in pursuing a smart environment has not been optimal. This can be seen from the several indicators used in this study: (1) the Attraction of Natural Conditions indicator, the Indonesian Government has not enforced regulations or programs aimed at maintaining the balance of green open spaces. Meanwhile, the Danish Government has launched a city greening program through construction of green buildings. (2) Air Pollution Integrated Index indicator, the Indonesian government has not been able to minimize the number of vehicles through the use of electromobility-based vehicles as has been done by the Danish government. (3) Indicators of Sustainable resource management, the Indonesian Government has not been able to optimize the development of technology for processing waste and waste into residues that can be reused. While in Denmark, which is able to turn waste into residue that can be reused.
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Kaluarachchi, Y. (2022). Implementing Data-Driven Smart City Applications for Future Cities. Smart Cities, 5(2), 455–474. https://doi.org/10.3390/smartcities5020025
kemenperin.go.id. (2022). Inovasi Balai Kemenperin Cegah Pencemaran Air dan Udara Sektor Industri. Kemenperin.Go.Id.
Kurniawati, W., Mussadun, Suwandono, D., & Islamey, T. Z. (2019). Local Wisdom in Malay Kampung Semarang as Representatives of Smart Environment. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 396(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/396/1/012004
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Lestari, P., & Trihadiningrum, Y. (2019). The impact of improper solid waste management to plastic pollution in Indonesian coast and marine environment. Marine Pollution Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110505
Lim, N. O., Hwang, J., Lee, S.-J., Yoo, Y., Choi, Y., & Jeon, S. (2022). Spatialization and Prediction of Seasonal NO2 Pollution Due to Climate Change in the Korean Capital Area through Land Use Regression Modeling. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095111
Manika, S. (2020). Mechanisms for innovative-driven solutions in european smart cities. Smart Cities, 3(2), 527–540. https://doi.org/10.3390/smartcities3020028
maphub.net. (2021). Top 20 sustainable smart cities in the world. Maphub.Net.
Mariaa, F., Mastrantoniob, M., & Uccellib, R. (2021). The life cycle approach for assessing the impact of municipal solid waste incineration on the environment and on human health. Science of the Total Environment, 776.
Martins, J., Gonçalves, C., Silva, J., Gonçalves, R., & Branco, F. (2022). Digital Ecosystem Model for GIAHS: The Barroso Agro-Sylvo-Pastoral System. Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(16). https://doi.org/10.3390/su141610349
Micozzi, N., & Yigitcanlar, T. (2022). Understanding Smart City Policy: Insights from the Strategy Documents of 52 Local Governments. Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(16). https://doi.org/10.3390/su141610164
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldaña, J. (2018). Qualitative Data Analysis A Methods Sourcebook. In Qualitative Data Analysis A Methods Sourcebook (3rd ed.). Arizona State University. https://doi.org/10.7748/ns.30.25.33.s40
Moss, T., Voigt, F., & Becker, S. (2021). Digital urban nature: Probing a void in the smart city discourse. City, 25(3–4), 255–276. https://doi.org/10.1080/13604813.2021.1935513
Nagy, Z., Sebestyén Szép, T., & Szendi, D. (2019). Regional disparities in Hungarian Urban energy consumption – A link between smart cities and successful cities. Geographia Technica, 14(1), 92–102. https://doi.org/10.21163/GT_2019.141.07
Nanda, S., & Berruti, F. (2021). Municipal solid waste management and landfilling technologies: a review. Environmental Chemistry Letters, 1433–1456. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-020-01100-y
Nikoloudis, C., Strantzali, E., Tounta, T., Aravossis, K., Mavrogiannis, A., Mytilinaioy, A., Sitzimi, E., & Violeti, E. (2020). An evaluation model for smart city performance with less than 50,000 inhabitants: A Greek case study. SMARTGREENS 2020 - Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Smart Cities and Green ICT Systems, Smartgreens, 15–21. https://doi.org/10.5220/0009327700150021
O’Brian, R. (2021). The Green Future Index 2021. MIT Technology Review Insights, 33. https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/01/25/1016648/green-future-index/
Patton, M. Q. (1987). How to use qualitative methods in evaluation (No. 4). SAGE Publications. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=0co1ESOVJHkC&lpg=PA5&ots=wIz3CEc8zb&dq=Patton%2C M. Q. (1987). How to use qualitative methods in evaluation (No. 4). Sage Publications.&lr&hl=id&pg=PA5#v=onepage&q&f=false
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Setiowati, R., Hasibuan, H. S., & Koestoer, R. H. (2018). Green open space masterplan at Jakarta Capital City, Indonesia for climate change mitigation. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 200(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/200/1/012042
Sharifi, A., & Allam, Z. (2022). On the taxonomy of smart city indicators and their alignment with sustainability and resilience. Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science, 5(49), 1536–1555.
Shouket, B., Abro, K. Z., Nassani, A. A., & Qazi, A. M. A. & M. M. (2019). Management of green transportation: an evidence-based approach. Environmental Science and Pollution Research Volume, 12574–12589. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-04748-4
stateofgreen.com. (2022). Denmark is Once Again Ranked the World’s Most Sustainable. Stateofgreen.Com.
Statista Database. (2022). Number of Deaths Attributable to Air Pollution in Denmark from 1990 to 2019. Statista Database.
technologyreview.com. (2022). The Green Future Index 2022. Technologyreview.Com.
The Green Future Index. (2022). The Green Future Index 2nd Edition MIT Technology Review Insights. https://mittrinsights.s3.amazonaws.com/GFI22report.pdf
thegreencities.eu. (2021). A proposal for green norm 2.0 in Green Cities Europe. Thegreencities.Eu.
Uswah. (2022). 70 Persen Air Minum Indonesia Terkontaminsi Tinja, Dosen UM Surbaya Sarankan Hal Ini. Um-Surabaya.Ac.Id.
Wahdaniyat, H. (2019). Ruang Terbuka Hijau yang Masih Terpinggirkan di Indonesia. Ciptakarya. Pu. Go. Id.
water.europa.eu. (2018). Overview: urban waste water production and its treatment in Denmark.
Wikantiyoso, R., Suhartono, T., & Sulaksono, A. G. (2020). Controlling efforts of green open space provision in East Malang residential areas development, Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 562(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/562/1/012015
World Cities Report 2022. (2022). Envisaging the Future of Cities. https://unhabitat.org/sites/default/files/2022/06/wcr_2022.pdf
WorldBank. (2021). Plastic Waste Discharges from Rivers and Coastlines in Indonesia. WorldBank.
worldpopulationreview.com. (2022). Cleanest Countries in the World 2022. Worldpopulationreview.Com.
Yuliani, S., Hardiman, G., & Setyowati, E. (2020). Green-roof: The role of community in the substitution of green-space toward sustainable development. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/su12041429
Authors
HanifN. A., UtomoE. P. and HuseinR. (2024) “Comparative Study of Indonesia and Denmark in Creating a Smart Environment”, Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management). Bogor, ID, 14(1), pp. 160-173. doi: 10.29244/jpsl.14.1.160-173.
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