Peran dan Interaksi Aktor Lokal dalam Pengelolaan Hutan Bersama Masyarakat (PHBM) di Citarum Hulu
Abstrak
Peran masyarakat dan kerjasama dengan aktor-aktor lain merupakan upaya yang dapat menjamin keberlangsungan pengelolaan hutan. Penelitian ini menganalisis peran untuk menentukan kekuasaan dan kepentingan serta mengklasifikasikan kelompok dengan menganalisis kepentingan dan pengaruh, dan menganalisis jaringan aktor dengan menggunakan Analisis Jejaring Sosial (SNA) dengan aplikasi KUMU. PHBM merupakan bentuk kerjasama antara Perum Perhutani dengan masyarakat desa hutan. Perhutani berperan sebagai Key Player dalam program tersebut dengan peran memprakarsai program PHBM yang memiliki kontrol besar atas pengelolaan hutan seperti pengawasan dan perizinan akses hutan, juga Petani Kopi sebagai subyek utama program. Analisis SNA menunjukkan bahwa aktor kunci PHBM adalah LMDH sebagai aktor yang paling banyak berhubungan dengan aktor lain, pusat informasi, perantara informasi, dan juga yang paling dekat dengan aktor lain karena memiliki jalur komunikasi terpendek. Peran dan interaksi LMDH mendukung keberhasilan pengelolaan hutan berbasis masyarakat.
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Thondhlana, G., et.al. (2015). Local institutions, actors, and natural resource governance in Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park and surrounds, South Africa. Land Use Policy. 47.121-129. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2015.03.013
Akamani, K., & Hall, Troy Elizabeth. (2019). Scale and Co-Management Outcomes: Assessing The Impact of Collaborative Forest Management on Community and Household Resilience. Heliyon 5, 1-29. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01125
Angst. M., et.al (2018). Connectors and coordinators in natural resource governance: insights from Swiss water supply. Ecology and Society. 23 (2). DOI: https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-10030-230201
Bahruzin. (2014). Analisis Efektivitas Kelembagaan Pengelolaan Hutan Bersama Masyarakat (PHBM) di Kesatuan Pemangkuan Hutan (KPH) Bandung Utara Jawa Barat. Tesis. Bogor, Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Bartlett, A G. (2018). Factors affecting the success of collaborative forestry research in Papua New Guinea, Australian Forestry, 81(2), 116-128, DOI: 10.1080/00049158.2018.1462546
Bartra, V.A. (2007). An Institutional Framework for A More Efficient Use of Natural Resources. Minerals and Energy. Vol 22. 48-61.
Bloomfield, G., et.al. (2019). Strategic Insights for Capacity Development on Forest Landscape Restoration: Implications for Addressing Global Commitments. Tropical Conservation Science. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1940082919887589
Bonzaaier, C.C. (2012). Towards a Community-based Integrated Institutional Framework for Ecotourism Management: The Case of The Masebe Nature Reserve, Limpopo Province of South Africa. Journal of Anthropology. Vol. 2012.
Carter, J., J. Gronow. (2005). Recent Experience in Collaborative Forest Management: A Review Paper. Center for International Forestry Research.
Chen, H., et al. (2012). Community forestry management and livelihood development in northwest China: integration of governance, project design, and community participation. Regional Environment Change. 67-75. DOI: 10.1007/s10113-012-0316-3
Desmiwati & Christian, F Y. (2008). Levelling Up The Collaborative Forest Management in Indonesia: A Review. Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. IUFRO, Bogor.
Gunawan, B. dkk. (2004). Community Dependency on Forest Resources in West Java, Indonesia: The Need to Re-Involve Local People in Forest Management. Journal of Sustainable Forestry. 18 (4). 29-46. DOI: 10.1300/J091v18n04_02
Hanneman RA, Riddle M. 2011. A brief introduction to analyzing social network data. In the Sage Handbook of Social Network Analysis; Scott J., Carrington, PJ, Eds. SAGE: Thousand Oaks, CA, USA. 40-54.
Kimengsi, J.N., et.al. (2019). What (De)Motivates Forest Users’ Participation in Co- Management? Evidence from Nepal. Forests, 10, 512; doi:10.3390/f10060512.
Martins, H., J. G. Borges. (2007). Addressing collaborative planning methods and tools in forest management. Forest Ecology and Management. 107-118. DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2007.02.039
Mohammed, A.J., et.al. (2017). Moving forward in collaborative forest management: Role of external actors for sustainable Forest socio-ecological systems. Forest Policy and Economics. 74. 13-19. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forpol.2016.10.010
Murphy, R.J.A., P.Jones. (2020). Leverage Analysis: A Method for Locating Points of Influence In Systemy Design Decisions. FormAkadeemisk. 12 (2). Pp. 1-25.
Ostrom, E. (1990). Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action. Cambridge: Cambridge Univesity Press.
Poudyal, B.H., et.al. (2019). Scientific Forest Management Practice in Nepal: Critical Reflections from Stakeholders' Perspectives. Forests. 11 (27). 1-20.
Pribadi, R., et.al. (2020). Enhancing the Role of the District Government in Decentralized Forest Management. Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika. 26 (2). 114-122. DOI: 10.7226/jtfm.26.2.114
Pujo., et.al. (2018). Community Capacity Building in Social Forestry Development: A Review. Journal of Regional and City Planning, 29(2), 113-126. Doi: 10.5614/jrcp.2018.29.2.3
Reed, S.M., et.al (2009). Who’s in and why? A typology of stakeholder analysis methods for natural resources management. Journal of Environmental Management, 90(16), 1933–1949
Ribot.J.C, dan N. L. Peluso. (2003). A Theory of Access. Rural Sociology. 68 (2). pp. 153-181
Ruiz-Mallén, Isabel., et.al (2015). Meanings, drivers, and motivations for community-based conservation in Latin America. ECOLOGY AND SOCIETY. 20 (33). DOI:10.5751/ES-07733-200333.
Santika, T., et.al. (2017). Community Forest Management in Indonesia: Avoided Deforestation in The Contect of Anthropogenic and Climate Complexities. Global Environmental Change. 47. 60-71.
Sunderlin, W.D., et.al. (2008). Poverty and Forests: Multi-country Analysis of Spatial Association and Proposed Policy Solutions. Center Fore International Forestry Research.
Syahputra, O.K.H., et.al. (2018). Jejaring kekuasaan aktor dalam pengelolaan hutan mangrove berbasis masyarakat di Provinsi Aceh. Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, 9 (2), 380-393. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jpsl.9.2.380-393
Talley, J.L., et.al. (2016). A Simplified Approach to Stakeholder Engagement in Natural Resource Management: The Five-Feature Network. Ecology and Society. 21(4):38.
Thondhlana, G., et.al. (2015). Local institutions, actors, and natural resource governance in Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park and surrounds, South Africa. Land Use Policy. 47.121-129. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2015.03.013
Penulis
AisharyaI. Y., GunawanB., AbdoellahO. S., GunawanW. dan DewaJ. J. P. K. (2022) “Peran dan Interaksi Aktor Lokal dalam Pengelolaan Hutan Bersama Masyarakat (PHBM) di Citarum Hulu”, Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management). Bogor, ID, 12(2), hlm. 335-351. doi: 10.29244/jpsl.12.2.335-351.
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