Review: The ethnotaxonomy and bioecology of pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack.)
Abstract
Eurycoma longifolia (EL) is a species that have economical benefit as medicinal ingredients for human health. This species grows in tropical forest areas with high rainfall. Research on the ecology of EL has been done a lot, but research related to ethnotaxonomic, bioecology that includes morphology, ecology, and the association of EL with other plants hasn’t been done much. This study aim to analyze the bioecology of EL plant. The method is literature study, which is looking for literature on the results of research that has been carried out related to EL. The results showed that EL has long been known by the communities of Indonesia and other countries in Southeast Asia with several local names. This plant is also associated with other plants around where it grows, one of which is kempas (Koompassia malaccensis). Based on the results of literature review, research on natural regeneration of EL hasn’t been done much. Therefore, there is a need for research related to the natural regeneration of EL. In addition, it is necessary to conduct research related to the characteristics of the place to grow for optimal cultivation of EL. Thus, the preservation of EL in the future can be maintained.
References
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Nursyam M. 1994. Kajian kondisi populasi pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack.) pada areal hutan bekas tebangan HPH PT. Niti Remaja Concern Sumatera Selatan [skripsi]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Nuryamin. 2000. Studi potensi tumbuhan obat akar kuning (Arcangelisia flava (L.) Merr), pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack.), seluang belum (Luvunga eleutherandra Dalz.) dan ginseng kalimantan (Psycotria valetonii Hochr.) di Areal Kerja HPN PT. Manimbun Djaja (Djajanti Group) Kalimantan Tengah [skripsi]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Rifai NA. 1975. Data-Data Botani Pasak Bumi. Bogor (ID): Herbarium Bogoriense.
Rosmaina, Zulfahmi, Sutejo P, Ulfiatun, Maisupratina. 2015. Induksi kalus pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack.) melalui eksplan daun dan petiol [Callus induction of (Eurycoma longifolia Jack.) by leaf and petiole explant]. Jurnal Agroteknologi. 6(1): 33-40. doi: 10.24014/ja.v6i1.1567.
Royyani MF, Efendy O. 2015. Kajian etnobotani masyarakat dayak di Desa tau Lumbis, Kabupaten Nunukan, Propinsi Kalimantan Utara, Indonesia [Ethnobotanical study of Ethnic Dayak of Tau Lumbis Village, Nunukan Regency, North Kalimantan Province, Indonesia]. Berita Biologi. 14(2): 177-185. doi: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v14i2.1852.
Setyaningrum D, Kartikawati SM, Wahdina. 2017. Morfologi pasak bumi (Eurycoma spp.) di Dusun Benuah Kabupaten Kubu Raya Kalimantan Barat [Morphology of pasak bumi (Eurycoma spp) in Dusun Benuah Kabupaten Kubu Raya West Kalimantan]. Jurnal Hutan Lestari. 5(2): 217-224.
Setyowati FM, Riswan S, Susiarti S. 2005. Etnobotani masyarakat Dayak Ngaju di Daerah Timpah Kalimantan Tengah. Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan. 6(3): 502-510. doi: 10.29122/jtl.v6i3.358.
Silalahi M, Nisyawati. 2015. Etnobotani pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia) pada etnis Batak, Sumatera Utara [Ethnobotany of pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia) on Batak ethnic, North Sumatera]. Pros Sem Nas Masy Biodiv Indon. 1(4): 743-746. doi: 10.13057/psnmbi/m010410.
Sinambela SU, Burhanuddin K, Masitoh S. 2017. Habitat dan asosiasi pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack.) di Bukit Benuah Kecamatan Sungai Ambawang Kabupaten Kubu Raya [Habitat and association of pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) in Bukit Benuah Sub-District of Sungai Ambawang District of Kubu Raya]. Jurnal Hutan Lestari. 5(3): 789-798.
Supriyadi L. 1998. Studi potensi pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack.) dan kemungkinan pemanfaatannya di Areal Kerja HPH PT. Suka Jaya Makmur Kalimantan Barat [skripsi]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Susilowati A. 2008. Teknik perbanyakan dan kekerabatan genetik pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack.) [thesis]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Susilowati A, Supriyanto, Siregar IZ, Subiakto A. 2012. Perbanyakan tanaman pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack.) melalui teknik stek pucuk [Propagation technique of pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) via shoot cutting]. FORESTA Indonesian of Journal Forestry. 1(1): 25-29.
Widyatmoko D, Zich F. 1998. The Flora of Bukit Tiga Puluh National Park, Kerumutan Sanctuary and Mahato Protective Reserve Riau, Indonesia. Bogor (ID): Indonesian Botanic Garden.
Zulfahmi, Nelawati, Rosmaina. 2015. Kepadatan dan pola penyebaran pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia) di Zona Alaman Kuyang, Hutan Larangan Adat Kenegarian Rumbio [Density and distribution pattern of (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) in the Alaman Kuyang Zone of the Forest Reserve of Kenegarian Rumbio]. Jurnal Agroteknologi. 6(1): 41-46. doi: 10.24014/ja.v6i1.1375.
Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG). 2003. An Update of the Angiospermae phylogeny group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG II,. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 141: 399-436.
Arbain D, Bakhtiar A, Putra DP, Nurainas. 2014. Review Tumbuhan Obat Sumatera. Padang (ID): UPT Sumber Daya Hayati Sumatera Universitas Andalas.
Bhat R, Karim AA. 2010. Tongkat ali (Eurycoma longifolia Jack.): A review on its ethnobotany and pharmacological importance. Fitoterapia. 81: 669-679. doi: 10.1016/j.fitote.2010.04.006
de Padua LS, Bunyapraphatsara N, Lemmens RHMJ. 1999. (PROSEA) Plant Resources of South-East Asia 12: Medicinal and Posionous Plants 1. Bogor (ID): Prosea Foundation.
Edwards SE, Rocha IC, Williamson EM, Heinrich M. 2015. Phytopharmacy: An Evidence-Based Guide to Herbal Medicinal Products. Chichester (UK): John Wiley & Sons.
Efffendy NM, Mohamed N, Muhammad N, Mohamad IN, Shuid AN. 2012. Eurycoma longifolia: Medicinal plant in the prevention and treatment of male osteoporosis due to androgen deficiency. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2012: 125761. doi: 10.1155/2012/125761.
Febriana I, Kusmana C, Rahmat UM. 2019. Komposisi Jenis Tumbuhan dan Analisis Sebaran Langkap (Arenga obtusifolia Mart.) di Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon. Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan. 10 (1): 52-65. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jpsl.10.1.52-65
Ginting BRA. 2010. Ekologi pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack.) dan pemanfaatan oleh masyarakat di sekitar Hutan Bukit Lawang [thesis]. Medan (ID): Universitas Sumatera Utara.
Hadiah JT. 1992. Kajian ekologis pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) di pusat kajian hutan tropika areal HPT PT Siak Raya Timber, Riau [skripsi]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Hadiah JT, Yuzammi, Purnomo DW. 2019. Kajian habitat dan populasi pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack.) di Blok Barat Kawasan Hutan Konservasi PT. Sabhantara Rawi Sentosa, Kutai Timur, Kalimantan Timur. Buletin Kebun Raya. 22(1): 31-46. doi: 10.14203/BKR.V22I1.451.
Hasibuan S, Suhesti E, Insusanty E. 2016. Kajian ekologi pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack.) dan pemanfaatan oleh masyarakat di sekitar Hutan Larangan Adat Rumbio, Kabupaten Kampar Provinsi Riau. Wahana Forestra. 11(2): 112-126. doi: 10.31849/forestra.v11i2.152.
Heriyanto NM, Sawitri R, Subiandono E. 2006. Kajian ekologi dan potensi Pasak Bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack.) di Kelompok Hutan Sungai Manna-Sungai Nasal Bengkulu. Bulletin Plasma Nutfah. 12(2): 69-75. doi: 10.21082/blpn.v12n2.2006.p69-75.
Hussein S, Ibrahim R, Kiong ALP, Fadzillah NM, Daud SK. 2005. Multiple shoots formation of an important tropical medicinal plant, Eurycoma longifolia Jack. Plant Biotechnology. 22(4): 349-351. doi: 10.5511/plantbiotechnology.22.349.
Kartikawati SM. 2014. Konservasi pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack.) ditinjau dari aspek kelembagaan tata niaga [thesis]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Kusmana C, Hukmat A. 2015. Keanekaragaman Hayati Flora di Indonesia. Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan. 5 (2): 187-198 doi: 10.19081/jpsl.5.2.187187
Lee TA, Kamal NM, Poai TH. 2015. Notes on morphological characteristics of Eurycoma spp. and its status in Peninsular Malaysia. Reinwardtia. 14(2): 259-263. doi: 10.14203/reinwardtia.v14i2.1669.
Lesmana. 2005. Studi habitat dan sebaran pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack.) di Hutan Pikul Desa Sahan Kecamatan Seluas, Kabupaten Bengkayang [skripsi]. Pontianak (ID): Universitas Tanjungpura.
Miles MB, Huberman AM, Saldana J. 2014. Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook. Arizona (US): Arizona State University.
Nugrahani F. 2014. Metode Penelitian Kualitatif dalam Penelitian Pendidikan Bahasa. Surakarta (ID): LPPM Universitas Veteran Bangun Nusantara.
Nursyam M. 1994. Kajian kondisi populasi pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack.) pada areal hutan bekas tebangan HPH PT. Niti Remaja Concern Sumatera Selatan [skripsi]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Nuryamin. 2000. Studi potensi tumbuhan obat akar kuning (Arcangelisia flava (L.) Merr), pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack.), seluang belum (Luvunga eleutherandra Dalz.) dan ginseng kalimantan (Psycotria valetonii Hochr.) di Areal Kerja HPN PT. Manimbun Djaja (Djajanti Group) Kalimantan Tengah [skripsi]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Rifai NA. 1975. Data-Data Botani Pasak Bumi. Bogor (ID): Herbarium Bogoriense.
Rosmaina, Zulfahmi, Sutejo P, Ulfiatun, Maisupratina. 2015. Induksi kalus pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack.) melalui eksplan daun dan petiol [Callus induction of (Eurycoma longifolia Jack.) by leaf and petiole explant]. Jurnal Agroteknologi. 6(1): 33-40. doi: 10.24014/ja.v6i1.1567.
Royyani MF, Efendy O. 2015. Kajian etnobotani masyarakat dayak di Desa tau Lumbis, Kabupaten Nunukan, Propinsi Kalimantan Utara, Indonesia [Ethnobotanical study of Ethnic Dayak of Tau Lumbis Village, Nunukan Regency, North Kalimantan Province, Indonesia]. Berita Biologi. 14(2): 177-185. doi: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v14i2.1852.
Setyaningrum D, Kartikawati SM, Wahdina. 2017. Morfologi pasak bumi (Eurycoma spp.) di Dusun Benuah Kabupaten Kubu Raya Kalimantan Barat [Morphology of pasak bumi (Eurycoma spp) in Dusun Benuah Kabupaten Kubu Raya West Kalimantan]. Jurnal Hutan Lestari. 5(2): 217-224.
Setyowati FM, Riswan S, Susiarti S. 2005. Etnobotani masyarakat Dayak Ngaju di Daerah Timpah Kalimantan Tengah. Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan. 6(3): 502-510. doi: 10.29122/jtl.v6i3.358.
Silalahi M, Nisyawati. 2015. Etnobotani pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia) pada etnis Batak, Sumatera Utara [Ethnobotany of pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia) on Batak ethnic, North Sumatera]. Pros Sem Nas Masy Biodiv Indon. 1(4): 743-746. doi: 10.13057/psnmbi/m010410.
Sinambela SU, Burhanuddin K, Masitoh S. 2017. Habitat dan asosiasi pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack.) di Bukit Benuah Kecamatan Sungai Ambawang Kabupaten Kubu Raya [Habitat and association of pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) in Bukit Benuah Sub-District of Sungai Ambawang District of Kubu Raya]. Jurnal Hutan Lestari. 5(3): 789-798.
Supriyadi L. 1998. Studi potensi pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack.) dan kemungkinan pemanfaatannya di Areal Kerja HPH PT. Suka Jaya Makmur Kalimantan Barat [skripsi]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Susilowati A. 2008. Teknik perbanyakan dan kekerabatan genetik pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack.) [thesis]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Susilowati A, Supriyanto, Siregar IZ, Subiakto A. 2012. Perbanyakan tanaman pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack.) melalui teknik stek pucuk [Propagation technique of pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) via shoot cutting]. FORESTA Indonesian of Journal Forestry. 1(1): 25-29.
Widyatmoko D, Zich F. 1998. The Flora of Bukit Tiga Puluh National Park, Kerumutan Sanctuary and Mahato Protective Reserve Riau, Indonesia. Bogor (ID): Indonesian Botanic Garden.
Zulfahmi, Nelawati, Rosmaina. 2015. Kepadatan dan pola penyebaran pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia) di Zona Alaman Kuyang, Hutan Larangan Adat Kenegarian Rumbio [Density and distribution pattern of (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) in the Alaman Kuyang Zone of the Forest Reserve of Kenegarian Rumbio]. Jurnal Agroteknologi. 6(1): 41-46. doi: 10.24014/ja.v6i1.1375.
Authors
HidayatiS., Zuhud E. A., AdiyaksaI. K. and Al ManarP. (2021) “Review: The ethnotaxonomy and bioecology of pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack.)”, Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management). Bogor, ID, 11(2), pp. 177-178. doi: 10.29244/jpsl.11.2.177-178.
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