Spatial Bioeconomic Analysis of Grouper Fishing on the Fisheries Management Framework in Saleh Bay Analisis Bioekonomi Spasial Perikanan Kerapu Dalam Kerangka Pengelolaan Perikanan Di Teluk Saleh
Abstrak
Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui performa perikanan kerapu skala kecil di Teluk Saleh berdasarkan pendekatan bioekonomi spasial. Penelitian ini mengimplementasikan pendekatan bioekonomi spasial ini untuk mengestimasi alokasi spasial trip penangkapan optimal yang diperbolehkan dan nilai keuntungan ekonomi yang diperoleh. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa secara spasial jumlah trip optimal tertinggi sebaiknya dialokasikan di Daerah Penangkapan Ikan (DPI)-7 sebesar 2883 trip per tahun diikuti oleh DPI-5 (2107), DPI -1 (1158), DPI-4 (1064), DPI-6 (970), DPI-2 (940) dan DPI-3 (524). Berdasarkan nilai effort tersebut diperoleh keuntungan ekonomi secara kumulatif sebesar Rp 1.4 miliyar per tahun, dengan distribusi keuntungan tertinggi di DPI-7 sebesar 428 juta per tahun, dan terendah di DPI-3 sebesar 55 juta per tahun. Alokasi trip penangkapan ini dapat melengkapi instrumen pembatasan penangkapan yang sudah ada, terutama terkait dengan pengendalian input dan opsi penutupan daerah dan musim penangkapan. Pilihan strategi ini memudahkan pengelola perikanan untuk fokus melakukan pengendalian dan pengawasan secara spasial dan temporal dengan resolusi tinggi.
Referensi
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Akpalu W. 2008. Fishing regulations, individual discount rate, and fishermen behaviour in a developing country fishery. Environment and development economics. 13:591–606.
Amorim P, Sousa P, Jardim E, Azevedo M, Menezes GM. 2020. Length-frequency data approaches to evaluate snapper and grouper fisheries in the Java Sea, Indonesia. Fisheries Research. 229:1-15
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Randall JE. 1987. A preliminary synopsis of the groupers (Perciformes: Serranidae: Epinephelinae) of the Indo-Pacific region. In Polovina JJ, Ralston S, editors. : Tropical Snappers and Groupers: Biology And Fisheries Management. Boulder :Westview Press. pp. 89-188.
Sanchirico JN, Wilen JE. 2001. A bioeconomic model of marine reserve creation. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management. 42. 257-276. 10.1006/jecm.2000.1162.
Sasarari R, Fahrudin A, Zulbainarni N. 2019. Tingkat pemanfaatan sumberdaya perikanan pelagis besar dan kesejahteraan rumah tangga nelayan di perairan Kota Jayapura, Provinsi Papua. JPSL. 9(4): 920-928. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jpsl.9.4. 920-928.
Seijo JC, Defeo O, Salas S. 1998. Fisheries bioeconomics: theory, modelling and management. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper. No. 368. Rome: FAO. p108.
Vadziutsina, Rera. 2020. Review of fish trap fisheries from tropical and subtropical reefs: Main features, threats and management solutions. Fish res. 223:105-432.
Wudianto, Mahiswara, Linting M. 1995. Pengaruh ukuran mata pancing rawai dasar terhadap hasil tangkapan. Balai Penelitian Perikanan Laut, 1:58-67. http//dx.doi.org/10.1578/jppi.1.1.1995 .58-67
www.kompas.com. 2019 Des 12. 6 fakta kemarau panjang dan kekeringan parah tahun 2019. [Internet]. [diunduh 2020 Apr 19]. Tersedia pada https://sains.kompas.com/read/2019/12/31/200500823/6-fakta-kemarau-panjang-dan-kekeringan-parah-tahun-2019?page=1
Agustina S, Panggabean AS, Natsir M, Retroningtyas H, Yulianto I. 2019. Yield-per-recruit modeling as biological reference points to provide fisheries management of Leopard Coral Grouper (Plectropomus leopardus) in Saleh Bay, West Nusa Tenggara. IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci. 278 012005:1-7.
Agustina S, Natsir M, Boer M, Purwanto, Yulianto I. 2018. Parameter populasi kerapu sunu (Plectropomus sp.) dan opsi pengelolaannya di perairan Karimunjawa. Marine Fisheries. 9(2):119-131.
Akpalu W. 2008. Fishing regulations, individual discount rate, and fishermen behaviour in a developing country fishery. Environment and development economics. 13:591–606.
Amorim P, Sousa P, Jardim E, Azevedo M, Menezes GM. 2020. Length-frequency data approaches to evaluate snapper and grouper fisheries in the Java Sea, Indonesia. Fisheries Research. 229:1-15
Anderson LG, Seijo JC. 2010. Bioeconomics of Fisheries Management. New Jersey[US]:Wiley-Blackwell.
Bawole R, Rahayu, Rembet UNWJ, Ananta AS, Runtuboi F, Sala R. 2017. Growth and mortality rate of the Napan-Yaur coral trout, Plectropomus leopardus (Pisces: Serranidae), Cenderawasih Bay National Park, Indonesia. Biodiversitas. 18(2):758-764.
Bode M, Sanchirico JN, Armsworth PR. 2016. Returns from matching management resolution to ecological variation in a coral reef fishery. Proceedings. Biological sciences, 283(1826):20152828. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.2828.
Conrad JM, Smith MD. 2012. Nonspatial and Spatial Models in Bioeconomics. Natural Resource Modelling. 25. 10.1111/j.1939-7445.2011.00102.x.
Damora A, Ardianto L, Wardiatno, Y, Suman A. 2019. Dynamic spatial allocation of scalloped spiny lobster (Panulirus homarus) in the coast of Gunungkidul, Indonesia. IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci. 348 012113.
Ekawati AK, Adrianto L, Zairion. 2019. Pengelolaan perikanan rajungan (Portunus pelagicus) berdasarkan analisis spasial dan temporal bioekonomi di perairan pesisir timur Lampung. JKPI. 11(1):65-74.
Ernaningsih, Asbar, Danial, Hasrun A, Jamal M. Population dynamics and exploitation rate of coral grouper Plectropomus leopardus in the Sarappo Islands, Pangkep Regency, South Sulawesi. IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci. 253 012028.
Hernández-Flores A, Cuevas-Jiménez A, Poot-Salazar A, Condal A, Espinoza-Méndez JC. 2018. Bioeconomic modeling for a small-scale sea cucumber fishery in Yucatan, Mexico. PLoS ONE, 13(1): e0190857. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0190857.
Gulland JA. 1983. Fish Stok Assessment : A Manual of Basic Methods. Chichester– New York - Brisbane – Toronto – Singapore : John Willey and Sons. 223 p.
Hafsaridewi R, Fahrudin A, Sulistiono, Sutrisno D, Koeshendrajana S. 2019. Resiliensi nelayan terhadap ketersediaan sumberdaya perikanan di Kepulauan Karimunjawa. JPSL. 9(2):527-540.
Kadison E. Brandt M, Nemeth R, Martens J, Blondeau J, Smith T. 2017. Abndance of commercially important reef fish indicates different levels of over-exploitation across shelves of the U.S. Virgin Islands. PLoS ONE. 12(7): e0180063. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0180063.
Khasanah M, Nurdin N, Sadovy Y, Jompa J. 2019. Management of the grouper export trade in Indonesia. Reviews in Fisheries Science & Aquaculture. doi: 10.1080/23308249.2018.1542420.
Patanda M, Wisudo SH, Monintja DR, Wiryawan B. 2017. Sustainability for reef fish resource based on productivity and susceptibility in Wangi-Wangi Island, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. AACL Bioflux. 10 (4) :861- 874.
Randall JE. 1987. A preliminary synopsis of the groupers (Perciformes: Serranidae: Epinephelinae) of the Indo-Pacific region. In Polovina JJ, Ralston S, editors. : Tropical Snappers and Groupers: Biology And Fisheries Management. Boulder :Westview Press. pp. 89-188.
Sanchirico JN, Wilen JE. 2001. A bioeconomic model of marine reserve creation. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management. 42. 257-276. 10.1006/jecm.2000.1162.
Sasarari R, Fahrudin A, Zulbainarni N. 2019. Tingkat pemanfaatan sumberdaya perikanan pelagis besar dan kesejahteraan rumah tangga nelayan di perairan Kota Jayapura, Provinsi Papua. JPSL. 9(4): 920-928. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jpsl.9.4. 920-928.
Seijo JC, Defeo O, Salas S. 1998. Fisheries bioeconomics: theory, modelling and management. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper. No. 368. Rome: FAO. p108.
Vadziutsina, Rera. 2020. Review of fish trap fisheries from tropical and subtropical reefs: Main features, threats and management solutions. Fish res. 223:105-432.
Wudianto, Mahiswara, Linting M. 1995. Pengaruh ukuran mata pancing rawai dasar terhadap hasil tangkapan. Balai Penelitian Perikanan Laut, 1:58-67. http//dx.doi.org/10.1578/jppi.1.1.1995 .58-67
www.kompas.com. 2019 Des 12. 6 fakta kemarau panjang dan kekeringan parah tahun 2019. [Internet]. [diunduh 2020 Apr 19]. Tersedia pada https://sains.kompas.com/read/2019/12/31/200500823/6-fakta-kemarau-panjang-dan-kekeringan-parah-tahun-2019?page=1
Penulis
EfendiD. S., AdriantoL., Yonvitner dan WardiatnoY. (2020) “Spatial Bioeconomic Analysis of Grouper Fishing on the Fisheries Management Framework in Saleh Bay : Analisis Bioekonomi Spasial Perikanan Kerapu Dalam Kerangka Pengelolaan Perikanan Di Teluk Saleh”, Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management). Bogor, ID, 10(3), hlm. 338-351. doi: 10.29244/jpsl.10.3.338-351.
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