Cost Benefit Analysis dalam Pengembangan Fasilitas Pengolahan Sampah: Studi Kasus Kota Pekanbaru
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Accepted
25 July 2019
Published
13 October 2019
Abstract
Municipal solid waste management is a public service that should be provided by the government and needs a significant portion of the government budget, so it is deemed as a cost center. Often, benefit from the waste management could not directly be nominalized into money. The study aims to compare the total cost needed and benefit taken, directly and indirectly, using Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) and puts Pekanbaru City as a case study. Recently, there were 5 units of waste recycling facility (TPS 3R), 5 units of composting facility, and 145 unit of waste bank available in Pekanbaru City. In order to compare with the existing condition, the study developed 2 scenarios related to the recycling facilities, namely Scenario A for optimizing capacity of the facilities, and Scenario B for providing 2 facilities in each sub-district until 2025. The result shows that the Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) value were 2.903 for Scenario A, and 4.478 for Scenario B, comparing to 1.624 for the existing condition. The study provides a proof that the municpality should prioritze waste treatment rather than waste disposal as it has higher total benefit and the measure is in-line with the national policy on waste management.
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Aleluia J, Ferrão P. 2017. Assessing the costs of municipal solid waste treatment technologies in developing Asian countries. Waste Management. 69:592-608.
Badan Pusat Statistik. 2017. Kota Pekanbaru dalam Angka 2017. Pekan Baru: BPS Kota Pekan Baru.
Damanhuri E, Padmi T. 2016. Pengelolaan Sampah Terpadu. Bandung: Penerbit ITB.
Dethan MN, Kallau J, Pelokilla MR. 2014. Volume sedimen dan valuasi ekonomi sumberdaya air embung di Kota Kupang. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan. 12(2):118-128.
Dobraja K, Barisa A, Rosa M. 2016. Cost-benefit analysis of integrated approach of waste and energy management. Energy Procedia. 95:104-111.
Ghinea C, Gavrilescu M. 2016. Costs analysis of municipal solid waste management scenarios: IASI-Romania Case Study. Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management. 24:185-199.
IPCC. 2006. Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories – A primer. Japan (JP): Prepared by the National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme (IGES).
Kawai M, Purwanti IF, Nagao N, Slamet A, Hermana J, Toda T. 2012. Seasonal variation in chemical properties and degradability by anaerobic digestion of landfill leachate at Benowo in Surabaya, Indonesia. Journal of Environmental Management. 110:267-275.
Maulana H, Anggora S, Yulianto B. 2016. Kajian kondisi dan nilai ekonomi manfaat ekosistem terumbu karang di Pantai Wediombo, Kabupatan Gunung Kidul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan. 14(2):82-87.
Nugraha A, Sutjahjo SH, Amin AA. 2018. Persepsi dan partisipasi masyarakat terhadap pengelolaan sampah melalui bank sampah di Jakarta Selatan. Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan. 8(1):7-14.
Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan No. 69 Tahun 2013. Standar Tarif Pelayanan Kesehatan dalam Penyelenggaraan Program Jaminan Kesehatan. Tanggal
Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup No. 12 Tahun 2010. Pelaksanaan Pengendalian Pencemaran Udara di Daerah. Tanggal 26 Maret 2010.
Peraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum No. 3 Tahun 2013. Penyelenggaraan Prasarana dan Sarana Persampahan dalam Penanganan Sampah Rumah Tangga dan Sampah Sejenis Sampah Rumah Tangga. Tanggal 14 Maret 2013.
Peraturan Presiden No. 97 Tahun 2017. Kebijakan dan Strategi Nasional Pengelolaan Sampah Rumah Tangga dan Sampah Sejenis Sampah Rumah Tangga.Tanggal 24 Oktober 2017.
Pieter J, Benu F, Kaho MR. 2015. Valuasi ekonomi ekowisata terhadap pengembangan objek wisata kawasan pesisir pantai. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan. 13(1):55-64.
Raharjo S, Sitorus SRP, Suwandi. 2018. Analisis potensi lahan dan strategi pengembangan sawah baru secara berkelanjutan di Kecamatan Jatigede, Kabupaten Sumedang, Provinsi Jawa Barat. Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan. 8(1):26-35.
Sanchez VM, Kromann MA, Astrup TF. 2014. Life cycle costing of waste management systems: Overview, calculation principles and case studies. Waste Management. 36:343-355.
Setiyani AD, Fraiture C, Susanto RH, Duker A. 2018. Economic valuation for water supply from Merapi Volcano National Park (Case study: Kali Kuning Sub Watershed). Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan. 7(1):29-36.
Standar Nasional Indonesia. SNI 19-3964-1994. Metode Pengambilan dan Pengukuran Contoh Timbulan Sampah Perkotaan. Jakarta: Badan Standardisasi Nasional.
USEPA. 2017. The Social Cost of Carbon: Estimating the Benefits of Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions. [diunduh 2018 Apr 26]. Tersedia pada: https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/climatechange/social-cost-carbon_.html.
Authors
ChaerulM. and RahayuS. A. (2019) “Cost Benefit Analysis dalam Pengembangan Fasilitas Pengolahan Sampah: Studi Kasus Kota Pekanbaru”, Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management). Bogor, ID, 9(3), pp. 710-722. doi: 10.29244/jpsl.9.3.710-722.
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