Kerentanan Penghidupan Masyarakat Pesisir Perkotaan Terhadap Variabilitas Iklim (Studi Kasus di Kota Kupang)
Article Sidebar
Accepted
25 July 2019
Published
22 October 2019
Keywords:
-
climate change, livelihoods vulnerability, coastal city areas
Abstract
Adaptation to climate change cannot be separated from the climatic conditions and vulnerability of local communities. This study aims to determine the vulnerability of household livelihoods in urban coastal areas to climate variability. This research was conducted in coastal city of Kupang. Community livelihood vulnerability analysis using vulnerability index (LVI and LVI-IPCC). In addition, an analysis of climate variability of rainfall and average temperature from 1988-2017 was also carried out. The results of the study show that climate variability is seen in decreases in rainfall and and increase in surface temperature in the past 30 years. The LVI and LVI-IPCC scores also show the vulnerability of livelihoods on a medium scale in three sample villages. Climate variability in urban coasts can have an impact on coastal communities on the components of livelihood strategies, food, homes and land and water which are generally influenced by climatic factors. Non-vulnerable components such as health support the vulnerable components as part of the adaptation process
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Sitompul Z, Nurjani E. 2013. Pengaruh el nino southern oscillation (ENSO) terhadap curah hujan musiman dan tahunan di Indonesia. JBI. 2(1): 11-18.
Siubelan YC, Murtilaksono K, Lubis DP. 2015. Dinamika keruangan pesisir Kota Kupang Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. JPSL. 5(1): 71-79.
Smit B, Wandel J. 2006. Adaptation, adaptive capacity and vulnerability. Glob Env Chan. 16(3): 282-292.
Subair, Kolopaking LM, Adiwibowo S, Pranowo MB. 2014. Adaptasi perubahan iklim komunitas desa: studi kasus di kawasan pesisir utara Pulau Ambon. Komunitas. 6(1): 57-69.
Suroso DSA, Hadi TW, Latief H, Riawan E. 2011. Pola kerentanan pesisir Indonesia terhadap dampak perubahan iklim sebagai basis perencanaan adaptasi. Tataloka. 13(2): 108-118.
Susandi A, Herlianti I, Tamamadin M, Nurlela I. 2008. Dampak perubahan iklim terhadap ketinggian muka laut di wilayah Banjarmasin. J Ekon Lingk. 12(2): 1-8.
Windari EH, Faqih A, Hermawan E. 2012. El nino modoki dan pengaruhnya terhadap perilaku curah hujan monsunal di Indonesia. Jurnal Meteorologi dan Geofisika. 13(3): 149-160.
WorldBank. 2009. Adaptasi terhadap perubahan iklim. [internet]. [diunduh 21 Jul 2017]. Tersedia pada: http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/525701468044638336/Adaptasi-terhadap-perubahan-iklim.
[Synthesis Report]. Jakarta=: Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional.
[Bappenas] Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional. 2010. Indonesia Climate Change Sectoral Roadmap - ICCSR: Basis Saintifik: Analisis dan Proyeksi Curah Hujan dan Temperatur. Jakarta: Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional.
[BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik. 2016. Statistik Sumber Daya Laut dan Pesisir 2016. Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik.
[BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik. 2017. Kota Kupang dalam Angka 2017. Kupang: Badan Pusat Statistik Kota Kupang.
[BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik. 2017. Statistik Indonesia 2017. Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik.
[Dinkes] Dinas Kesehatan. 2017. Profil Kesehatan Kota Kupang Tahun 2016. Kupang: Dinas Kesehatan Kota Kupang.
[IPCC] Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. 2007. Climate Change 2007 – Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[IPCC] Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. 2014. Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[IPCC] Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. 2014. Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part B: Regional Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[KLHK] Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan. 2015. SIDIK: Sistem Informasi Data Indeks Kerentanan. Jakarta: Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan.
[Setneg] Sekretariat Negara. 2007. Undang-Undang Nomor 27 tentang Wilayah Pesisir dan Pulau-Pulau Kecil. Lembaran Negara RI Tahun 2007, Nomor 84. Jakarta: Sekretariat Negara Republik Indonesia.
Adiningtyas W, Kuswardono T, Heo M, Messakh O. 2010. Migram Miskin Tak Ber-Aset di Kota Kupang Kupang: Perkumpulan Pikul.
Aldrian E, Karmini M, Budiman. 2011. Adaptasi dan Mitigasi Perubahan Iklim di Indonesia. Jakarta: Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi dan Geofisika (BMKG).
Araos M, Berrang-Ford L, Ford JD, Austin SE, Biesbroek R, Lesnikowski A. 2016. Climate change adaptation planning in large cities: a systematic global assessment. Env Sc Pol. 66: 375-382.
Cortekar J, Bender S, Brune M, Groth M. 2016. Why climate change adaptation in cities needs customised and flexible climate services. Clim Serv. 4: 42-51.
Dahuri R, Rais J, Ginting SP, Sitepu MJ. 2001. Sumber Daya Wilayah Pesisir dan Lautan Secara Terpadu. Jakarta: Balai Pustaka.
De Rozari MB, Hidayati R, Manan ME. 1992. Perubahan iklim di Indonesia. J Agrom Ind. 8(1): 1-8.
Diouf A, Gaye AT. 2015. A Methodological Framework for Building an Index for Vulnerability Assessment in Rainfed Agriculture. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
Diposaptono S, Budiman, Agung F. 2013. Menyiasati Perubahan Iklim di Wilayah Pesisir dan Pulau-Pulau Kecil. Bogor: Sains Pr.
Fadholi A. 2013. Studi dampak el nino dan indian ocean dipole (IOD) terhadap curah hujan di Pangkalpinang. JIL. 11(1): 43-50.
Hahn MB, Riederer AM, Foster SO. 2009. The livelihood vulnerability index: a pragmatic approach to assessing risks from climate variability and change—a case study in Mozambique. Glob Env Ch. 19(1): 74-88.
Hidayat R, Ando K. 2014. Variabilitas curah hujan Indonesia dan hubungannya dengan enso/iod: estimasi menggunakan data jra-25/jcdas. J Agrom Ind. 28(1): 1-8.
Hunt A, Watkiss P. 2011. Climate change impacts and adaptation in cities: a review of the literature. Clim Chan. 104(1): 13-49.
Lassa J, Djalante R, Turner-Walker S, Schumacher J, Berenter J, Keller M. 2014. Assessing Climate Change Adaptation In Indonesia: A Review Of Climate Vulnerability Assessments Conducted By Usaid/Indonesia Partners (2010-2013) [laporan]. South Arlington (US): United States Agency for International Development.
Moser C, Norton A, Stein A, Georgieva S. 2010. Pro-Poor Adaptation to Climate Change in Urban Centers. Washington (US): The World Bank/Sustainable Development Network Social Development Department.
Nur’utami MN, Hidayat R. 2016. Influences of iod and enso to Indonesian rainfall variability: role of atmosphere-ocean interaction in the Indo-pacific sector. Proc Env Sc. 33: 196-203.
Pujiono E. 2015. Penilaian tingkat kerentanan sumber daya air terhadap variabilitas iklim di das Aesesa, Pulau Flores, Nusa Tenggara Timur. Jurnal Penelitian Sosial dan Ekonomi Kehutanan. 12(3): 177-195.
Satria A. 2015. Pengantar Sosiologi Masyarakat Pesisir. Bogor: Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia.
Shah KU, Dulal HB, Johnson C, Baptiste A. 2013. Understanding livelihood vulnerability to climate change: applying the livelihood vulnerability index in Trinidad and Tobago. Geoforum. 47: 125-137.
Sitompul Z, Nurjani E. 2013. Pengaruh el nino southern oscillation (ENSO) terhadap curah hujan musiman dan tahunan di Indonesia. JBI. 2(1): 11-18.
Siubelan YC, Murtilaksono K, Lubis DP. 2015. Dinamika keruangan pesisir Kota Kupang Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. JPSL. 5(1): 71-79.
Smit B, Wandel J. 2006. Adaptation, adaptive capacity and vulnerability. Glob Env Chan. 16(3): 282-292.
Subair, Kolopaking LM, Adiwibowo S, Pranowo MB. 2014. Adaptasi perubahan iklim komunitas desa: studi kasus di kawasan pesisir utara Pulau Ambon. Komunitas. 6(1): 57-69.
Suroso DSA, Hadi TW, Latief H, Riawan E. 2011. Pola kerentanan pesisir Indonesia terhadap dampak perubahan iklim sebagai basis perencanaan adaptasi. Tataloka. 13(2): 108-118.
Susandi A, Herlianti I, Tamamadin M, Nurlela I. 2008. Dampak perubahan iklim terhadap ketinggian muka laut di wilayah Banjarmasin. J Ekon Lingk. 12(2): 1-8.
Windari EH, Faqih A, Hermawan E. 2012. El nino modoki dan pengaruhnya terhadap perilaku curah hujan monsunal di Indonesia. Jurnal Meteorologi dan Geofisika. 13(3): 149-160.
WorldBank. 2009. Adaptasi terhadap perubahan iklim. [internet]. [diunduh 21 Jul 2017]. Tersedia pada: http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/525701468044638336/Adaptasi-terhadap-perubahan-iklim.
Authors
LedohL., SatriaA. and HidayatR. (2019) “Kerentanan Penghidupan Masyarakat Pesisir Perkotaan Terhadap Variabilitas Iklim (Studi Kasus di Kota Kupang)”, Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management). Bogor, ID, 9(3), pp. 758-770. doi: 10.29244/jpsl.9.3.758-770.
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