PENDUGAAN PARAMETER DEMOGRAFI DAN PREFERENSI HABITAT TANGKASI (Tarsius lariang) DI KAWASAN TAMAN NASIONAL LORE LINDU
Article Sidebar
Accepted
22 January 2019
Published
22 April 2019
Abstract
Tarsius lariang, also called tangkasi is one of the endemic animals which is found in Lore Lindu National Park (LLNP). The threat to the tarsius population are the limitation of the distribution area, the escalation of forests exploitation, and hunting. People around the forest tend to think the tangkasi as a pest which eats cultivated plants. Therefore, population and habitat research is important. The purpose of this study is to estimate the demographic parameters and identify the characteristics of the habitat of the tangkasi, so that it can be known that the habitat component is important for the existence of the tangkasi in LLNP. The results of this study indicate the density of individual tangkasi across the LLNP region is 95.55 individuals per km². Individual density on Primary Dryland Forest Cover (PDFC) was 80.21 individuals per km² and in Dryland Secondary Forest (DSF) cover was 218.29 individuals per km², which still in normal level. The population density of tangkasi groups in the LLNP area is 35 groups per km², for the PDFC 32 and for the DSF of 54 groups per km². The total population of tangkasi based on age structure located in the research area of LLNP, PDFC, and DSF shows that the age of the juvenile is very low compared to the sub-adult age classes. It shows that tangkasi population is decreasing (regressive population). The preferred habitat of the tangkasi is the type of Dryland Secondary Forest (SDF) with a very steep slope of < 45% and altitude between 1301 and 1800 m asl.
References
[1] Brockelman, WY, Ali R. 1987. Methods of Sur-veying and Sampling Forest Primate Popula-tion. Di dalam: Mars, C.W dan R.A. Mittermeier (eds.). 1987. Primate Conservation in The Tropi-cal Rain Forest. New York (US): Alan R. Liss, Inc. 22–62.
[2] Caughley G. 1977. Analysis of Vertebrate popu-lation. London (UK): John Wiley & Sons.
[3] Duma Y, Rosyid A, Rusyianton Y, Tanari M. 2010. Survey populasi Tarsius (T. dianae) di To-ro Taman Nasional Lore Lindu Sulawesi Ten-gah. Di dalam: Umra, Yusran, Kassa S, Golar, Nurdin, Barus HN, Duma Y, Najib M, Jaya B, Nasmiah, Hatta U, Kasim A, Pattadungan YS editor. Optimalisasi pengelolaan sumberdaya Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah melalui penelitian menuju Universitas Tadulako unggul dalam pengabdian kepada masyarakat tahun 2020; 2010 Okt 21; Palu, Indonesia. Yogyakarta (ID): Penerbit Pustaka Timur Yogyakarta.169-175.
[4] Fiedler K. 2005. Moths at tropical forest margins – How megadiverse assemblages respond to for-est use and recovery. Di dalam: Stietenroth D, Lorenz W, Tarigan S, Malik A, editor. Interna-tional Symposium The Stability of Tropical Rainforest Margins: Linking Ecological, Eco-nomic and Social Constraints of Land Use and Conservation; 2005 Sept 19-23; Jerman. Jerman (DE): George-August-University of Goettin-gen.hlm 21.
[5] Fodgen MLP. 1974. A preliminary field study of the western tarsier, Tarsius bancanus Horsfield; in Martin RD, Doyle GA, Walker AC Editor: Prosemian Biology. London, Duckworth pp151-165.
[6] Gursky S. 2002. The behavioral ecology of the spectral Tarsier, Tarsius spectrum. Evol An-throp11: 226–234.
[7] Gursky S. 2002. Determinant of gregariousness in the spectral tarsier (Prosimian: Tarsius spectral). J. Zool. Lond 2002 (256) 401-410
[8] Grow BN. 2003. Altitudinal effects on the behav-ior and morphology of Pygmy tarsiers (Tarsius pumilus) in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia [dis-ertasi]. Texas (USA): Texas A&M University.
[9] Harcourt CS, Nash LT. 1986. Social organization of galagos in Kenyan coastal forests: I. Galagos zanzibaricus. American Journal of Primatology. 10, 339-335
[10] [IUCN] International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. 2014. Red list of threatened species. [Internet]. [diakses 2017 September 22]. Tersedia pada: http://www.iucnredlist.org/photos/2014.
[11] Johnson RA, Bhattacharyya GK. 1992. Statis-tics: Principles and Methodes. Second Edition. United States of America (US): John Wiley & Sons.
[12] Kappeler P, Ganzhorn J. 1993. Lemur social system and their ecologycal basis. Plenum press, Newyork, USA.
[13] Kusumanegara A, Kartono AP, Prasetyo LB. 2017. Preferensi Habitat Surili di Taman Nasional Gunung Ciremai. J Medkon Vol 22 (1); 26-34.
[14] Leksono SM, Masala Y, Shekelle M. 1997. Tarsier and Agriculture: Throught on an integrateg management plan. Sulawesi primate newslet; 4: 11-13.
[15] Merker S, Mühlenberg M. 2000. Traditional land-use and tarsier-human influences on popu-lation densities of Tarsius dianae. Folia Primato-logica. 71:426–428.
[16] Merker S, Yustian I, Muhlenberg M. 2005. Responding to forest degradation: altered habitat use by Dian’s tarsier (Tarsius dianae) in Sulawesi, Indonesia. Oryx Vol 39 (2) 189-195
[17] Merker S, Groves CP. 2006. Tarsius lariang: A New Primate Species from Western Central Su-lawesi. Inter J Prim. 27:465–485.
[18] Neu CW, Byers CR, Peek JM. 1974. A Technique for analysis of utilization availability data. J Wildlife Manag. 38(3):541–545.
[19] Niemitz C. 1979. Results of a field study on the western tarsier (Tarsius bancanus borneanus Horsfield, 1821) in Sarawak. Sarawak Museum Journal 27: 171–228.
[20] Niemtz C. 1979. Outline of the behavior of Tarsius bancanus , in Doyle GA, Martin ED Editor: The Study of Prosimian Behavior. Newyork Academic Press. 631-660
[21] Niemtz C. 1984. Activity rhythms and use of space in semi wild bornean tarsier, with remark on wild spectral tarsier. In Neimtz C Editor. Biology of Tarsier. Stuttgart, Fischer 85-115.
[22] O’Brien TG, Kinnard MF, Nurcahyo A, Iqbal M, Rusmanto M. 2004. Abundance and distribution of sympatric gibbons in the treathened Sumatran rain forest. Inter J Prim. 25(2):267–284.
[23] Patel N. 2015. Abundance, diversity and im-portance of some insects in grasslands of Indian arid zone. Proceedings XXIII International Grassland Congress [internet]. [2015 New Delhi, India]. New Delhi (IN).
[24] Rinaldi D. 1992. Penggunaan Metode Triangle dan Concentration Count dalam Penelitian Seb-aran dan Populasi Gibbon (HYLOBATIDAE). Media Konservasi: 4(1):9–12.
[25] Rowe N. 1996. The pictorial guide to the living primates. New York (US): Posonias pr.
[26] Santoso N. 1993. Studi populasi dan perilaku monyet ekor panjang (Macaca fascicularis) di Pulau Tinjil Jawa barat [tesis]. Bogor (ID): Insti-tut Pertanian Bogor.
[27] Supriatna J, Wahyono EH. 2000. Primata Indo-nesia. Panduan Lapangan. Jakarta (ID): Yayasan Obor Indonesia.
[28] Tarumingkeng RC. 1994. Dinamika populasi: Kajian ekologi kuantitatif. Jakarta (ID): Pustaka Sinar Harapan & Universitas Kristen Krida Wacana.
[29] Yustian I. 2006. Population density and the conservation status of Belitung’s tarsier Tarsius bancanus saltator on Belitung Island, Indonesia [Laporan penelitian the Rufford Small Grand]. Inderalaya (ID): Universitas Sriwijaya.
[2] Caughley G. 1977. Analysis of Vertebrate popu-lation. London (UK): John Wiley & Sons.
[3] Duma Y, Rosyid A, Rusyianton Y, Tanari M. 2010. Survey populasi Tarsius (T. dianae) di To-ro Taman Nasional Lore Lindu Sulawesi Ten-gah. Di dalam: Umra, Yusran, Kassa S, Golar, Nurdin, Barus HN, Duma Y, Najib M, Jaya B, Nasmiah, Hatta U, Kasim A, Pattadungan YS editor. Optimalisasi pengelolaan sumberdaya Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah melalui penelitian menuju Universitas Tadulako unggul dalam pengabdian kepada masyarakat tahun 2020; 2010 Okt 21; Palu, Indonesia. Yogyakarta (ID): Penerbit Pustaka Timur Yogyakarta.169-175.
[4] Fiedler K. 2005. Moths at tropical forest margins – How megadiverse assemblages respond to for-est use and recovery. Di dalam: Stietenroth D, Lorenz W, Tarigan S, Malik A, editor. Interna-tional Symposium The Stability of Tropical Rainforest Margins: Linking Ecological, Eco-nomic and Social Constraints of Land Use and Conservation; 2005 Sept 19-23; Jerman. Jerman (DE): George-August-University of Goettin-gen.hlm 21.
[5] Fodgen MLP. 1974. A preliminary field study of the western tarsier, Tarsius bancanus Horsfield; in Martin RD, Doyle GA, Walker AC Editor: Prosemian Biology. London, Duckworth pp151-165.
[6] Gursky S. 2002. The behavioral ecology of the spectral Tarsier, Tarsius spectrum. Evol An-throp11: 226–234.
[7] Gursky S. 2002. Determinant of gregariousness in the spectral tarsier (Prosimian: Tarsius spectral). J. Zool. Lond 2002 (256) 401-410
[8] Grow BN. 2003. Altitudinal effects on the behav-ior and morphology of Pygmy tarsiers (Tarsius pumilus) in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia [dis-ertasi]. Texas (USA): Texas A&M University.
[9] Harcourt CS, Nash LT. 1986. Social organization of galagos in Kenyan coastal forests: I. Galagos zanzibaricus. American Journal of Primatology. 10, 339-335
[10] [IUCN] International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. 2014. Red list of threatened species. [Internet]. [diakses 2017 September 22]. Tersedia pada: http://www.iucnredlist.org/photos/2014.
[11] Johnson RA, Bhattacharyya GK. 1992. Statis-tics: Principles and Methodes. Second Edition. United States of America (US): John Wiley & Sons.
[12] Kappeler P, Ganzhorn J. 1993. Lemur social system and their ecologycal basis. Plenum press, Newyork, USA.
[13] Kusumanegara A, Kartono AP, Prasetyo LB. 2017. Preferensi Habitat Surili di Taman Nasional Gunung Ciremai. J Medkon Vol 22 (1); 26-34.
[14] Leksono SM, Masala Y, Shekelle M. 1997. Tarsier and Agriculture: Throught on an integrateg management plan. Sulawesi primate newslet; 4: 11-13.
[15] Merker S, Mühlenberg M. 2000. Traditional land-use and tarsier-human influences on popu-lation densities of Tarsius dianae. Folia Primato-logica. 71:426–428.
[16] Merker S, Yustian I, Muhlenberg M. 2005. Responding to forest degradation: altered habitat use by Dian’s tarsier (Tarsius dianae) in Sulawesi, Indonesia. Oryx Vol 39 (2) 189-195
[17] Merker S, Groves CP. 2006. Tarsius lariang: A New Primate Species from Western Central Su-lawesi. Inter J Prim. 27:465–485.
[18] Neu CW, Byers CR, Peek JM. 1974. A Technique for analysis of utilization availability data. J Wildlife Manag. 38(3):541–545.
[19] Niemitz C. 1979. Results of a field study on the western tarsier (Tarsius bancanus borneanus Horsfield, 1821) in Sarawak. Sarawak Museum Journal 27: 171–228.
[20] Niemtz C. 1979. Outline of the behavior of Tarsius bancanus , in Doyle GA, Martin ED Editor: The Study of Prosimian Behavior. Newyork Academic Press. 631-660
[21] Niemtz C. 1984. Activity rhythms and use of space in semi wild bornean tarsier, with remark on wild spectral tarsier. In Neimtz C Editor. Biology of Tarsier. Stuttgart, Fischer 85-115.
[22] O’Brien TG, Kinnard MF, Nurcahyo A, Iqbal M, Rusmanto M. 2004. Abundance and distribution of sympatric gibbons in the treathened Sumatran rain forest. Inter J Prim. 25(2):267–284.
[23] Patel N. 2015. Abundance, diversity and im-portance of some insects in grasslands of Indian arid zone. Proceedings XXIII International Grassland Congress [internet]. [2015 New Delhi, India]. New Delhi (IN).
[24] Rinaldi D. 1992. Penggunaan Metode Triangle dan Concentration Count dalam Penelitian Seb-aran dan Populasi Gibbon (HYLOBATIDAE). Media Konservasi: 4(1):9–12.
[25] Rowe N. 1996. The pictorial guide to the living primates. New York (US): Posonias pr.
[26] Santoso N. 1993. Studi populasi dan perilaku monyet ekor panjang (Macaca fascicularis) di Pulau Tinjil Jawa barat [tesis]. Bogor (ID): Insti-tut Pertanian Bogor.
[27] Supriatna J, Wahyono EH. 2000. Primata Indo-nesia. Panduan Lapangan. Jakarta (ID): Yayasan Obor Indonesia.
[28] Tarumingkeng RC. 1994. Dinamika populasi: Kajian ekologi kuantitatif. Jakarta (ID): Pustaka Sinar Harapan & Universitas Kristen Krida Wacana.
[29] Yustian I. 2006. Population density and the conservation status of Belitung’s tarsier Tarsius bancanus saltator on Belitung Island, Indonesia [Laporan penelitian the Rufford Small Grand]. Inderalaya (ID): Universitas Sriwijaya.
Authors
RosyidA. (2019) “PENDUGAAN PARAMETER DEMOGRAFI DAN PREFERENSI HABITAT TANGKASI (Tarsius lariang) DI KAWASAN TAMAN NASIONAL LORE LINDU”, Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management). Bogor, ID, 9(1), pp. 144-151. doi: 10.29244/jpsl.9.1.144-151.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
