Dapatkah Pembayaran Jasa Lingkungan Mencegah Deforestasi dan Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat? Pelajaran dari Hutan Desa Laman Satong, Kabupaten Ketapang, Kalimantan Barat
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Accepted
6 May 2019
Published
2 December 2019
Abstract
In order to reduce deforestation, the Government of Indonesia has introduced several initiativies, including a Hutan Desa (village forest) program to bring local communities to become actor in the forest management. The Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation plus (REDD+) and Payment for Environmental Services (PES) scheme for the hutan desa is one of the alternative scheme to provide economic incentives for their effort to manage their forest sustainably. This study aims to evaluate the impact of the initiation of REDD+ and PES funds for hutan desa to deforestation and community wellbeing. The impact to deforestation is measured through quantitative approach by comparing quantitatively forest cover on 1070ha of village forest through satelite image analysis. The impact to community wellbeing is measured through participatory wellbeing assessment involving 30 informants during a focus group discussion. An attribution to the variables are conducted qualitatively by in-depth interviews to 25 key informants. The result shows eventhough the benefit provided by the initiation of REDD+ and PES (the money) is much less than the opportunity cost, the community is still accepting the scheme and succeeds reducing deforestation. However, the benefit is not sufficient enough yet to improve community wellbeing.
References
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Torpey-Saboe N, Andersson K, Mwangi E, Persha L, Salk CW. 2015. Benefit Sharing Among Local Resource Users: The Role of Property Rights. World Dev. 72: 408-418.
Wunder S. 2009. Can payments for environmental services reduce deforestation and forest degradation? Di dalam A. w.-K. Angelsen. 2009. Realising REDD+: National strategy and policy options (hlm 213-224). Bogor : CIFOR.
Yayasan Resource Development Center. 2009. Peluang Pemanfaatan Potensi Karbon Hutan Dalam Isu Perubahan Iklim. Jakarta: Forest Governance and Multistakeholder Forestry Programme (MFP) II.
[BSN] Badan Standardisasi Nasional. 2010. SNI 7645:2010 tentang Klasifikasi penutup lahan. Badan Standardisasi Nasional. Jakarta : Badan Standardisasi Nasional.
[FFI] Fauna & Flora International. 2012. Plan Vivo Project Idea Note (PIN): Community Forest Ecosystem Services, Indonesia. Jakarta : Fauna & Flora International.
[FFI] Fauna & Flora International. 2015. Plan Vivo annual report 2015: Laman Satong Village Forest Carbon Project. Jakarta : Fauna & Flora International
Afiff S, Purwanto SA, Utami S, Haryono, Nugroho AC, Rokhdian AD. 2011. Kajian sosial dan kelembagaan terkait dengan pengelolaan hutan dalam Skema REDD di Kabupaten Ketapang, Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Jakarta : Pusat Kajian Antropologi, FISIP, Universitas Indonesia.
Bond I, Grieg-Gran M, Wertz-Kanounnikoff S, Hazlewood P, Wunder S, Angelson A. 2009. Incentives to sustain forest ecosystem services: a review and lessons for REDD. London (UK), Bogor. Washington : International Institute for Environment and Development, London, UK with CIFOR, Bogor, Indonesia, and World Resources Institute, Washington D.C., USA.
Departemen Kehutanan dan Badan Pusat Statistik. 2007. Identifikasi Desa dalam Kawasan Hutan. 2007. Jakarta : Departemen Kehutanan dan Badan Pusat Statistik.
Hutabarat J, Rachmansah A. 2013. Community forest ecosystem service V.1.3. (intervention: avoided deforestation and forest conservation on mineral soil). Plan Vivo Technical Specification. Jakarta : Fauna & Flora International.
Kaczan D, Swallow M, Adamowicz V. 2013. Designing a payments for ecosystem services (PES) program to reduce deforestation in Tanzania: An assessment of payment approaches. Ecol Econ. 95: 20-30.
Lapeyrea R, Pirardb R, Leimona B. 2015. Payments for environmental services in Indonesia: What if economic signals were lost in translation? Land Use Policy. 46: 283-291.
Leimona B, Joshi L. 2009. Can rewards for environmental services benefit the poor? Lessons from Asia. Int J Commons. 3: 82-107.
Pemerintah Indonesia. 2009. Undang-Undang No. 32 tahun 2009 tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup. Jakarta: Sekretariat Negara.
Pemerintah Indonesia. 2014. Peraturan Menteri Kehutanan Republik Indonesia Nomor: P.89/Menhut-II/2014 Tentang Hutan Desa. Jakarta: Kementerian Kehutanan.
Rositah E. 2006. Governance Brief: Kemiskinan Masyarakat Desa sekitar Hutan dan Penanggulangannya. Bogor : CIFOR.
Tacconi L, Mahanty S, Suich H. 2013. The Livelihood Impacts of Payments for Environmental Services and Implications for REDD+. Soc Natur Resour. 26 (6): 733-744.
Tacconi L. 2012. Redefining Payments for Environmental Services. Ecol Econ. 73: 29-36.
Torpey-Saboe N, Andersson K, Mwangi E, Persha L, Salk CW. 2015. Benefit Sharing Among Local Resource Users: The Role of Property Rights. World Dev. 72: 408-418.
Wunder S. 2009. Can payments for environmental services reduce deforestation and forest degradation? Di dalam A. w.-K. Angelsen. 2009. Realising REDD+: National strategy and policy options (hlm 213-224). Bogor : CIFOR.
Yayasan Resource Development Center. 2009. Peluang Pemanfaatan Potensi Karbon Hutan Dalam Isu Perubahan Iklim. Jakarta: Forest Governance and Multistakeholder Forestry Programme (MFP) II.
Authors
NugrohoC., SupriatnaJ. and KusworoA. (2019) “Dapatkah Pembayaran Jasa Lingkungan Mencegah Deforestasi dan Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat? Pelajaran dari Hutan Desa Laman Satong, Kabupaten Ketapang, Kalimantan Barat”, Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management). Bogor, ID, 9(4), pp. 882-892. doi: 10.29244/jpsl.9.4.882-892.
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