PEMAKAIAN BIOGAS: HEMAT BIAYA BAHAN BAKAR DAN TAMBAHAN PENDAPATAN RUMAHTANGGA MENDUKUNG KETAHANAN ENERGI
Abstract
Biogas diperoleh dari hasil olahan berbagai materi berbasis pertanian-terna merupakan bioenergi terbarukan (renewable energy), solusi substitusi migas (BBM) hingga ke tingkat industri. Semakin menyusutnya minyak bumi mengharuskan akselerasi penciptaan sumber energi alternatif yang mampu memenuhi kebutuhan energi migas yang semakin meningkat seiring pesatnya pertambahan penduduk dan sektor industri. Manajemen pengolahan dan pemanfaatan limbah pertanian dan peternakan dilakukan juga untuk meminimalisir dampak negatifnya dan memaksimalkan dampak keuntungan serta tetap memperhatikan keseimbangan sistem produksi dengan lingkungan hidup (biogas tidak mengeluarkan asap). Sludge sebagai hasil ikutan merupakan biofertilizer, yang tidak lagi mengundang parasit dan biji gulma, dan pupuk alternatif solusi pencegahan berbagai dampak pencemaran logam berat pada tanah. Dengan metode deduktif kualitatif, tulisan ini bertujuan mengemukakan secara komprehensif perlunya akselerasi penggunaan biogas sebagai pemanfaatan bioenergi untuk dalam rangka mendukung ketahanan energi, pemberdayaan ekonomi dan kelembagaan. Realisasi akselerasi dan efektivitas pengaplikasian biogas sebagai sumber energi alternatif yang relatif ekonomis dan efisien, bahkan dapat menghasilkan pendapatan tambahan dari pendistribusian energi listrik yang dihasilkan biogas ke pengguna lain yang membutuhkannya. Penggunaan biogas memungkinkan pengembangan konsep zero wasted management (dalam SITT) dan pengembangan konsep pertanian berkelanjutan yang mengintegrasikan berbagai aspek sosial ekonomi masyarakat pertanian dan aspek lingkungan. Penggunaan biogas merupakan pilihan tepat sebagai bioenergi dan pupuk, serta diperolehnya keuntungan ganda (multi margin), pemberdayaan ekonomi dan kelestarian lingkungan.
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