ANALISIS KELEMBAGAAN PENGELOLAAN PERIKANAN TANGKAP DI WADUK CIRATA
Abstract
Salah satu waduk di Jawa Barat yang berfungsi sebagai pembangkit lisrik Jawa-Bali adalah Waduk Cirata. Selain sebagai pembangkit listrik, waduk ini juga memiliki banyak manfaat bagi masyarakat. Salah satu manfaat yang dirasakan masyarakat dari Waduk Cirata adalah manfaat ekonomi sektor perikanan tangkap. Beberapa stakeholder mempunyai kepentingan berbeda dalam pemanfaatan sumberdaya waduk. Sistem pengelolaan yang tepat dan dapat mewadahi seluruh kepentingan stakeholder sangat diperlukan untuk menjaga kelestarian sumberdaya ikan dan lingkungan waduk. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) mengestimasi potensi ekonomi perikanan tangkap di Waduk Cirata, (2) menganalisis kelembagaan pengelolaan perikanan tangkap di Waduk Cirata, (3) menganalisis persepsi stakeholder terhadap aktivitas perikanan tangkap di Waduk Cirata. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis konten/isi kelembagaan dan analisis persepsi stakeholder menggunakan skala likert. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kelembagaan pengelolaan perikanan tangkap Waduk Cirata hanya terdiri atas aturan formal saja. Aturan tersebut telah mengatur seluruh kebutuhan stakeholder pengelola dan pemanfaat sumberdaya ikan. Stakeholder yang terlibat secara langsung dalam pengelolaan dan pemanfaatan sumberdaya ikan terdiri atas pemerintah, swasta, penegak hukum, akademisi, dan masyarakat. Perbedaan persepsi stakeholder terlihat antara pemerintah dan pelaku usaha yaitu mengenai kejelasan aturan main. Kondisi perikanan tangkap Waduk Cirata dari tahun 2010 sampai 2015 cenderung berfluktuasi. Potensi sumberdaya ikan Waduk Cirata pada tahun 2014 dan 2015 secara berturut-turut sebesar 3.511,38 ton dan 3.583,41 ton dengan nilai produksi sebesar 28,39 miliar rupiah dan 29,06 miliar rupiah.Kata kunci: Waduk Cirata, stakeholder, Kelembagaan, Perikanan Tangkap
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