PEMBANGUNAN GIANT SEA WALL: BERMANFAATKAH BAGI MASYARAKAT PERIKANAN ?
Abstract
RINGKASAN
Pembangunan Giant Sea Wall (GSW) di Teluk Jakarta merupakan program lintas kementerian, yang dirancang untuk mendukung perekonomian dan mengendalikan banjir di Jakarta. Permasalahan GSW tersebut, tidak hanya terkait dengan aspek teknis kontruksi dan lingkungan, tetapi terkait juga dengan aspek sosial ekonomi tentang investasi dan pertumbuhan usaha perikanan. Saat ini, pada kawasan itu terdapat berbagai investasi dan lapangan usaha perikanan. Data statistik, menunjukkan peran lapangan usaha perikanan dalam perekonomian Jakarta Utara menurun dari 0,10% pada tahun 2006 menjadi 0,08% pada tahun 2012. Penurunan peran ini, bukan berarti lapangan usaha perikanan ini tidak penting. Selama ini, lapangan usaha perikanan di kawasan itu merupakan sabuk pengaman yang mampu menyediakan lapangan kerja untuk 30 ribu orang dari berbagai kelompok masyarakat di Teluk Jakarta. Invasi investasi sekitar Rp. 600 triliun untuk pembangunan GSW sampai tahun 2030, merupakan instrumen fiskal penting yang dapat mempercepat tumbuhnya perekonomian di kawasan tersebut. Instrumen ini menurut beberapa pihak, dapat menjadi stimulus pembangunan, namun pihak lain menganggap, dapat menjadi “jebakan fiskal untuk sektor perikanan”. Tulisan ini melihat, pembangunan GSW tersebut membuka peluang usaha baru bagi masyarakat perikanan. Namun, untuk memanfaatkan peluang itu diperlukan berbagai kebijakan yang inovatif.
Kata kunci : giant sea wall, demografi, nelayan, pembudidaya, pengolah
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