STRES PENGASUHAN, PENILAIAN IBU TERHADAP COVID-19, DAN PENGASUHAN SUPORTIF
Abstract
Ibu, sebagai pengasuh utama anak, dapat mengalami stres pengasuhan yang kemudian berdampak pada menurunnya pengasuhan yang suportif kepada anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penilaian negatif ibu mengenai Covid-19 terhadap hubungan antara stres pengasuhan dengan pengasuhan suportif. Desain penelitian ini adalah crossectional, dengan pendekatan penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian ini merupakan ibu yang memiliki anak berusia 2-18 tahun. Dengan teknik convenience sampling, diperoleh responden ibu sebanyak 272 orang, yang berusia 21-54 tahun (M=38,49, SD=6,59). Pengambilan data dilakukan menggunakan platform kuesioner online. Analisis regresi linear menunjukkan bahwa stres pengasuhan berpengaruh negatif terhadap pengasuhan suportif. Uji moderasi dengan Hayes PROCESS menunjukkan bahwa penilaian ibu mengenai dampak Covid-19 dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan dapat memperkuat hubungan negatif antara stres pengasuhan dan pengasuhan suportif pada kadar yang rendah, sedang, maupun tinggi. Dengan demikian, stres pengasuhan yang dialami ibu berdampak pada rendahnya pengasuhan suportif pada anak, dan pengasuhan suportif ibu akan lebih rendah apabila ibu menilai dirinya kesulitan memenuhi kebutuhan keluarga akibat pandemi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, diperlukan tindakan preventif untuk mencegah peningkatan stres pengasuhan ibu serta untuk mempertahankan penilaian positif ibu terhadap Covid-19 sebagai upaya meningkatkan pengasuhan yang suportif.
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