PENGARUH KARAKTERISTIK PEKERJA SOSIAL, PASANGAN, INTERAKSI SUAMI ISTRI, DAN KESEJAHTERAAN SUBJEKTIF TERHADAP KUALITAS PERKAWINAN PEKERJA SOSIAL
Abstract
Jakarta memiliki 28.819 kader PKK sampai tingkat Rukun Tetangga (RT) dan 70.902 kelompok dasawisma sebagai role model keluarga sejahtera bagi masyarakat di sekitarnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh karakteristik pekerja sosial dan pasangan, interaksi suami istri, dan kesejahteraan subjektif terhadap kualitas perkawinan pekerja sosial di Provinsi Jakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Contoh penelitian ini adalah pekerja sosial yang berprofesi sebagai kader Pemberdayaan dan Kesejahteraan Keluarga (PKK) tingkat kelurahan pada 10 kecamatan di Jakarta Timur. Sebanyak 100 pekerja sosial yang terdiri atas kelompok lama menikah ≤10 tahun dan >10 tahun dipilih menggunakan teknik disproportional random sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan metode self-report dan dianalisis dengan SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) dan SmartPLS (partial least squares). Uji t menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara pendapatan keluarga, pendidikan, interaksi suami istri, kesejahteraan subjektif, dan kualitas perkawinan pada kedua kelompok lama menikah. Rata-rata indeks interaksi suami istri dan kualitas perkawinan lebih tinggi dari kesejahteraan subyektif. Pendidikan dan pendapatan keluarga berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap interaksi suami istri. Kesejahteraan subjektif dan interaksi suami istri berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kualitas perkawinan. Interaksi suami istri melalui kesejahteraan subjektif berpengaruh secara tidak langsung terhadap kualitas perkawinan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terdapat pengaruh lama menikah terhadap kualitas perkawinan.
References
Adams, B. N., & Butler, J. E. (1967). Occupational status and husband-wife social participation. Social Forces, 45(4), 501-507. doi: 10.1093/sf/45.4.501.
Adamczyk, K., & Segrin, C. (2015). Perceived social support and mental health among single vs. partnered Polish young adults. Current Psychology, 34(1), 82-96. doi: 10.1007/s12144-014-9242-5.
Anderson, S., & Sabatelli, R. (2011). Family Interaction. United States of America, US: Pearson Education.
Anderson, W. A. (1943). The family and individual social participation. American Sociological Review, 8(4), 420-424. doi: 10.2307/2085803.
Anindya, A. S., & Soetjiningsih, C. H. (2017). Kepuasan perkawinan dengan kesejahteraan subjektif perempuan dengan profesi guru sekolah dasar. INSAN Jurnal Psikologi dan Kesehatan Mental, 2(1), 44-50. doi: 10.20473/jpkm.V2I12017.44-50.
[ATR/BPN] Agraria dan Tata Ruang/Kepala Badan Pertanahan Nasional. (2019). Total Luas Perkampungan Kumuh Hampir Separuh Luas DKI. [Internet]. Retrieved from https://jakarta.bisnis.com/read/20190527/77/927975/total-luas-perkampungan-kumuh-hampir-separuh-luas-dki.
[BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik. (2019). Berita Resmi Statistik: Tingkat Kemiskinan dan Ketimpangan di DKI Jakarta (Maret 2019) [Internet]. Retrieved from https://jakarta.bps.go.id/pressrelease/2019/01/15/332/tingkat-kemiskinan-dan-ketimpangan-2018--di-dki-jakarta-.html.
Bradbury, T. N., Fincham, F. D., & Beach, S. R. (2000). Research on the nature and determinants of marital satisfaction: A decade in review. Journal of Marriage and Family, 62(4), 964-980. doi: 10.1111/j.1741-3737.2000.00964.x.
Canel, A. N. (2013). The development of the marital satisfaction scale (MSS). Educational Sciences: Theory and Practice, 13(1), 97-117.
Carr, D., Freedman, V. A., Cornman, J. C., & Schwarz, N. (2014). Happy marriage, happy life? Marital quality and subjective well‐being in later life. Journal of Marriage and Family, 76(5), 930-948.
Carrere, S., Buehlman, K. T., Gottman, J. M., Coan, J. A., & Ruckstuhl, L. (2000). Predicting marital stability and divorce in Newlywed Couples. Journal of Family Psychology, 14(1), 42-58. doi: 10.1037/0893-3200.14.1.42.
Chan, C. G., & Elder Jr, G. H. (2001). Family influences on the social participation of youth: The effects of parental social involvement and farming. Rural sociology, 66(1), 22-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1549-0831.2001.tb00053.x.
Chuang, Y. C. (2005). Effects of interaction pattern on family harmony and well‐being: Test of interpersonal theory, relational‐models theory, and confucian ethics. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 8(3), 272-291. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-839X.2005.00174.x.
DeVellis, R. F., Lewis, M. A., & Sterba, K. R. (2003). Interpersonal emotional processes in adjustment to chronic illness. Social Psychological Foundations of Health and Illness, 1(1), 256-287. doi: 10.1002/9780470753552.ch10.
Dewi, E. M., Puspitawati, H., & Krisnatuti, D. (2019). the effect of social capital and husband-wife interaction on marital quality among familiesin early years and middle years marriage. Journal of Family Sciences, 3(1), 30-40. doi: 10.29244/jfs.3.1.30-40.
Hansen, T., Aartsen, M., Slagsvold, B., & Deindl, C. (2018). Dynamics of volunteering and life satisfaction in midlife and old age: Findings from 12 European countries. Social Sciences, 7(5), 78. doi: 10.3390/socsci7050078.
Haring-Hidore, M., Stock, W. A., Okun, M. A., & Witter, R. A. (1985). Marital status and subjective well-being: A research synthesis. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 47(4), 947-953. doi: 10.2307/352338.
Iskandar, A. (2012). Kebijakan dan implementasi pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui pabrik garam. Jurnal Sosial Humaniora, 3(1), 9-21. doi: 10.30997/jsh.v3i1.351.
Kartikasari, A., Anggraeni, M. D., Latifah, L., & Setiawati, N. (2019). The community health volunteers description in exclusive breastfeeding promotion and improved knowledge through training based on the concept of "Insufficient Milk Supply". In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science: IOP Publishing, 255(1), 012-026.
Komariah, N., Prijana, P., & Winoto, Y. (2018). Upaya pemberdayaan perempuan melalui pelatihan literasi informasi kesehatan pada ibu-ibu kader PKK di Kecamatan Jatinangor Kabupaten Sumedang. Dharmakarya, 7(1), 26-31.
Kusminah, I. L. (2018). Penyuluhan 4r (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Replace) dan kegunaan bank sampah sebagai langkah menciptakan lingkungan yang bersih dan ekonomis di Desa Mojowuku Kab. Gresik. JPM17: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 3(01), 22-28. doi: 10.30996/jpm17.v3i01.1165.g1003.
Lee, M. A. (2019). Volunteering and happiness: Examining the differential effects of volunteering types according to household income. Journal of Happiness Studies, 20(3), 795-814.
Littlepage, L., Obergfell, E., & Zanin, G. (2003). Family Volunteering: An Exploratory Study of the Impact On Families. Indianapolis, IN: Purdue University Indianapolis.
Marzuki, S. N. (2019). Relevansi kesejahteraan ekonomi keluarga dengan peningkatan perceraian di Kabupaten Bone. Al-Risalah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam (Ahwal Al-Syakhsiyah), 2(2).
Megapolitan.antaranews.com. (2017). Harapan Presiden Jokowi Kepada Para Kader PKK. Retrieved from https://megapolitan.antaranews.com/berita/33043/harapan-presiden-jokowi-kepada-para-kader-pkk.
Morrow-Howell, N., Hinterlong, J., Rozario, P. A., & Tang, F. (2003). Effects of volunteering on the well-being of older adults. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 58(3), S137-S145. doi: 10.1093/geronb/58.3.S137.
Niedzwiedz, C. L., Richardson, E. A., Tunstall, H., Shortt, N. K., Mitchell, R. J., & Pearce, J. R. (2016). The relationship between wealth and loneliness among older people across Europe: Is social participation protective? Preventive Medicine, 91(1), 24-31. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.07.016.
Riyanti, D., Prabowo, H., & Puspitawati, I. (1998). Psikologi Umum 2. Jakarta, ID: Universitas Gunadarma.
Schulz, M. S., Cowan, P. A., Pape-Cowan, C., & Brennan, R. T. (2004). Coming home upset: Gender, marital satisfaction, and the daily spillover of workday experience into couple interactions. Journal of Family Psychology, 18(1), 250. doi: 10.1037/0893-3200.18.1.250.
Syam, N. K., Nandang, H. M. Z., Al Farisi, S., & Day, J. I. (2015). Pelatihan parenting: Komunikasi pengasuhan anak usia dini bagi orang tua, pendidik dan Kader PKK di Desa Nagrog Cicalengka. Prosiding SNaPP: Sosial, Ekonomi dan Humaniora, 5(1), 165-172. doi: 10.1177/0265407510382061.
Umberson, D., Williams, K., Powers, D. A., Liu, H., & Needham, B. (2006). You make me sick: Marital quality and health over the life course. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 47(1), 1-16. doi: 10.1177/002214650604700101.
Wanyama, J. B. (2017). Exploring the influence of family structure on self-esteem and attitude toward violent crime among youth (Doctoral dissertation). Nairobi, KE: University of Nairobi
Williams, K. (2003). Has the future of marriage arrived? A contemporary examination of gender, marriage, and psychological well-being. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 44(4), 470-487. doi: 10.2307/1519794.
Wilson, M. G., Dejoy, D. M., Vandenberg, R. J., Richardson, H. A., & Mcgrath, A. L. (2004). Work characteristics and employee health and well‐being: Test of a model of healthy work organization. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 77(4), 565-588. doi: 10.1348/0963179042596522.
Yousefi, N., Etemadi, O., Bahrami, F., Fatehzadeh, M., Ahmadi, S. A., & Beshlideh, K. (2009). Structural relationships between self-differentiation and subjective wellbeing, mental health and marital quality. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (IJPBS), 3(2), 4-14. Retrieved from https://www.sid.ir/en/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?id=166327.
Yuliana, I. A. I., & Valentina, T. D. (2016). Dyadic coping dan kepuasan pernikahan pasangan suami 1istri dengan suami diabetes melitus tipe ii. Jurnal Psikologi Udayana, 3(2), 324-331. doi: 10.24843/JPU.2016.v03.i02.p14.
Zhang, Z., & Zhang, J. (2015). Social participation and subjective well-being among retirees in China. Social Indicators Research, 123(1), 143-160. doi: 10.1007/s11205-014-0728-1.
Copyright (c) 2021 Jurnal Ilmu Keluarga & Konsumen
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors submitting manuscripts should understand and agree that copyright of manuscripts published are held Jurnal Ilmu Keluarga dan Konsumen. The statement to release the copyright to Jurnal Ilmu Keluarga dan Konsumen is stated in Copyright Release Form. Copyright encompass exclusive rights to reproduce, to distribute, and to sell any part of the journal articles in all form and media. The reproduction of any part of this journal is allowed with a written permission from Jurnal Ilmu Keluarga dan Konsumen.
