EMPATI AFEKTIF: MEDIATOR PENGARUH KETERLIBATAN ORANG TUA TERHADAP PERAN DEFENDER REMAJA DALAM PERUNDUNGAN DI SEKOLAH
Abstract
Perundungan di sekolah telah menjadi suatu hal yang lazim sekarang ini meskipun bahaya perundungan terhadap perkembangan anak sudah cukup disadari. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh keterlibatan orang tua terhadap peran defender yang dimediasi oleh empati pada remaja dalam peristiwa perundungan di sekolah. Penelitian melibatkan 320 remaja (siswa SMP kelas 7 hingga 9) dengan rentang usia 12-15 tahun (52,5% perempuan dan 47,5% laki-laki) yang dipilih melalui teknik accidental sampling. Setiap partisipan diberi tiga alat ukur, yaitu keterlibatan orang tua, empati, dan peran defender dalam kasus perundungan di sekolah. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) dan proses Hayes Model 4. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi keterlibatan orang tua dalam kehidupan anak remajanya maka kecenderungan anak untuk menjadi defender pun semakin tinggi. Selain itu, empati afektif berpengaruh lebih kuat secara positif pada peran defender dibandingkan empati kognitif. Lebih jauh, hanya empati afektif yang memediasi secara parsial hubungan keterlibatan orang tua pada peran defender. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa orang tua perlu terlibat secara aktif di kehidupan remaja terutama dalam mengembangkan empati anak remajanya, khususnya empati afeksi, agar anak remaja mampu memilih peran sebagai defender untuk membela korban peristiwa perundungan di sekolah.
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