Stres, Strategi Koping dan Kesejahteraan Subjektif pada Keluarga Orang Tua Tunggal
Abstract
Single parent status in Indonesia is usually caused by two conditions, that are caused by divorce or
widowed/widower. Single parents who were involved in this research were single mothers caused by divorce.
The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of single-parent family characteristics, stress levels, and
coping strategies on subjective well-being. Respondents were 40 single mothers in Cilendek Barat and Sindang
Barang village, Bogor Barat Sub district and Kebon Pedes and Tanah Sareal village, Tanah Sareal Sub district,
Bogor City that were selected by purposive sampling. Data were collected through interviews with mothers using
questionnaires. The results showed that the cause of stress (stressor) with the highest average index was the
relationship with children. Factors that become stressors of the low of the relationship between parents and
children, were difficulties in managing children behavior, fighting among sibling, children disciplinary, difficulties in
caring of children, and difficulties in getting satisfaction from children. The signs of stress both the physical or
mentally experience of a single mother was still relatively low. Coping strategies were in a low category and
single mothers more often did coping strategies that focus on emotions. The results of the study found that almost
all single mothers had subjective well-being in the low category. Factors that had significant negative effect on the
subjective well-being of single mothers were family size and stress. Thence, programs that can help single
mothers in managing stress well will be very useful for optimizing subjective well-being.
References
[BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik. (2015). Persentase Penduduk Berumur 10 Tahun ke Atas menurut Provinsi, Jenis Kelamin, dan Status Perkawinan, 2009-2013. Jakarta, ID: BPS.
Aber, L., Bennet, N. G., & Lii J. (1997). The effect of poverty on child health and development. Rev Public Health, 18, 463-83. doi: 10.1146/annurev.publhealth.18.1.463
Amato, P. R., & Previti D. (2003). People’s reasons for divorcing: gender, social class, the life course, and adjustment. Journal of Family Issues. 24 (5): 602-606. doi: 10.1177/0192513X03254507
Broussard, C. A., Joseph, A. L., & Thompson, M. (2012). Stressors and coping strategies used by single mothers living in poverty. Affilia: Journal of Women and Social Work. 27 (2): 190-204. doi: 10.1177/08861099124438884.
Compas, B. E., & Williams, R. A. (1990). Stress, coping, and adjustment in mothers and young adolescents in single-and two-parent families. American Journal of Community Psychology. 18 (4): 525-545.
Dew, J. P., & Stewart, R. (2012). A financial issue, a relationship issue, or both? examining the predictors of marital financial conflict. Journal of Financial Therapy. 3 (1): 43-61. doi: 104148/jft.v3i1.1605
Faizah, B. A. G., & Azian, A. A. (2013). Profile of single mothers in southern Malaysia and issue afflicting their lives. British Journal of Arts and social Sciences. 16(1): 197-206
Fischer, J., & Corcoran, K. (2000). Measures for Clinical Pracice: A Sourcebook. New York (US): The Free Press.
Glassman, W. E., & Hadad, M. (2009). Approaches to Psychology. Berkshire (UK): McGraw-Hill Education
Hamid, S. R. A., & Salleh, S. (2013). Exploring single parenting process in Malaysia: issues and coping strategies. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences. 84 (2013): 1154-1159.doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.06.718
Hashim, I. H. M., Azmawati, A. A., & Endut, N. (2015). Stress, roles, and responsibilities of single mothers in Malaysia. SHS Web of Conference. doi: 10.1051/shsconf/20151803003
Herawati, T. (2012). Kajian manajemen sumberdaya keluarga dan ketahanan keluarga peserta program pemberdayaan masyarakat di pedesaan. (Disertasi). Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor, Indonesia.
Herbst, C. M. (2012). Footloose and fancy free? Two decades of single mothers’ subjective well-being. The University of Chicago Press and JSTOR. 86 (2): 189-222
Jenaabadi, H. (2014). The study and comparison of stress levels and coping strategies in parents of execptional and normal children in Zahedan. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences.114: 197-202.doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.684
Khan, F., & Aftab, S. (2013). Marital satisfaction and perceived social support as vulnerability factors to depression. American International Journal of Social Science. 2 (5): 99-107.
Koswara, H. (2009). Pengaruh stress pekerjaan terhadap keberfungsian keluarga pekerja di Kota Bandung. (Disertasi). Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor, Indonesia.
Kotwal & Prabhakar. (2009). Problem faced by single mother. J. Soc. Sci.,21(3):197-204
Larasati, A. (2012). Kepuasan perkawinan pada istri ditinjau dari keterlibatan suami dalam menghadapi tuntutan ekonomi dan pembagian peran dalam rumah tangga.Jurnal Psikoogi Pendidikan dan perkembangan Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Airlangga. 1(03):1-6
Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, Appraisal, and Coping. New York (US): Springer
Lewis, J. M., Reitz, L. J., & Wallerstein, J. S. (2004). Communication in Divorced and Single-Parent Families. Handbook of Family Communication. Anita L. Vangelisti, editor. London (EN): Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.
Lyon, B. L. (2012). Stress, Coping, and Health: A Conceptual Overview. Handbook of Stress, Coping, and Health. Virginia Hill Rice, editor. Detroit (US): SAGE Publications, Inc.
Mgbenkemdi, & Hyacinth, E. (2014). Influence of marital stress and coping strategies on depression among single parents in South-Eastern Nigeria. Journal of Social Sciences and Public Policy. 6 (1): 70-77.doi: 10.9790/0837-2207115471
Muflikhati, I. (2010). Analisis dan pengembangan model peningkatan kualitas sumber daya menusia dan kesejahteraan keluarga di wilayah pesisir Provinsi Jawa Barat (Disertasi). Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor, Indonesia.
Muflikhati, I., Hartoyo, Sumarwan, U., Fahrudin, A., & Puspitawati, H. (2012). Kondisi sosial ekonomi dan tingkat kesejahteraan keluarga: kasus di wilayah pesisir Jawa Barat. Jurnal Ilmu Keuarga dan Konsumen, 3 (1): 1-10.
Natovova, L., & Chylova, H. (2014). Is there a relationship between self-efficacy, well-being and behavioural markers in managing stress at university students?. ERIES Journal. 7(1): 14-18.doi: 10.7160/eriesj.2013.070302.
Odaci, H., & Cikrikci, O. (2012). University students’ ways of coping with stress, life satisfaction and subjective well-being.TOJCE: The Online Journal of Counseling and Education. 1(3): 118-131.
Pedak, M. (2009). Metode Supernol Menaklukkan Stress. Jakarta (ID): Hikmah.
Pickhardt, C. E. (2006). The Everything Parent’s Guide to Children and Divorce: Reassuring Advice to Help Your Family Adjust. Massachusetts (US): Adams Media.
Pujiastuti, R. D., & Lestari, S. (2008). Dinamika psikologis terjadinya perceraian pada perempuan bercerai. Jurnal Ilmiah Berkala Psikologis, 10: 16-27.doi: 10.30595/psychoidea.v7i1.169
Puspitawati, H. (2012). Gender dan Keluarga. Bogor (ID): IPB Press.
Puspitawati, H. (2013). Gender dan Keluarga: Konsep dan Realita di Indonesia. Bogor (ID): IPB Press.
Puspitawati, H., Sarma, M., Herawati, T., Latifah, M., & Moeljono, P. (2013). Kumpulan Panduan Sinergisme Keluarga dan Sekolah. Bogor (ID): IPB Press.
Ryan, K. (2013). How problem focused and emotion focused coping affects college students perceived stress and life satisfaction. (Thesis). Department of Psychology, DBS School of Art, Dublin.
Simanjuntak, M. (2010). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kesejahteraan keluarga dan prestasi belajar anak pada keluarga penerima Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) (Tesis). Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor, Indonesia.
Sukaidawati, L. (2015). Pengaruh konsep diri dan gaya pengasuhan ibu, serta kelekatan teman sebaya terhadap konsep diri remaja pada keluarga cerai dan utuh. (Disertasi). Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor, Indonesia.
Sum, K. L. (1996). The stress, social support, and psychological well-being of single-parent mothers. (Thesis). Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong.
Tinkler, L., & Hicks, S. (2011).Measuring subjective well-being.Suplementary paper. South Wales (UK): The Office for National Statistics United Kingdom.
Tyas, F. P. S., & Herawati, T. (2017). Kualitas pernikahan dan kesejahteraan keluarga menentukan kualitas lingkungan pengasuhan anak pada pasangan yang menikah usia muda. Jurnal Ilmu Keuarga dan Konsumen, 10 (1): 1-12.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.24156/jikk.2017.10.1.1.
Usakli, H. (2013). Comparison of single and two parents children in terms of behavioral tendencies. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science. 3 (8): 256-270
Winkelmann, R. (2004). Subjective Well-Being and the Family: Results from an Ordered Probit Model with Multiple Random Effects. [discussion paper]. University of Zurich dan Institute for the Study of Labor.
Yarber, A. D., & Sharp, P. M. (2010). Focus on Single-Parent Families: Past, Present, and Future. California (US): ABC-CLIO, LLC.
Yilmaz, H., Arslan, C., Saricaoglu, H., & Yilmaz, S. (2013). An investigation of subjective well-being in terms of coping with stress and decision-making in university students. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research.14 (9): 1143-1148.
Yimer M., Abera B., Mulu W., & Bezabih B. (2014). Knowledge, attitude and practices of high risk populations on louse-borne relapsing fever in Bahir Dar City, North-West Ethopia. Science Journal of Public Health, 2(1),15-22.doi: 10.11648/j.sjph.20140
Copyright (c) 2018 Jurnal Ilmu Keluarga & Konsumen
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors submitting manuscripts should understand and agree that copyright of manuscripts published are held Jurnal Ilmu Keluarga dan Konsumen. The statement to release the copyright to Jurnal Ilmu Keluarga dan Konsumen is stated in Copyright Release Form. Copyright encompass exclusive rights to reproduce, to distribute, and to sell any part of the journal articles in all form and media. The reproduction of any part of this journal is allowed with a written permission from Jurnal Ilmu Keluarga dan Konsumen.
