Kebutuhan Air Irigasi Empat Varietas Bawang Merah (Allium cepa L.) pada Musim Kering

Irrigation Water Requirement of Four Shallot Varieties (Allium cepa L.) in Dry Season

Abstract

Efforts to develop dry land shallot often face the problem of limited irrigation water. Research aimed to determine the effect of shallot varieties on growth, yield, and water requirements in dry season. The research was conducted at the Babakan Sawah Baru Experimental Farm, IPB Dramaga, Bogor, West Java in February-April 2023. The research used a randomized block design with a single factor of shallot varieties (Bima Brebes, Bauji, Tajuk, SS Sakato). Water requirement was calculated based on water balance, and water application was conducted manually. The results showed that plant height, number of shoots, leaves, and bulbs, evapotranspiration rate, and water requirements were determined by variety. Tuber productivity was statistically similar among varieties, 10.73-11.73 tonnes ha^-1. Varieties were divided into two groups, i.e., Tajuk and SS Sakato group required 2503.8-2549.3 m³ and Bima Brebes group required 2169.7 m3 ha^-1 equal to 4.17-4.25 mm per day and 3.62 mm per day. Amount of water for growing Bauji variety was in between the groups, i.e., 2317.4 m³. This research shows the prospect of water saving technology in shallots cultivation in dry land and anticipates negative impact of climate change.

Keywords: climate change, productivity, water saving technology, water use efficiency