Estimation of Genetic Diversity and Ld50 Determination of Red Onion (Allium cepa var ascalonicum. Linn) Variety of Bauji Results In Gamma Iradiation 60Co

Abstract

Shallots (Allium cepa var ascalonicum. Linn.) is a horticultural commodity with high economic value in Indonesia. The availability of high quality shallot bulb is necessary to increase the shallots productivity. In this case, to increase the productivity of shallots of the Bauji variety, genetic improvements can be made. Genetic improvement of plants can be done through plant breeding. Mutation breeding using gamma rays 60Co is done by determining the radiation dose according to the plant. This study aims to determine Lethal dose 20% (LD20) and 50% (LD50) and the effect of gamma rays 60Co on the diversity of shallot plants. This shallot bulbs were irradiated at the BATAN PAIR Laboratory and then they are planted in the Ketindan farmer’s garden, Lawang District, Malang Regency, East Java from October 2019 to January 2020. The experiment used gamma-ray dose treatment single factor consisting of 8 levels, namely 0 Gy to 7 Gy. The data of the research were analyzed using expert curves and for estimating genetic parameters using heritability, Coefficient of Genetic Diversity (KKG), and Coefficient of Phenotypic Diversity (KKF) values. The results showed that the LD20 and LD50 values of the Bauji variety were 43,527 Gy and 112,154 Gy. The estimated value of heritability, genetic diversity, and phenotype shows high criteria in almost all parameters.
Keywords: bauji varieties, lethal dose, mutants, pest resistance