Laju Tumbuh Umbi Tanaman Kentang Varietas Granola dan Supejohn di Dataran Medium dengan Pemulsaan

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Research on growth rate of two cultivars of potato c.v. Granola and Supejohn at medium altitude using mulching methods was conducted at Paslaten village, Subdistrict of West Langowan, District of Minahasa, North Sulawesi. Research location was at medium altitude of 750 m above sea level. The objectives of this research were to determine growth rate of potato tuber grown at medium altitude and the most suitable mulch. The research was arranged in a randomized complete block design with two treatments and three replications. The first factor was potato cultivars (Granola and Supejohn) and second factor was mulching methods (no mulch, straw mulch and black silver plastic). Research result showed that straw mulch treatment increased growth rate of Granola and Supejohn cultivars 0.87 g plant^-1 day^-1 and 0.73 g plant^-1 day^-1, respectively while black silver plastic treatment only increased the growth rate of Granola and Supejohn cultivars 0.70 g plant^-1 day^-1and 0.59 g plant^-1 day^-1, respectively. The highest tuber dry weight was achieved by straw mulch. The best treatment was Granola grown in straw mulch. The lowest growth rate occurred at the mulch treatment which were 0.49 g plant^-1 day^-1 for Granola cultivar and 0.47 g plant^-1 day^-1 for Supejohn cultivar.

Keywords: black silver plastic mulch, dry weight, growth rate, potato, straw mulch   

ABSTRAK

Penelitian tentang laju tumbuh tanaman kentang dengan 2 (dua) varietas yaitu Granola dan Supejohn di dataran medium dengan menggunakan mulsa dilakukan di Desa Paslaten, Kecamatan Langowan Barat, Kabupaten Minahasa Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Lokasi penelitian berada di dataran medium dengan elevasi 750 m di atas permukaan laut. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan besarnya laju tumbuh umbi tanaman kentang yang dikembangkan di dataran medium dan jenis mulsa yang paling sesuai. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan 2 (dua) faktor dan 3 (tiga) ulangan yaitu faktor I tanaman kentang (varietas Granola dan Supejohn) dan faktor II yaitu perlakuan mulsa (tanpa mulsa, mulsa jerami dan mulsa plastik hitam perak). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan mulsa jerami meningkatkan laju tumbuh umbi pada varietas Granola sebesar 0.87 g tanaman^-1 hari^-1 dan varietas Supejohn sebesar 0.73 g tanaman^-1 hari^-1. Perlakuan mulsa plastik hitam perak meningkatkan laju tumbuh umbi pada varietas Granola sebesar 0.70 g tanaman^-1 hari^-1 dan varietas Supejohn 0.59 g tanaman^-1 hari^-1. Bobot kering umbi tertinggi dicapai oleh mulsa jerami. Perlakuan terbaik ialah varietas Granola yang diberi mulsa jerami. Laju pertumbuhan terendah terdapat pada perlakuan tanpa mulsa sebesar 0.49 g^-1 hari^-1 untuk kultivar Granola dan 0.47 g^-1 hari^-1 untuk Supejohn.

Kata kunci: bobot kering, kentang, laju tumbuh, mulsa jerami, mulsa plastik hitam perak