Case Study: Parenting Use of Digital Technology in Preschool Children by Middle-Class Digital Immigrant Parents

Muhammad Faisal Najmudin; Sardin Sardin; Eko Sulistiono

doi:10.29244/jfs.v8i2.49805

Muhammad Faisal Najmudin Department of Community Education, Faculty of Science Education, Indonesia University of Education, Bandung, Indonesia
Sardin Department of Community Education, Faculty of Science Education, Indonesia University of Education, Bandung, Indonesia
Eko Sulistiono Department of Community Education, Faculty of Science Education, Indonesia University of Education, Bandung, Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29244/jfs.v8i2.49805

Keywords: digital immigrants, parenting, preschool children

Abstract

This study explores parents' knowledge of digital technology among the digital immigrant generation, who often face difficulties in utilizing technology, parenting practices for preschool children, and associated challenges. It employs qualitative research through a case study method, conducting interviews with parents born before 1981, having children aged 0-6 years, and falling within the lower-middle-class income bracket. This research was conducted from May to June 2023 in Bandung. From the five informants, it was evident that they possessed various digital devices, including smartphones, televisions, computers, and laptops with internet connections. Despite not growing up with digital technology, these parents utilize smartphones to enhance their children's motor and language development, often through educational videos or entertainment, such as games. Nonetheless, they face challenges and risks, such as children becoming overly reliant on technology and reducing their direct social interaction. In the current digital age, parents play a crucial role in ensuring appropriate and safe digital technology usage for preschool-aged children whose cognitive and functional abilities are still developing. Consequently, these findings emphasize the need for parents to exercise careful supervision of the content accessed by their children, potentially by implementing special rules or restrictions on screen time.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Muhammad Faisal Najmudin, Department of Community Education, Faculty of Science Education, Indonesia University of Education, Bandung, Indonesia

Community Education Study Program, Faculty of Science Education, Indonesia University of Education
(Program Studi Pendidikan Masyarakat, Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Sardin, Department of Community Education, Faculty of Science Education, Indonesia University of Education, Bandung, Indonesia

Community Education Study Program, Faculty of Science Education, Indonesia University of Education
(Program Studi Pendidikan Masyarakat, Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Eko Sulistiono, Department of Community Education, Faculty of Science Education, Indonesia University of Education, Bandung, Indonesia

Community Education Study Program, Faculty of Science Education, Indonesia University of Education
(Program Studi Pendidikan Masyarakat, Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

References

Agusta, I. (2003). Teknik pengumpulan dan analisis data kualitatif. Pusat Penelitian Sosial Ekonomi. Litbang Pertanian, Bogor, 27(10), 179–188.

Alia, T., & Irwansyah, I. (2018). Pendampingan orang tua pada anak usia dini dalam penggunaan teknologi digital. Polyglot: Jurnal Ilmiah, 14(1), 65–78. https://doi.org/10.19166/pji.v14i1.639.

Apidana, Y. H., Suroso, A., & Setyanto, R. P. (2020). Model penerimaan teknologi mobile payment pada digital native dan digital immigrant di Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi, Bisnis, dan Akuntansi, 21(4). https://doi.org/10.32424/jeba.v21i4.1542.

Arga, H. S. P., Kelana, J. B., Altaftazani, D. H., & Ruqoyyah, S. (2020). Analisis pembelajaran “daring” pada guru sekolah dasar di era covid-19. Jurnal Ilmiah UPT P2M STKIP Siliwangi, 7(2).

Ariston, Y., & Frahasini, F. (2018). Dampak penggunaan gadget bagi perkembangan sosial anak sekolah dasar. Journal of Educational Review and Research, 1(2), 86–91. https://doi.org/10.26737/jerr.v1i2.1675.

Artha, D. J. (2016). Pengaruh pemilihan tayangan televisi terhadap perkembangan sosialisasi anak. EduTech: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan dan Ilmu Sosial, 2(1).

Aslan, A. (2019). Peran pola asuh orangtua di era digital. Jurnal Studia Insania, 7(1), 20–34. https://doi.org/10.18592/jsi.v7i1.2269.

Autry, A. J., & Berge, Z. (2011). Digital natives and digital immigrants: getting to know each other. Industrial and Commercial Training, 43(7), 460–466. https://doi.org/10.1108/00197851111171890.

Bening, T. P., & Ichsan, I. (2022). Analisis Penerapan Pengetahuan Orang Tua dalam Stimulasi Aspek Perkembangan Anak Usia Dini. Ideas: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial, Dan Budaya, 8(3), 853–862. https://doi.org/10.32884/ideas.v8i3.829.

Dini, J. (2022). Permasalahan Pola Asuh dalam Mendidik Anak di Era Digital. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 6(3), 1965–1975. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v6i3.1721.

Ernabudiarti, E., & Hesrawati, E. D. (2023). Pengaruh media televisi online terhadap kemampuan literasi digital anak usia dini. Jurnal Ilmiah Profesi Pendidikan, 8(2), 1119–1127. https://doi.org/10.29303/jipp.v8i2.1429.

Harahap, M. A., & Adeni, S. (2021). Aksesibilitas anak terhadap media: internet sehat bagi anak. Professional: Jurnal Komunikasi dan Administrasi Publik, 8(1), 1–7.

Hasan, M., Arisah, N., & Rahmatullah, R. (2021). Literasi ekonomi dan pola perilaku konsumsi masyarakat kelas menengah ke bawah di era adaptasi kebiasaan baru. Organum: Jurnal Saintifik Manajemen dan Akuntansi, 4(2), 158–174. https://doi.org/10.35138/organum.v4i2.186.

Heale, R., & Twycross, A. (2018). What is a case study? Evidence-based nursing, 21(1), 7–8. https://doi.org/10.1136/eb-2017-102845.

Heni, H., & Mujahid, A. J. (2018). Pengaruh penggunaan smartphone terhadap perkembangan personal sosial anak usia pra-sekolah. Jurnal Keperawatan Silampari, 2(1), 330–342. https://doi.org/10.31539/jks.v2i1.341.

Hsin, C.-T., Li, M.-C., & Tsai, C.-C. (2014). The influence of young children’s use of technology on their learning: A review. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 17(4), 85–99.

Junida, D. S. (2019). Kecanduan online anak usia dini. Jurnal Walasuji, 10(1), 57–68. https://doi.org/10.36869/wjsb.v10i1.39.

Kurniati, E., Alfaeni, D. K. N., & Andriani, F. (2020). Analisis peran orang tua dalam mendampingi anak di masa pandemi COVID-19. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 5(1), 241–256. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v5i1.541.

Kurniawati, R. P. (2021). Media workbook berbasis contextual teaching and learning sebagai media pembelajaran calistung pada siswa SD. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 5(3), 10737–10745.

Mansur, A. R. (2019). Tumbuh Kembang Anak Usia Prasekolah. Padang (ID): Universitas Andalas Press

Mayenti, N. F., & Sunita, I. (2018). Dampak penggunaan gadget terhadap perkembangan anak usia dini di paud dan TK Taruna Islam Pekanbaru. Photon: Jurnal Sain Dan Kesehatan, 9(1), 208–213. https://doi.org/10.37859/jp.v9i1.1092.

McGrath, C., Palmgren, P. J., & Liljedahl, M. (2019). Twelve tips for conducting qualitative research interviews. Medical Teacher, 41(9), 1002–1006. https://doi.org/10.1080/0142159X.2018.1497149.

Mico, R. (2022). Pengaruh smartphone pada remaja di sd karya bhakti helvetia medan ditinjau dari perspektif islam. JURNAL SYIAR-SYIAR, 2(2), 67–84. https://doi.org/10.36490/syiar.v2i2.370.

Miles, M. B. D. A. (1992). Michael Huberman. Analisis Data Kualitatif: Buku Sumber Tentang Metode–Metode Baru, 2747–2829.

Milovidov, E. (2020). Parenting in The Digital Age Positive parenting strategies for different scenarios. Council of Europe. Retrieved from www.coe.int/children

Mulqiah, Z., Santi, E., & Lestari, D. R. (2017). Pola asuh orang tua dengan perkembangan bahasa anak prasekolah (usia 3-6 tahun). Dunia Keperawatan: Jurnal Keperawatan dan Kesehatan, 5(1), 61–67. https://doi.org/10.20527/dk.v5i1.3643.

Nahriyah, S. (2017). Tumbuh kembang anak di era digital. Risalah, 4(1), 65–74. https://doi.org/10.14421/jga.2016.11-06.

Najmudin, M. F., Khotima, N. A., & Lubis, R. F. (2023). Peran orang tua terhadap psikologis anak rantau melalui komunikasi jarak jauh. JKKP (Jurnal Kesejahteraan Keluarga Dan Pendidikan), 10(01), 88–99. https://doi.org/10.21009/JKKP.101.08.

Nashiruddin, A., Rosowati, A., & Amanah, N. F. (2023). PARENTING STYLE PADA ANAK USIA DINI DI ERA DIGITAL. Al-Fitrah (Jurnal Kajian Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini), 2(1), 34–44.

Oktavianoor, R., Dalam, J. D., & Airlangga, S. (2020). Kesenjangan digital akibat kondisi demografis di kalangan masyarakat rural digital. Palimpsest: Journal of Information and Library Science, 11(1), 9–57. https://doi.org/10.20473/pjil.v11i1.21888.

Prabandari, A. I., & Rahmiaji, L. R. (2019). Komunikasi keluarga dan penggunaan smartphone oleh anak. Interaksi Online, 7(3), 224–237.

Prasanti, D. (2016). Perubahan media komunikasi dalam pola komunikasi keluarga di era digital. Jurnal Commed.

Pusdiklat Pajak. (2015, April 29). Penghasilan kelas menengah naik potensi pajak? Berita. Retrieved from https://bppk.kemenkeu.go.id/pusdiklat-pajak/berita/penghasilan-kelas-menengah-naik-potensi-pajak-922473

Putri, D. P. (2018). Pendidikan karakter pada anak sekolah dasar di era digital. AR-RIAYAH: Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar, 2(1), 37–50. https://doi.org/10.29240/jpd.v2i1.439.

Rahmawati, M., & Latifah, M. (2020). Penggunaan gawai, interaksi ibu-anak, dan perkembangan sosial-emosional anak prasekolah. Jurnal Ilmu Keluarga & Konsumen, 13(1), 75–86. https://doi.org/10.24156/jikk.2020.13.1.75.

Rai, N., & Thapa, B. (2015). A study on purposive sampling method in research. Kathmandu: Kathmandu School of Law, 5.

Rastati, R. (2018). Media literasi bagi digital natives: perspektif generasi Z di Jakarta. Kwangsan: Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan, 6(1), 60–73. https://doi.org/10.31800/jtp.kw.v6n1.p60--73.

Rohani, G. A. (2015). Pengaruh televisi (TV) terhadap aspek-aspek perkembangan anak usia 3-4 tahun. Jurnal Pendidikan Anak, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.21831/jpa.v4i2.12355.

Sasmita, R. S. (2020). Pemanfaatan internet sebagai sumber belajar. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Konseling (JPDK), 2(1), 99–103. https://doi.org/10.31004/jpdk.v1i2.603.

Sukmawati, B., Ulfa, N. M., & Sugihartatik, S. (2022). Kesulitan Orang Tua Dalam Mendampingi Anak Belajar Dimasa Pandemi Covid-19. SPEED Journal: Journal of Special Education, 5(2), 48–57. https://doi.org/10.58578/masaliq.v2i3.380.

Tetnowski, J. (2015). Qualitative case study research design. Perspectives on Fluency and Fluency Disorders, 25(1), 39–45. https://doi.org/10.1044/ffd25.1.39.

Thadi, R. (2017). Studi pemahaman literasi media ibu rumah tangga sebagai panduan pendampingan anak menonton televisi di Kelurahan Sukarami Kota Bengkulu. Jurnal Manhaj, 5.

Vaiopoulou, J., Papadakis, S., Sifaki, E., Stamovlasis, D., & Kalogiannakis, M. (2021). Parents’ perceptions of educational apps use for kindergarten children: Development and validation of a new instrument (PEAU-p) and exploration of parents’ profiles. Behavioral Sciences, 11(6), 82. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs11060082.

Viandari, K. D., & Susilawati, K. P. A. (2019). Peran pola asuh orangtua dan penggunaan gadget terhadap interaksi sosial anak prasekolah. Jurnal Psikologi Udayana, 6(1), 76–87. https://doi.org/10.24843/JPU.2019.v06.i01.p08.

Vitrianingsih, V., Khadijah, S., & Ceria, I. (2019). Hubungan peran orang tua dengan ketergantungan anak terhadap penggunaan gadget. Jurnal Kesehata Karya Husada, 7(1), 99–109.

Wahyudi, R. (2020). Kontrol sosial orang tua terhadap dampak penggunaan smartphone pada anak remaja di Mangkupalas Kecamatan Samarinda Seberang. Ejournal Sosiatri-Sosiologi, 8(1), 231–244.

Wahyudi, T. (2019). Paradigma pendidikan anak dalam keluarga di era digital (perspektif pendidikan islam). Ri’ayah: Jurnal Sosial dan Keagamaan, 4(01), 31–43. https://doi.org/10.32332/riayah.v4i01.1489.

Wang, Q., Myers, M. D., & Sundaram, D. (2013). Digital natives and digital immigrants: Towards a model of digital fluency. Wirtschaftsinformatik, 55, 409–420. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11576-013-0390-2.

Wardani, A., & Ayriza, Y. (2020). Analisis kendala orang tua dalam mendampingi anak belajar di rumah pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 5(1), 772. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v5i1.705.

Wu, C. S. T., Fowler, C., Lam, W. Y. Y., Wong, H. T., Wong, C. H. M., & Yuen Loke, A. (2014). Parenting approaches and digital technology use of preschool age children in a Chinese community. Italian Journal of Pediatrics, 40(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/1824-7288-40-44.

Yuliandri, P. (2023). Sosialisasi cerdas bermedia sosial bagi digital immigrants warga Pancoran Timur II, Kelurahan Pancoran, Jakarta Selatan. Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 3(2), 10–17.

Zaini, M., & Soenarto, S. (2019). Persepsi orangtua terhadap hadirnya era teknologi digital di kalangan anak usia dini. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 3(1), 254–264. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v3i1.127.

Zur, O., & Zur, A. (2011). On digital immigrants and digital natives: How the digital divide affects families, educational institutions, and the workplace. Zur Institute–Online Publication. Retrieved on February, 21, 2012.