Family Strength in Remote Marriage: Social Support, Coping Strategies, and Their Effects
Family Strength in Remote Marriage: Social Support, Coping Strategies, and Their Effects
Abstract
Many married couples in Indonesia have carried out long-distance marriages. It happens because the couple is working or going to school. This study aimed to analyze social support and coping strategies and their effect on the strength of families undergoing long-distance marriages. The research was carried out for nine months, namely February-October 2020. The number of respondents in this study was 60 wives who lived in the ex-Pekalongan Residency, namely Batang Regency, Pekalongan City and Regency, Pemalang Regency, Tegal City, and Regency, and Brebes Regency. This research uses a non-probability sampling method with a voluntary sampling technique. They are collecting data using an online questionnaire, namely through a google form. To analyze the influence of variables used, a multiple linear regression test: results, family support and family strength in the medium category. Wives are more likely to use coping strategies that focus on emotions than those that focus on problems. Based on the regression test results, the husband's length of education has a significant positive effect on family strength in long-distance marriages. The research implies that efforts to improve education, especially for husbands, are needed because it affects family strength.
Downloads
References
[BPS-Jateng] Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Jawa Tengah. (2021). Provinsi Jawa Tengah dalam Angka. Retrieved from https://jateng.bps.go.id/publication/download.html?
[BPS] Badan Pusta Statistik. (2021). Nikah, Talak dan Cerai, serta Rujuk 2007-2016. Retrieved from https://www.bps.go.id/indicator/27/176/1/jumlah-nikah-talak-dan-cerai-serta-rujuk.html
Acedera, K. A., & Yeoh, B. S. A. (2019). ‘Making time’: Long-distance marriages and the temporalities of the transnational family. Current Sociology, 67(2), 250–272. doi: 10.1177/0011392118792927
Amelia, F. R. (2020). Long-distance romantic relationships among international students: My first qualitative research. Studies in Philosophy of Science and Education, 1(2), 74–86. doi: 10.46627/sipose.v1i2.28
Aydogan, D., Kara, E., & Kalkan, E. (2021). Understanding relational strength of married adults in quarantine days. Current Psychology, 1–11. doi: 10.1007/s12144-021-02224-2
Budiman. (2006). Persepsi efektifitas kinerja karyawan ditinjau dari konflik peran ganda istri dan dukungan sosial rekan kerja (Universitas Gadjah Mada). Retrieved from https://repository.ugm.ac.id
Canty-Mitchell, J., & Zimet, G. D. (2000). Psychometric properties of the multidimensional scale of perceived social support in urban adolescents. American Journal of Community Psychology, 28(3), 391–400. doi: 10.1023/A:1005109522457
Dewi, N. K. (2013). Commuter Marriage: Ketika Berjauhan Menjadi Sebuah Keputusan. Bogor (ID): IPB Press.
Fatimah, S. (2018). Hubungan cinta komitmen dengan kepuasan pernikahan dimoderatori oleh kebersyukuran. Psikodimensia, 17(1), 26–35. doi: 10.24167/psidim.v17i1.1428
Firdaus, F., & Sunarti, E. (2009). Hubungan antara tekanan ekonomi dan mekanisme koping dengan kesejahteraan keluarga wanita pemetik teh. Jurnal Ilmu Keluarga Dan Konsumen, 2(1), 21–31. doi: 10.24156/jikk.2009.2.1.21
Folkman, S., & Lazarus, R. S. (1980). An analysis of coping in a middle-aged community sample. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 21(3), 219–239. doi: 10.2307/2136617
Gayatri, M., & Irawaty, D. K. (2021). Family strength during Covid-19 pandemic: A literature review. Family Journal, 14(1), 1–7. doi: 10.1177/10664807211023875
Gerstel, N., & Gross, H. E. (1982). Commuter marriages: A review. Marriage & Family Review, 5(2), 71–93. doi: 10.1300/J002v05n02_05
Hampton, A. J., Rawlings, J., Treger, S., & Sprecher, S. (2017). Channels of computer-mediated communication and satisfaction in long-distance relationships. Interpersona, 11(2), 171–187. doi: 10.5964/ijpr.v11i2.273
Herawati, T., Pranadji, D. K., & Rukmayanti, I. Y. (2012). Dukungan sosial dan ketahanan keluarga peserta dan bukan peserta Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (PNPM) Mandiri. Jurnal Ilmu Keluarga Dan Konsumen, 5(1), 1–10. doi: 10.24156/jikk.2012.5.1.1
Jimenez, F. V., & Asendorpf, J. B. (2010). Shared everyday decisions and constructive communication: Protective factors in long-distance romantic relationships. Interpersona: An International Journal on Personal Relationships, 4(2), 157–182. doi: 10.5964/ijpr.v4i2.47
Johnson, E., & Moosath, H. (2019). Exploring the role of distance in trust and marital-quality in married women. IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science, 24(2), 14–24. doi: 10.9790/0837-2402071424
Jurkane-Hobein, I. (2015). Imagining the absent partner-intimacy and imagination in long-distance relationships. Innovative Issues and Approaches in Social Sciences, 8(1), 223–241. doi: 10.12959/issn.1855-0541.iiass-2015-no1-art13
Kismini, E., Wicaksono, H., & Putri, N. A. (2018). The husbands-wives relation model of long distance marriage farmer households. Komunitas: International Journal of Indonesian Society and Culture, 10(1), 112–120. doi: 10.15294/komunitas.v9i1.12446
Lazarus, R., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress appraisal and coping. New York (NY): Springer Publishing Company.
Lestari, S. (2013). Psikologi Keluarga: Penanaman Nilai dan Penanganan Konflik dalam Keluarga (1St ed.). Jakarta (ID): Kencana.
Macphee, D., Lunkenheimer, E., & Riggs, N. (2015). Strength as regulation of developmental and family processes. Family Relations, 64(1), 153–175. doi: 10.1111/fare.12100.Strength
McCubbin, H. I. (1979). Integrating coping behavior in family stress theory. Journal of Marriage and Family, 41(2), 237–244. doi: 10.2307/351693
McCubbin, M. A. (1988). Family stress , resources , and family types : Chronic illness in children. Family Relations, 37(2), 203–210. doi: 10.2307/584557
Nurillah, H. (2013). Strategi koping, tekanan ekonomi, dan ketahanan keluarga di kawasan kumuh (IPB). Retrieved from http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/66296
Oh, S., & Chang, S. J. (2014). Concept analysis: Family strength. Open Journal of Nursing, 04(13), 980–990. doi: 10.4236/ojn.2014.413105
Ozbay, F., Johnson, D. C., Dimoulas, E., Morgan, C. A., Charney, D., & Southwick, S. (2007). Social support and strength to stress: from neurobiology to clinical practice. Psychiatry, 4(5), 35–40. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20806028%0A
Pilny, H. L., & Siems, F. U. (2019). Maintenance strategies and long-distance Relationships: An adaption of theories from interpersonal relationship research to marketing. Journal of Relationship Marketing, 18(4), 309–323. doi: 10.1080/15332667.2019.1648938
Prameswara, A. D., & Sakti, H. (2016). Pernikahan jarak jauh: Studi kualitatif fenomenologis pada istri yang menjalani pernikahan jarak jauh. Empati, 5(3), 417–423. doi: 10.14710/empati.2016.15360
Puspitawati, H. (2018). Pengantar Studi Keluarga (Revision). Bogor (ID): IPB Press.
Putra, B. N., & Afdal, A. (2020). Marital satisfaction: An analysis of long distance marriage couples. International Journal of Research in Counseling and Education, 4(1), 64–69. doi: 10.24036/00287za0002
Rachman, I. P. (2017). Pemaknaan seorang istri terhadap pengalamannya menjalani pernikahan jarak jauh (long distance marriage). Calyptra: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Universitas Surayabaya, 6(2), 1672–1679. Retrieved from http://webhosting.ubaya.ac.id/~journalubayaac/index.php/jimus/article/view/1100
Rosidah, U., Hartoyo, H., & Muflikhati, I. (2012). Kajian strategi koping dan perilaku investasi anak pada keluarga buruh pemetik melati gambir. Jurnal Ilmu Keluarga Dan Konsumen, 5(1), 77–87. doi: 10.24156/jikk.2012.5.1.77
Rubyasih, A. (2016). Model komunikasi perkawinan jarak jauh. Jurnal Kajian Komunikasi, 4(1), 109–119. doi: 10.24198/jkk.v4i1.7854
Saefullah, L., Giyasih, S. R., & Setiyawati, D. (2019). Pengaruh dukungan sosial terhadap ketahanan keluarga tenaga kerja Indonesia. Jurnal Sosiologi Pendidikan Humanis, 3(2), 119–132. doi: 10.17977/um021v3i2p119-132
Sagita, D. D., Amsal, M. F., & Fairuz, S. U. N. (2020). Analysis of family strength: The effects of the Covid-19. Sawwa: Jurnal Studi Gender, 15(2), 275–294. doi: 10.21580/sa.v15i2.6542
Sumari, M., Baharudin, D. F., Mashkor, M. I., Yahya, A. N., & Aman, N. S. (2021). The role of religion in long-distance marriage as experienced by Malaysian muslim husbands. Family Journal, (August), 106648072110357. doi: 10.1177/10664807211035706
Suminar, J. R., & Kaddi, S. M. (2018). The phenomenon of marriage couples with long-distance relationship. MIMBAR : Jurnal Sosial Dan Pembangunan, 34(1), 121–129. doi: 10.29313/mimbar.v34i1.3183
Sunarti, E. (2001). Studi ketahanan keluarga dan ukurannya: Telaah kasus pengaruhnya terhadap kualitas kehamilan (Institut Pertanian Bogor). Retrieved from http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/4337
Sunarti, E., Tati, Atat, S. N., Noorhaisma, R., & Lembayung, D. P. (2005). Pengaruh tekanan ekonomi keluarga, dukungan sosial, kualitas perkawinan, pengasuhan, dan kecerdasan emosi anak terhadap prestasi belajar anak. Media Gizi Dan Keluarga, 29(1), 34–40. Retrieved from https://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/mediagizi/issue/view/1080
Suryani, A., & Nurwidawati, D. (2016). Self disclosure dan trust pada pasangan dewasa muda yang menikah dan menjalani hubungan jarak jauh. Jurnal Psikologi Teori Dan Terapan, 7(1), 9–15. doi: 10.26740/jptt.v7n1.p9-15
Wakhidah, U. W., Yusuf, A., & Kurnia, I. D. (2020). Pengalaman mahasiswa yang menjalani long distance marriage (LDM) di Surabaya. Jurnal Keperawatan Jiwa, 2(1), 26–37. doi: 10.20473/pnj.v1i1.17936
Walen, H. R., & Lachman, M. E. (2000). Social support and strain from partner, family, and friends: Costs and benefits for men and women in adulthood. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 17(1), 5–30. doi: 10.1177/0265407500171001
Wardhani, N. D. W., & Widiasavitri, P. N. (2020). Coping strategies on wives in a long-distance marriage and live with in-laws. Psikodimensia, 19(1), 106–121. doi: 10.24167/psidim.v19i1.2309
Wijayanti, Y. T. (2021). Long distance marriage couple communication pattern during the Covid-19 pandemic. Jurnal ASPIKOM, 6(1), 208–221. doi: 10.24329/aspikom.v6i1.849
Winta, M. V. I., & Nugraheni, R. D. (2019). Coping stress pada istri yang menjalani long distance married. PHILANTHROPY: Journal of Psychology, 3(2), 123–136. doi: 10.26623/philanthropy.v3i2.1711
Zimet, G. D., Dahlem, N. W., Zimet, S. G., & Farley, G. K. (1988). The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Journal of Personality Assessment, 52(1), 30–41. doi: 10.1207/s15327752jpa5201_2
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).