The Relationship between Sheath Blight Disease Incidence, Disease Severity, and Rice Yield
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14692/jfi.17.3.113-120Kata Kunci:
inokulasi, kehilangan hasil, pengendalian penyakit, Rhizoctonia solaniAbstrak
Produksi padi dapat mengalami penurunan akibat gangguan oleh penyakit hawar pelepah yang disebabkan oleh Rhizoctonia solani. Penelitian bertujuan memperkirakan penurunan hasil padi akibat penyakit hawar pelepah berdasarkan keparahan penyakit yang terjadi pada stadium masak susu. Penelitian dilaksanakan di rumah kawat dan lahan percobaan Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi pada musim hujan 2019/2020. Penelitian di rumah kawat menggunakan tiga varietas padi yaitu “Ciherang”, “Inpari 32 HDB”, dan “Baroma”; sedangkan penelitian di lahan percobaan menggunakan “Ciherang”. Inokulasi R. solani dilakukan pada tanaman padi stadium anakan maksimum dengan menyisipkan tanaman terinfeksi sebagai sumber inokulum penyakit diantara rumpun padi pada tingkat insidensi antara 5%–50%. Tingkat keparahan penyakit pada tanaman di rumah kawat dan lahan percobaan terus berkembang selama periode pengamatan dan mencapai berturut-turut 60.09% dan 70.56%. Lebih lanjut, keparahan penyakit yang tinggi menyebabkan penurunan hasil yang tinggi pula. Pengetahuan tentang hubungan insidensi dan keparahan penyakit bermanfaat dalam menentukan prediksi hasil sehingga pengendalian penyakit dapat dilakukan sedini mungkin untuk menghindari kehilangan hasil yang tinggi.
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