IS THE ROLE OF FATHER’S PARENTING IMPORTANT FOR THE CHARACTER BUILDING OF STUDENTS?

Wulan Sari Putri Hidayat; Dwi Hastuti

doi:10.29244/jcfcs.1.2.71-80

Wulan Sari Putri Hidayat IPB University
Dwi Hastuti Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology, IPB University

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29244/jcfcs.1.2.71-80

Abstrak

The strength of character can be manifested through the interactions of parents, especially fathers, in the parenting process. This study aimed to analyze the influence of student characteristics, family characteristics, and the role of fathers' parenting on character strength. This study used an explanatory design involving 289 first-year students living with complete parents. Sampling was taken by voluntary sampling. Data were obtained by self-reporting through online questionnaires and analyzed by multiple linear regression using SPSS. The findings show that there are nine indicators of paternal parenting such as positive involvement, positive emotional response, negative involvement, moral roles, gender roles, provider roles, androgynous roles, father's presence, and father's responsibility. In addition, there are three indicators of the strength of characters, such as moral knowledge, moral feelings, and moral action, which contain six virtues in the form of wisdom, justice, humanity, determination, self-control, and spirituality. The study's results prove that the role of a father's parenting significantly positively affects character strength. Overall, the strength of student character cannot be separated from the role of family care, especially for fathers.

Referensi

Afiatin, T. (2001). Perception of the self and the environment in adolescent abusers of drugs (narcotics, psychotropics, and addictive substances). Journal of Psychological Thought and Research, 6(12), 11-28. https://doi.org/10.20885/psikologika.vol6.iss12.art2

Arifin, B., Mujahidin, E., & Arief, Z. A. (2017). Father roles in Islamic perspective on Islamic senior high school in Jakarta. Journal of Child Development Studies, 2(2), 37-50. https://doi.org/10.29244/jcds.2.2.37-50

Arnett, J. J., & Hughes, M. (2014). Adolescence and emerging adulthood. Boston, US: Pearson Education.

Asy'ari, H., & Ariyanto, A. (2019). A picture of the father's involvement in caring for children (paternal involvement) in Jabodetabek. Journal of Scientific Psychology, 11(1), 37-44. https://doi.org/10.15294/intuisi.v11i1.20115

Bancroft, K., Batten, A., Lambert, S., & Madders, T. (2012). The way we are: Autism in 2012. London, UK: The National Autistic Society.

Basuki, N. W., & Indrawati, E. S. (2017). The relationship between perceptions of father involvement in parenting and social adjustment in students of the Faculty of Engineering class of 2015 Diponegoro University. Empathy, 6(1),

Belsky, J., Lerner, R. M., & Spanier, G. B. (1984). The child in the family. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company

Bussa, B. D., Kiling-Flowers, B. N., Thoomaszen, F. W., & Kiling, I. Y. (2018). Father's perception of early childhood care. Journal of Psychological Science, 7(2), 126-135. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um023v7i22018p126

[BPS] Central Bureau of Statistics. (2020). Bogor City in Numbers. Bogor: Central Statistics Agency. https://bogorkota.bps.go.id/publication/download.html

Cabrera, N., Tamis-LeMonda, C. S., Bradley, R. H., Hofferth, S. L., & Lamb, M. E. (2000). Fatherhood in the 21st century. Child development, 71(1), 127- 136. doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00126.

Dewanggi, M. (2014). The influence of attachment, parenting style, and quality of the parenting environment on the character of rural and urban children (thesis). Bogor Agricultural Institute, Bogor.

Dick, G. L. (2004). The fatherhood scale. Research on social work practice, 14(2), 80-92. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049731503257863

Dimyati, T. R. (2018). Formation of student character in the Islamic higher education system. Journal of Islamic Education, 13(1), 17-32. https://doi.org/10.19105/tjpi.v13i1.1716

[Directorate of PPKU IPB] Directorate of General Competency Education Program, Bogor Agricultural University. (2018). PPKU In Figures 2018 Batch 55 (2017/2018) and Batch 56 (2018/2019). Taken from http://ppku.ipb.ac.id/tpb-dalam-angka/category/68-ppku-dalam-angka-2018?download=605%3Appku-dalam-angka-2018

Fitroh, S. F. (2014). Fatherless impact on children's learning achievement. Journal of Early Childhood Education Teacher Education, 1(2), 76–146. https://doi.org/10.21107/pgpaudtrunojoyo.v1i2.3551

Haque, E. A., & Rahmasari, D. (2013). The relationship between father involvement in parenting and emotional intelligence with prosocial behavior in adolescents. Journal of Psychological Research, 2(1), 1-9. http://ejournal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/character/article/view/4596

Hardani, R., Hastuti, D., & Yuliati, L. N. (2017). The influence of the child's attachment to parents, teachers, friends, and self-control on the pornographic behavior of junior high school children (Thesis). Bogor Agricultural Institute, Bogor.

Hochschild, A. (1989). The second shift. New York: Avon.

Ingalhalikar, M., Smith, A., Parker, D., Satterthwaite, T. D., Elliott, M. A., Ruparel, K., Hakonarson, H., Gur, R. E., Gur, R. C., & Verma, R. (2013). Sex differences in the structural connectome of the human brain. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(2), 823-828. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1316909110

Kamila, I., & Mukhlis. (2013). Differences in adolescent self-esteem in terms of the existence of fathers. Journal of Psychology UIN Sultan Syarif Kasim, 9(2), 100-111. https://doi.org/ 10.24014/jp.v9i2.172

Lamb, M. E., Pleck, J. H., Charnov, E. L., & Levine, J. A. (1985). Paternal behavior in humans. American zoologist, 25(3), 883-894. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3883043

Lestari, T. G. (2017). The influence of the parenting environment and the father's attachment on the character of adolescent manners in rural areas (Thesis). Bogor Agricultural Institute, Bogor.

Lestari, W., Nursetiawati, S., & GP, V. U. (2015). The relationship between paternal involvement and character building in adolescents. Journal of Family Welfare and Education, 2(1), 36-43. doi: 10.21009/JKKP.021.06.

Lickona, T. (1994). Raising good children: helping your child through the stage of moral development. United States, US: Bantam Books

Maddox, L. M. (2015). Young adults' perception of fathering and the father-child relationship in the context of marital violence (Master's thesis). Auburn University, Alabama, United States. Available at http://hdl.handle.net/10415/4700.

Mancini, L. (2010). Father absence and its effects on daughters (Thesis). Simmons University, Boston. http://demoiselle2femme.org/wp-content/uploads/Father-Absence-Its-Effects-on-Daughters.pdf

Mulyadi, M. (2011). Quantitative and qualitative research and basic thinking combine them. Journal of Communication and Media Studies, 15(1), 128-137. doi: 10.31445/jskm.2011.150106

Munjiat, S. M. (2017). Fatherless influence on children's character in the perspective of Islam. Journal of Islamic Education, 2(1), 108-116. https://doi.org/ 10.24235/tarbawi.v2i1.2031

Muuss, R. E. 91990). Social psychology (6th ed.). USA: McGraw-Hill College.

Novianti, N., Latifah, M., & Hernawati, N. (2014). The influence of parenting styles, motivation, and self-regulation strategies in learning on adolescent academic achievement (Thesis), Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor.

Papalia, D., Olds, S.W., & Feldman, R. D. (2009). Human development. Indonesia, ID: Salemba Humanika.

Peterson, C., & Seligman, M. E. (2004). Character strengths and virtues: A handbook and classification. Inggris, UK: Oxford University Express. http://ldysinger.stjohnsem.edu/%40books1/Peterson_Character_Strengths/character-strengths-and-virtues.pdf.

Poulter, B. S. (2004). Father, Your Sons. Hoboken: The McGraw-Flill Companies, Inc.

Radin, N., & Russell, G. (1983). Increased father participation and child development outcomes. In M. Lamb & A. Sagi (Ed.), Fatherhood and social policy (pp. 191-218). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erl Baum

Ransaw, T. (2014). The good father: African American fathers who positively influence their children's educational outcomes. Spectrum: a Journal on Black men, 2(2), 1-25.

Santrock, J. W. (2003). Adolescence: Adolescent development (sixth ed.). Indonesia, ID: Erlangga.

Sari, S., Devianti, R., & Safitri, N. (2018). Parental Attachment to Child Character Building. Educational Guidance and Counseling Development Journal, 1(1), 17-31. http://103.193.19.206/index.php/EGCDJ/article/view/4947

Septiani, D., & Nasution, I. N. (2018). The role of the father's involvement in the upbringing for the development of the moral intelligence of the child. Journal of Psychology, 13(2), 120- 125. doi: 10.24014/jp.v13i2.4045

Serbin, L. A., Hubert, M., Hastings, P. D., Stack, D. M., & Schwartzman, A. E. (2014). The Influence of Parenting on Early Childhood Health and Health Care Utilization. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 39(10), 1161-1174. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsu050

Snarey, J. (1993). How do fathers care for the next generation? Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Syarifah, H., Widodo, P. B., & Kristiana, I. F. (2012). The relationship between perceptions of father involvement in parenting and emotional maturity in adolescents in State High School "X." Proceedings of the VIII IPPI National Scientific Meeting, 230-238. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/17333705.pdf

Wanyama, S. P. (2013). Knowledge, attitude, and practice of eye diseases in children among pediatricians in Kenya (Doctoral dissertation, University of Nairobi).