DINAMIKA TEMPORAL DAN SPASIAL FOSFAT(PO4-P) DAN NITRAT (NO3-N) SEBAGAI INDIKATOR KESUBURAN PERAIRAN DI TELUK JAKARTA
Keywords:
Jakarta Bay, Nitrate, Phosphate, Spatial, Temporal
Abstract
Jakarta Bay is located on the north coast of Java Island and is the mouth of 13 major rivers in Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang and Bekasi. Various activities that involve the use of waters, both bays and rivers, can cause a decrease in water quality and nutrient enrichment. One result of nutrient enrichment is an increase in nutrients such as phosphate and nitrate. This study aims to determine the pattern of spatial distribution of phosphate and nitrate concentrations as indicators of water fertility in Jakarta Bay. Water quality monitoring was carried out from 2012-2019 from 23 observation stations. The determination of 23 stations is based on the representation of the Jakarta Bay area into the coastal zone and the bay zone. Water fertility status based on phosphate nutrients is classified as mesotrophic with a spatial distribution pattern that is higher around the coast and lower as it approaches the mouth of the bay. Meanwhile, based on nutrient nitrate, it is classified as oligotrophic with a distribution that tends to be high on the beach and low near the mouth of the bay. Temporally, there is a significant difference in the concentration of phosphate and nitrate.
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References
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[BPS] Badan Pusat Statistika DKI Jakarta. 2019. Statistik Industri Manufaktur DKI Jakarta 2019. Jakarta (ID): Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi DKI Jakarta.
[PRI] Pemerintah Republik Indonesia. 2021. Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 22 Tahun 2021 tentang Penyelenggaraan Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup. Jakarta (ID): Sekretariat Negara.
[SNI] Standar Nasional Indonesia 6964.8.2015. 2015. Kualitas air laut – Bagian 8 : Metode pengambilan contoh uji air laut. Jakarta (ID): Badan Standarisasi Nasional.
Afidin IMZ, Kholidah. 2021. Analisis kandungan nitrat dan nitrit serta total bakteri coliform pada air sungai di PT.Sucofindo Semarang. Inov Tek Kim. 6(1):23–27.
Ashari BH, Wibawa BM, Persada SF. 2017. Analisis deskriptif dan tabulasi silang pada universitas di Kota Surabaya. J Sains dan Seni ITS. 6(1):17–21.
Ayuningsih MS, Hendrarto IB, Purnomo PW. 2014. Distribusi kelimpahan fitoplankton dan klorofil-a di Teluk Sekumbu Kabupaten Jepara: hubungannya dengan kandungan nitrat dan fosfat di perairan. Maquares. 3(2):138–147.
Cosme N, Koski M, Hauschild MZ. 2015. Exposure factors for marine eutrophication impacts assessment based on a mechanistic biological model. Ecol Modell. 317(2015):50–63.
Damar A, Colijn F, Hesse KJ, Adrianto L, Yonvitner, Fahrudin A, Kurniawan F, Prismayanti AD, Rahayu SM, Rudianto BY, et al. 2020. Phytoplankton biomass dynamics in tropical coastal waters of Jakarta bay, Indonesia in the period between 2001 and 2019. J Mar Sci Eng. 8(9):1–17.
Damar A, Colijn F, Hesse KJ, Wardiatno Y. 2012. The eutrophication states of Jakarta, Lampung and Semangka Bays: Nutrient and phytoplankton dynamics in Indonesian tropical waters. J Trop Biol Conserv. 9(1):61–81.
Damar A, Hesse KJ, Colijn F, Vitner Y. 2019. The eutrophication states of the Indonesian sea large marine ecosystem : Jakarta Bay 2001-2013. J Deep Res Part II. 163(2019):72–86.
Damar A, Prismayanti AD, Rudianto BY, Ramli A, Kurniawan F. 2021. Algae bloom phenomenon in Jakarta Bay as symptoms of severe eutrophication: Monitoring results of 2014-2016. IOP Conf Ser Earth Environ Sci. 744(2021):1–10.
Effendi H. 2003. Telaah Kualitas Air Bagi Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Lingkungan Perairan. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Kanisius.
Isnaeni, Nurannisa, Pujiono PW. 2015. Kesuburan perairan berdasarkan nitrat, fosfat, dan klorofil-a di perairan ekosistem terumbu karang Pulau Karimun Jawa. Manag Aquat Resour J. 4(2):75–81.
Koropitan AF, Ikeda M, Damar A, Yamanaka Y. 2009. Influences of physical processes on the ecosystem of Jakarta Bay: A coupled physical-ecosystem model experiment. ICES J Mar Sci. 66(2):336–348.
Makmur M, Kusnoputranto H, Moersidik SS, Wisnubroto DS. 2012. Pengaruh limbah organik dan rasio N/P terhadap kelimpahan fitoplankton di kawasan budidaya kerang hijau Cilincing. J Teknol Pengelolaan Limbah. 15(2):51–64.
Mattjik AA, Sumertajaya IM. 2011. Sidik peubah ganda dengan menggunakan SAS. Bogor(ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Patty SI, Akbar N. 2019. Sebaran horizontal fosfat, nitrat dan oksigen terlarut di Perairan Pantai Bolaang Mongondow, Sulawesi Utara. J Ilmu Kelaut Kepul. 2(1):13–21.
Prismayanti AD. 2017. Estimasi beban nutrien di sungai-sungai yang bermuara di Teluk Jakarta [skripsi]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Sari RS, Wulandari SY, Maslukah L, Kunarso, Wirasatriya A. 2022. Konsentrasi ion fosfat di Perairan Wiso, Ujungbatu, Jepara. Indones J Oceanogr. 4(1):88–95.
Sianipar I, Restuhadi F, Zalfiatri Y. 2016. Analisis tingkat kesukaan konsumen terhadap es krim probiotik dengan penambahan Lactobacillus acidophilus terenkapsulasi. JOM FAPERTA. 3(2):1–13.
Sidabutar T, Srimariana ES, Wouthuyzen S. 2020. The potential role of eutrophication, tidal and climatic on the rise of algal bloom phenomenon in Jakarta Bay. IOP Conf Ser Earth Environ Sci. 429(1):1–13.
Susana T. 2009. Tingkat keasaman (pH) dan oksigen terlarut sebagai indikator kualitas perairan di sekitar muara Sungai Cisadane. J Teknol Lingkung Univ Trisakti. 5(2):33–39.
Suteja Y. 2016. Beban pencemar dan kapasitas asimilasi amonium dan nitrat saat puncak musim barat di Teluk Jakarta. J Mar Aquat Sci. 2(1):16–22.
Van der Wulp SA, Damar A, Ladwig N, Hesse KJ. 2016. Numerical simulations of river discharges, nutrient flux and nutrient dispersal in Jakarta Bay, Indonesia. Mar Pollut Bull. 110(2):675–685.
Yogaswara D. 2020. Distribusi dan siklus nutrien di perairan estuari serta pengendaliannya. Oseana. 45(1):28–39.
Published
2023-10-09
Section
Articles
