Impact of Weather Variability on the Income of Salt Farmers (Case Study: Rawa Urip Village, Pangenan District, Cirebon Regency)
Dampak Variabilitas Cuaca terhadap Pendapatan Petani Garam Rakyat (Studi Kasus : Desa Rawa Urip, Kecamatan Pangenan Kabupaten Cirebon)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29244/ijaree.v4i1.58075Keywords:
adaptation strategies, livelihoods, paired t-test, salt farmingAbstract
Weather variability has adversely impacted the agricultural and marine sectors. In Cirebon Regency, especially Rawa Urip Village, extreme rainfall illustrates this variability and is suspected to reduce salt production, which heavily depends on weather conditions. Consequently, salt production and business revenues have declined, prompting farmers to adapt. Data were collected through purposive interviews with 52 smallholder salt farmers meeting predefined criteria. The study applied income analysis, paired t-tests, and quantitative descriptive analysis. Results showed significant differences in farmers’ income between normal and variable weather conditions. The most common adaptation strategies involved social coping mechanisms, including borrowing from relatives, receiving remittances, and taking loans from neighbours and farmer group members.
Variabilitas cuaca telah memberikan pengaruh negatif terhadap sektor pertanian dan kelautan. Kejadian cuaca ekstrim berupa curah hujan tinggi yang melanda Kabupaten Cirebon terutama di Desa Rawa Urip merupakan wujud dari adanya variabilitas cuaca. Variabilitas cuaca yang terjadi diduga berdampak pada proses produksi garam karena garam merupakan komoditas yang sangat tergantung terhadap kondisi cuaca. Produksi garam menurun karena variabilitas cuaca yang berimbas pada penurunan pendapatan usaha tambak garam. Variabilitas cuaca juga mendorong petani garam untuk mampu beradaptasi. Adaptasi yang dilakukan petani garam bervariasi dan kemampuan adaptasi tersebut berpengaruh terhadap keberlanjutan penghidupan petani garam. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu analisis pendapatan, uji t berpasangan, serta analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan pendapatan petani garam saat kondisi normal dan saat kondisi variabilitas cuaca. Adaptasi yang banyak dilakukan petani garam dalam menghadapi variabilitas cuaca berupa adaptasi sosial dengan mengandalkan pinjaman kepada kerabat, mengandalkan kiriman keluarga, meminjam uang ke anggota kelompok tani, serta mengandalkan pinjaman ke tetangga.
References
Agustya, N., & Sapanli, K. (2024). Kerentanan Usahatani Garam Rakyat di Desa Bungko Lor Kabupaten Cirebon. Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Resource and Environmental Economics, 3(2), 116-127.
[BMKG] Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency. 2023. Rainfall Data for Pangenan 2018–2023. Bogor: BMKG.
[Diskanlut] Department of Marine and Fisheries, West Java Province. (2023). Salt Production Based on Production Periods in West Java.
[DKPP] Department of Food Security, Marine and Fisheries, Cirebon Regency. (2022). Statistical Data on Salt Production by Subdistrict in Cirebon Regency. DKPP Cirebon Regency, Cirebon.
[DKPP] Department of Food Security, Marine and Fisheries, Cirebon Regency. (2023). Statistical Data on Salt Production by Subdistrict in Cirebon Regency. DKPP Cirebon Regency, Cirebon.
Faqih A, Listyarini J. (2021). Climate Projection Using GCM CMIP5 Outputs: Statistical Bias Correction for Climate Scenarios (SiBias) version 1.2. Department of Geophysics and Meteorology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University.
Haryatno, D. P. (2012). Kajian strategi adaptasi budaya petani garam. Komunitas, 4(2).
Hasanah U. 2019. Economic Analysis in Developing Community-Based Salt Industry in Indramayu Regency [thesis]. Bogor: Bogor Agricultural University.
Hidayat, N. K. (2017). At the bottom of the value chain: Sustainability certification and the livelihoods of palm oil smallholders in Indonesia.
Kurniawan, T., & Azizi, A. (2012). Dampak perubahan iklim terhadap petani tambak garam di Kabupaten Sampang dan Sumenep. Jurnal Masyarakat Dan Budaya, 14(3), 499-518.
Lia. (2018). Vulnerability of Arabica Coffee Farmer Households to Rainfall Variability: Case Study in Suntenjaya Village, Lembang Subdistrict, West Bandung Regency [thesis]. Bogor: Bogor Agricultural University.
Megarani Amandra. (2022) May 10. Bandung. ForestDigest.com.
Montolalu C, Langi Y. 2018. The Effect of Basic Computer and Information Technology Training for Teachers Using Paired Sample t-test. d’CARTESIAN: Journal of Mathematics and Its Applications. 7(1):44–46. doi:10.35799/dc.7.1.2018.20113.
Naura A, Riana FD. (2018). Impacts of Climate Change on Production and Income of Red Chili Farming (Case in Sumberbendo Hamlet, Kucur Village, Malang Regency). Journal of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness. 2(2):147–158.
Nazir M. (2014). Research Methods. Bogor: Ghalia Indonesia Publishing.
Purboningtyas PT, Dharmawan AH, Putri Eka Intan K. (2018). Impacts of Climate Variability on Farm Household Livelihood Structures and Adaptation Patterns. Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan. 6(3):189–197.
Sinaga O, Antara M, Dewi RK. (2020). Development Strategies for Community-Based Salt Enterprises in Kusamba Village, Dawan Subdistrict, Klungkung Regency. Journal of Agricultural Socioeconomics and Policy. 4(1):96–110.
Sinurat RY. (2016). Adaptation and Mitigation of Rice Farmers to Drought Due to Weather Variability. Bogor: Bogor Agricultural University.
Soekartawi. (2002). Farm Business Analysis. Jakarta: UI Press.
Sugiyono. (2017). Statistics for Research. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Widjaja S, Radiarta N, Suhelmi IR, Bramawanto R, Akhwady R, Widodo AW, Triwibowo H, Prabawa FY, Mahabror D, Sagala SL, et al. (2021). Academic Review: A Portrait of National Salt. Jakarta: Amafrad Press.
