Utilising Anticancer Properties of Soursop (Annona muricata L.) for MCF-7 Breast Cancer Treatment

Abstract

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy for Indonesian women. Treatments for this particular cancer have experienced major progress yet there are still loose ends that do not benefit patients. One of the most prominent drugs used in chemotherapy is doxorubicin, acting as an inhibitor of topoisomerase II causing DNA fragmentation in cancer cells. Indonesia is a country with vast cultures of consuming regional endemic fruits as a source of illness prevention and soothing symptoms. One often consumed through fruits and boiled leaves is soursop (Annona muricata L.) known for its abundance of acetogenins. 15-acetylguanacone is a kind of acetogenin known for possessing potent anti-proliferative and anti-metastatic properties by inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor 2 (VEGF2). 15-acetylguanacone from soursop is extracted through silica gel fractionation. Literature studies show that loading doxorubicin and 15-acetylguanacone to PDEN derived from soursop promises potent abilities to inhibit proliferation of MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Loading these materials involve incubation or electroporation. Assays like cell cycle analysis, intracellular ROS analysis, and SA-β Gal senescence-based assay show that the interaction of 15-acetyguanacone and doxorubicin increased proliferative inhibition rate and cytotoxicity. This is a literature study written to show potentials of loaded soursop PDEN as alternative treatment for MCF-7 breast cancer cells.  

Keywords: 15-acetylguanacone, doxorubicin, MCF-7 breast cancer, PDEN, soursop