Antibiofilm Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Zingiber officinale against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans ATCC 43718 (serotype B)

Putri Cahaya  Situmorang; Dian Eka  Ermawati; Nindita Clourisa Amaris  Susanto; Diyah Tri Utami; Heru  Sasongko; Sholichah  Rohmani; M Fiqri  Zulpadly; Anif Nur  Artanti; Ulfa Afrinurfadhilah  Darojati; Annisa Diyan  Meitasari; Meta Kartika  Untari

doi:10.18343/jipi.31.3.435

Authors

Putri Cahaya Situmorang Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
Dian Eka Ermawati Department of Pharmacy, Vocational School, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta, 57126, Indonesia
Nindita Clourisa Amaris Susanto Department of Pharmacy, Vocational School, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta, 57126, Indonesia
Diyah Tri Utami Department of Pharmacy, Vocational School, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta, 57126, Indonesia
Heru Sasongko Department of Pharmacy, Vocational School, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta, 57126, Indonesia
Sholichah Rohmani Department of Pharmacy, Vocational School, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta, 57126, Indonesia
M Fiqri Zulpadly Department of Pharmacy, Vocational School, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta, 57126, Indonesia
Anif Nur Artanti Department of Pharmacy, Vocational School, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta, 57126, Indonesia
Ulfa Afrinurfadhilah Darojati Department of Pharmacy, Vocational School, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta, 57126, Indonesia
Annisa Diyan Meitasari Department of Pharmacy, Vocational School, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta, 57126, Indonesia
Meta Kartika Untari Department of Pharmacy, Vocational School, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta, 57126, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.31.3.435

Keywords:

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Antibiofilm, Ethanolic Extract; Zingiber officinale

Abstract

Red ginger plays a role in bacterial infection, diarrhea, and cough. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the ethanolic extract of Zingiber officinale for its antibiofilm activity against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans ATCC 43718 (serotype B). The extraction process of Zingiber officinale is carried out by maceration. An antibiofilm activity assay was used with the dilution method with the various formulas of 20;10;5;2,5;1,25 % w/v. The biofilm inhibition concentration (MBIC₅₀) was calculated. The SEM analysis was conducted to evaluate biofilm bacterial growth after the treatment. The data was then analyzed with IBM SPSS Statistics version 21.0 using one-way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance). The results showed that the ethanolic extract of Zingiber officinale had an inhibitory effect on A. actinomycetemcomitans ATCC 43718 (serotype B). This proved that the biofilm bacterial growth was effectively inhibited by the chemical compound of red ginger. The extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) matrix degraded after treating the cell biofilm. It can be concluded that the ethanolic extract of Zingiber officinale has potential against A. actinomycetemcomitans. Further research is needed to determine the safety and efficacy of A. actinomycetemcomitans ATCC 43718 (serotype B) can be developed as an alternative antibiofilm

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Åberg, C. H., Kelk, P., & Johansson, A. 2014. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans: Virulence of its leukotoxin and association with aggressive periodontitis. Virulence, 6(3), 188–195. https://doi.org/10.4161/21505594.2014.982428

Aghazadeh, M., Zahedi Bialvaei, A., Aghazadeh, M., Kabiri, F., Saliani, N., Yousefi, M., Eslami, H., & Samadi Kafil, H. 2016. Survey of the Antibiofilm and Antimicrobial Effects of Zingiber officinale (in Vitro Study). Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology, 9(2), e30167. https://doi.org/10.5812/jjm.30167

Ain, Q.-U.-, Khan, H., Mubarak, M. S., & Pervaiz, A. 2016. Plant Alkaloids as Antiplatelet Agent: Drugs of the Future in the Light of Recent Developments. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2016.00292

Akiyama, H., Fujii, K., Yamasaki, O., Oono, T., & Iwatsuki, K. 2001. Antibacterial action of several tannins against Staphylococcus aureus. The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 48(4), 487–491. https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/48.4.487

Alvita, L. R., Falah, S., & Nurhidayat, N. 2017. Water Extract Activity of Papaya Leaf as Antibiofilm against Escherichia coli. Current Biochemistry, 2(3), 164–175. https://doi.org/10.29244/cb.2.3.164-175

Arigbede, A., Babatope, B. O., & Bamidele, M. K. 2012. Periodontitis and systemic diseases: A literature review. J Indian Soc Periodontol, 16, 487–491.

Cobrado, L., Azevedo, M. M., Silva-Dias, A., Ramos, J. P., Pina-Vaz, C., & Rodrigues, A. G. 2012. Cerium, chitosan and hamamelitannin as novel biofilm inhibitors? The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 67(5), 1159–1162. https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dks007

Dhanik, J., Arya, N., & Nand, V. 2017. Review on Zingiber officinale. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 6(3), 174–184.

Dhillon, K., & Varshney, K. R. 2013. Study of Microbiological Spectrum in Acne Vulgaris: An In Vitro Study. Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences, 1(6), 724–727.

Fiorillo, L., Cervino, G., Laino, L., D’Amico, C., Mauceri, R., Tozum, T. F., Gaeta, M., & Cicciù, M. 2019. Porphyromonas gingivalis, Periodontal and Systemic Implications: A Systematic Review. Dentistry Journal, 7(4), 114. https://doi.org/10.3390/dj7040114

Jin, L. J., Armitage, G. C., Klinge, B., Lang, N. P., Tonetti, M., & Williams, R. C. 2011. Global oral health inequalities: Task group--periodontal disease. Advances in Dental Research, 23(2), 221–226. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022034511402080

Kim, H.-S., & Park, H.-D. 2013. Ginger Extract Inhibits Biofilm Formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14. PLOS ONE, 8(9), e76106. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0076106

Kováč, J., Slobodníková, L., Trajčíková, E., Rendeková, K., Mučaji, P., Sychrová, A., & Bittner Fialová, S. 2023. Therapeutic Potential of Flavonoids and Tannins in Management of Oral Infectious Diseases—A Review. Molecules, 28(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28010158

Kurniawan, B., & Aryana, W. F. 2015. Binahong (Cassia Alata L) As Inhibitor Of Escherichiacoli Growth. Jurnal Majority, 4(4), Article 4. https://juke.kedokteran.unila.ac.id/index.php/majority/article/view/588

Nagasawa, T., Shimizu, S., Kato, S., Nakatsuka, Y., Kado, T., & Hidaka, T. 2014. Host-microbial co-evolution in periodontitis associated with Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans infection. Journal of Oral Biosciences. Journal of Oral Biosciences, 56, 11–17.

Neumann, N., Honke, M., Povydysh, M., Guenther, S., & Schulze, C. 2022. Evaluating Tannins and Flavonoids from Traditionally Used Medicinal Plants with Biofilm Inhibitory Effects against MRGN E. coli. Molecules, 27(7), 2284. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27072284

Othman, L., Sleiman, A., & Abdel-Massih, R. M. 2019. Antimicrobial Activity of Polyphenols and Alkaloids in Middle Eastern Plants. Frontiers in Microbiology, 10. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00911

Park, J., Kaufmann, G. F., Bowen, J. P., Arbiser, J. L., & Janda, K. D. 2008. Solenopsin A, a venom alkaloid from the fire ant Solenopsis invicta, inhibits quorum-sensing signaling in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 198(8), 1198–1201. https://doi.org/10.1086/591916

Ridwan, Ismawati, Yandi, Bardin, & Nurmayanti. 2022. Screening for Phytochemical Content of Several Types of Medicinal Plants in North Buton Regency. International Journal of Education, Technology, and Science, 1(1), 1–6.

Rohde, H., Frankenberger, S., Zähringer, U., & Mack, D. 2010. Structure, function and contribution of polysaccharide intercellular adhesin (PIA) to Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm formation and pathogenesis of biomaterial-associated infections. European Journal of Cell Biology, 89(1), 103–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejcb.2009.10.005

Saptiwi, B., Sunarjo, L., & Rahmawati, H. 2018. Red Ginger Extract (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum) Against Inhibitory Power of Aggregratibacter actinomycetemcomitans Bacteria. Jurnal Riset Kesehatan, 7(2), 61. https://doi.org/10.31983/jrk.v7i2.3778

Setyawan, A. D. 2002. Variation on ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) varieties based on chemical constituent of volatile oils. BioSMART, 4(2), 48–54.

Shanmugam, M., Gopal, P., Abbar, F., Schreiner, H. C., Kaplan, J. B., & Fine, D. H. 2015. Role of Exopolysaccharide in Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans–Induced Bone Resorption in a Rat Model for Periodontal Disease. PLOS ONE. https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0117487

Syafitri, D. M., Levita, J., Mutakin, M., & Diantini, A. 2018. A Review: Is Ginger (Zingiber officinale var. Roscoe) Potential for Future Phytomedicine? Indonesian Journal of Applied Sciences, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.24198/ijas.v8i1.16466

Tanghetti, E. A. 2013. The role of inflammation in the pathology of acne. The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology, 6(9), 27–35.

Utami, D., Pratiwi, S. T., Haniastuti, T., & Hertiani, T. 2021. Eugenol and thymol as potential inhibitors for polymicrobial oral biofilms: An in vitro study. Journal of International Oral Health, 13(1), 45. https://doi.org/10.4103/jioh.jioh_247_20

Utami, D. T., Hertiani, T., Pratiwi, S. U. T., Randy, A., Artanti, A. N., Ermawati, D. E., Rahmani, S., Sasongko, H., Kundarto, W., & Zulpadly, M. F. 2022. Antibiofilm Activity of Eugenol against Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans ATCC 43718 (serotype B). Egyptian Journal of Chemistry, 0(0), 0–0. https://doi.org/10.21608/ejchem.2022.143899.6278

Utami, D. T., Pratiwi, S. U. T., Haniastuti, T., & Hertiani, T. 2020. Degradation of Oral Biofilms by Zerumbone from Zingiber zerumbet (L.). Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 13(8), 3559–3564. https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-360X.2020.00629.0

Walsh, T. R., Efthimiou, J., & Dréno, B. 2016. Systematic review of antibiotic resistance in acne: An increasing topical and oral threat. The Lancet. Infectious Diseases, 16(3), e23-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(15)00527-7

Wang, J., Ke, W., Bao, R., Hu, X., & Chen, F. 2017. Beneficial effects of ginger Zingiber officinale Roscoe on obesity and metabolic syndrome: A review. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci.

Zuraida, Z., Sulistiyani, S., Sajuthi, D., & Suparto, I. H. 2017. Fenol, flavonoid, dan aktivitas antioksidan pada ekstrak kulit batang pulai (Alstonia scholaris R.Br). Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan, 35(3), 211–219.