Analisis Cluster dan Seleksi Primer SSR (Simple Sequence Repeats) untuk Sifat Toleran Aluminium pada Cabai

Abstract

High yielding and Al tolerant variety of hot pepper is one of the best solutions to overcome the problem of low hot pepper production on acidic dry land. The identification of tolerant parents and SSR markers are useful in increasing the effectiveness of plant breeding programs to develop varieties tolerance to aluminum stress. SSR primer selection is an important initial step in development of molecular markers. The objective of this study was to determine aluminum tolerant genotypes based on the similarity of tolerance to aluminum stress and to determine SSR primers feasible in developing markers for tolerance to aluminum stress in hot pepper plants. The experiment was conducted to evaluate the tolerance of 27 hot pepper genotypes to aluminum stress employing a wick system hydroponic with AB mix nutrient supplemented with 500 ppm AlCl₃.6H₂O. The next step is to evaluate 20 SSR primers in amplifying representative tolerant and sensitive DNA genome. The cluster analysis on the tolerance characteristics of 27 hot pepper genotypes resulted in 7 groups of aluminum tolerance. Genotypes of PBC396 and PBC518 were very tolerant to aluminum stress and were unique so that they were the most prospective parents in the development of aluminum tolerant cultivars. SSR primers of TMS7 and CAMS358 were potential to produce polymorphic markers for tolerance to aluminum stress in hot pepper. The primers must then be further tested on the DNA genome of mapping population to determine the ones which can be used as a marker for aluminium tolerance.

Keywords: Capsicum annuum, NTSYS, grouping assessment, adaptive to acidic