First Analysis of the Rehabilitation and Release Facilities for Javan Hawk-eagle (Nisaetus bartelsi Stresemann, 1924) in Indonesia
Article Sidebar
-
conservation, javan hawk-eagle, management standard, rehabilitation, release program
Abstract
The Javan hawk-eagle (Nisaetus bartelsi Stresemann, 1924), an endangered bird endemic to Java island, faces significant extinction risks due to habitat loss and illegal hunting. To address this, the Javan Hawk-eagle Sanctuary Center (JHESC) was established within Mount Halimun Salak National Park, Bogor Regency, West Java, Indonesia, to support in-situ and ex-situ conservation efforts, focusing on rehabilitation and release. This study observed rehabilitation practices at the centre from April 2022 to March 2023, particularly the adequacy of its facilities and infrastructure regarding cage, feed, and health management. These aspects are essential for rehabilitation success. Based on observations, nine cage types were employed and tailored to specific rehabilitation stages: acceptance, treatment, isolation, pre-training, training, habituation, education, translocation, and hard release. These cages were designed with varying sizes and numbers to fulfil the needs of each stage. The centre's feeding management was supported by a well-organized storage system that maintained feed quality through proper air circulation and cleanliness. The centre consistently supplied three primary feeds: mice (Mus musculus), rats (Rattus norvegicus), and marmots (Cavia porcellus). Comprehensive infrastructure facilitated health management, including an animal clinic, isolation and treatment rooms, an operating room, an examination room, and a laboratory. Additionally, the veterinary medicines were accessible and staffed by qualified veterinarians to ensure the eagles were healthy from arrival to release. These robust facilities and practices can position the centre as a leading example for ex-situ conservation, prioritizing animal welfare while rehabilitating and releasing Javan hawk-eagles, with expectations of further enhancing eagle conservation efforts.
Full text article
References
President of Republic of Indonesia Government Regulation Number 69 of 1999; Indonesia Government: Jakarta, 1999.
Minister of Environmen and Forestry Regulation of Minister of Forestry and Environment Number P.106/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/12/2018; Ministry of Environment and Forestry: Jakarta, 2018.
Prawiradilaga, D.M. Ecology and Conservation of Endangered Javan Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus Bartelsi. Ornithol. Sci. 2006, 5, 177–186, doi:10.2326/1347-0558(2006)5[177:EACOEJ]2.0.CO;2.
Gunawan; Zulham; Pramono, H.; Djamaludin; Yuniar, A.; Hardina, K.; Mulyati, S.; Kuswandono; Kristiana, I. Release of Confiscated Raptors in Indonesia by Suaka Elang (Raptor Sanctuary): Protocols and Progress to Date. Bird. Asia 2017, 27, 88–93.
Adhikari, B.; Bhandari, S.; Baral, K.; Lamichhane, S.; Subedi, S.C. Raptors at Risk: Attributes of Mortality within an Anthropogenic Landscape in the Mid-Hills Region of Nepal. Glob. Ecol. Conserv. 2022, 38, e02258, doi:10.1016/j.gecco.2022.e02258.
Iskandar, R.R.D.; Elfidasari, D.; Prawiradilaga, D.M. Identification of Spatial Data and Ecology of Javan Hawk-Eagle’s Nest (Nisaetus Bartelsi) in the Kondang Merak Coastal, South Malang, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 2022, 23, 3419–3428, doi:10.13057/biodiv/d230714.
Syartinilia; Condro, A.A.; Tsuyuki, S. Projected Impacts of Climate Change and Anthropogenic Effects on Habitat Distribution of Endangered Javan Hawk-Eagle in Indonesia. Geogr. Sustain. 2024, 5, 241–250, doi:10.1016/j.geosus.2024.01.009.
Gunawan; Aji, F.; Nursalim, T.; Permana, D.; Withaningsih, S. Comparative Study of Released Javan Hawk-Eagle (Nisaetus Bartelsi) and Changeable Hawk-Eagle (Nisaetus Cirrhatus) Based on Satellite Tracker Data. E3S Web Conf. 2021, 249, 1–4, doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202124903002.
Syartinilia; Mulyani, Y.A.; Suyitno, R.A.; Condro, A.A.; Tsuyuki, S.; van Balen, S. Population Estimates of the Endangered Javan Hawk-Eagle Based on Habitat Distribution Modeling and Patch Occupancy Surveys. J. Raptor Res. 2023, 57, 581–594, doi:10.3356/JRR-22-16.
Ministry of Environment and Forestry The State of Indonesia’s Forests 2020; Ministry of Environment and Forestry: Jakarta, 2020.
Minister of Forestry of the Indonesia Republic Regulation of the Minister of Forestry of the Indonesia Republic Number P.58/Menhut-II/2013; Ministry of Forestry of the Indonesia Republic: Jakarta, 2013.
Balai Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun Salak Rencana Pengelolaan Jangka Panjang Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun Salak Periode 2018-2027; Balai Taman Nasional Gunung Halmun Salak: Sukabumi, 2019.
Javan Hawk-eagle Sanctuary Center Laporan Pengelolaan Pusat Suaka Satwa Elang Jawa Periode 2018-2023; Javan Hawk-eagle Sanctuary Center: Bogor, 2023.
Cahaya, S.D.; Supriatna, A.; Giri, M.S.; Ambarita, E.; Sutisna, C. Nutritional Evaluation of Raptor at Pusat Suaka Satwa Elang Jawa. In Proceedings of the The 11th Asian Raptor Research and Conservation Network (ARRCN) International Symposium; Wijaya, I.M.S., Setyawati, I., Yuni, L.P.E.K., Eds.; Udayana University Press: Denpasar, 2019.
Minister of Environment and Forestry Regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry of the Indonesia Republic Number P.22/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/5/2019; Ministry of Environment and Forestry: Jakarta, 2019.
Raptor Rescue Rehabilitation Handbook Including the Code of Practice; Raptor Rescue: United Kingdom, 2010.
Zulfitrianto, H. Rehabilitation and Release Management of Javan Hawk-Eagle (Nisaetus Bartelsi Stresemann 1924) at Pusat Suaka Satwa Elang Jawa; Institut Pertanian Bogor, 2021.
Miller, E. Minimum Standards for Wildlife Rehabilitation 4th Edition; National Wildlife Rehabilitators Association: Minnesota, 2012.
Director General of Forest Protection and Nature Conservation Regulation of the Director General of Forest Protection and Nature Conservation Number P.9/IV-SET/2011; Ministry of Forestry: Jakarta, 2011.
Dhania, R.; Istiana, R.; Zufitrianto, H.; Supratman, L. Diurnal Activity of Crested Serpent-Eagle (Spilornis Cheela) in Pusat Suaka Elang Jawa. Media Konserv. 2023, 28, 201–209, doi:10.46359/jte.v6i1.163.
Willette, M.; Rosenhagen, N.; Buhl, G.; Innis, C.; Boehm, J. Interrupted Lives: Welfare Considerations in Wildlife Rehabilitation. Animals 2023, 13, 1836, doi:10.3390/ani13111836.
Ilmi, A.R.; Elfidasari, D.; Mercusiana, S. Daily Activities of Javan Hawk-Eagle (Nisaetus Bartelsi) Rehabilitated in Javan Hawk-Eagle Sanctuary Center. J. Bios Logos 2022, 12, 80–86, doi:10.35799/jbl.v12i2.40730.
Sawitri, R.; Takandjandji, M. Pengelolaan Dan Perilaku Burung Elang Di Pusat Penyelamatan Satwa Cikananga, Sukabumi. J. Penelit. Hutan dan Konserv. Alam 2010, 7, 257–270.
Ulumiyah, N.; Hernowo, J.B.; Masy’ud, B. Determinant Factors of Successful Release of Brahminy Kite (Haliastur Indus Boddaert, 1783) in Kepulauan Seribu National Park. J. Pengelolaan Sumberd. Alam dan Lingkung. 2019, 9, 337–351, doi:10.29244/jpsl.9.2.337-351.
Utami, B.D. Kajian Potensi Pakan Elang Jawa (Spizaetus Bartelsi Stresemann, 1924) Di Gunung Salak, Bogor; Institut Pertanian Bogor, 2002.
Swacita, I.B.N. Bahan Ajar Kesehatan Masyarakat Veteriner: Biosekuriti; Veterinary Public Health Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University: Denpasar, 2017.
President of Republic of Indonesia Government Regulation of the Indonesia Republic Number 47 of 2014; Indonesia Government: Jakarta, 2014.
Authors
Media Konservasi is an open access journal, meaning that all content is freely available without charge to the user or their institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles in this journal without needing to request prior permission from the publisher or the author.
All articles published by Media Konservasi are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. This allows for unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided proper credit is given to the original authors.
Authors submitting manuscripts should understand and agree that the copyright of published manuscripts is retained by the authors. Copyright encompasses the exclusive rights of authors to reproduce, distribute, and sell any part of the journal articles in all forms and media. Reproduction of any part of this journal, its storage in databases, and its transmission by any form or media is allowed without written permission from Media Konservasi.
Article Details
How to Cite
