Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian or Journal of Agroindustrial Technology (JTIN), is a national peer reviewed and open access journal that publishes significant and important original research results, reviews and policy papers from all area of agroindustry covering process technology, industrial system engineering, and environmental management. It is published 3 times a year (April, August, and December) and has been indexed in Crossreff, Garuda,<a href="https://doaj.org/toc/2252-3901?source=%7B%22query%22%3A%7B%22filtered%22%3A%7B%22filter%22%3A%7B%22bool%22%3A%7B%22must%22%3A%5B%7B%22terms%22%3A%7B%22index.issn.exact%22%3A%5B%222252-3901%22%5D%7D%7D%5D%7D%7D%2C%22query%22%3A%7B%22match_all%22%3A%7B%7D%7D%7D%7D%2C%22size%22%3A100%2C%22sort%22%3A%5B%7B%22created_date%22%3A%7B%22order%22%3A%22desc%22%7D%7D%5D%2C%22_source%22%3A%7B%7D%7D" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> DOAJ, Sinta, and EBSCO. Published by Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Bogor Agricultural University and Indonesian Agroindustry Association, this journal has been accredited by Directorate General of Higher Education, Research, and Technology, Republic of Indonesia with Second Grade (Sinta 2) since the year 2021 according to the decree No 158/E/KPT/2021. In its history, Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian used to be named Buletin Penelitian Teknologi Industri (Bulletin of Industrial Technology Research) and published for the first time in 1982 with ISSN 0216-3160. Name change was made in 1991. Due to no changes in its scope and content, then the ISSN code is still in use until now. In 2012, Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian has certified as accredited journal based on decree No. 56/DIKTI/KEP/2012. The online version of this journal has published with e-ISSN 2252-3901 since 2012.
Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University
MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF DEHYDRATOR DRYING ON APPLE FRUIT SLICES
This research was conducted in order to evaluate the drying prosess using the Moisture Ratio (MR) drying model approach among Newton, Page, Henderson-Pabis and Midili. The thin-layer drying experiment was carried out in a Wirastar FDH10 food dehydrator at the constant temperature of 60°C for 23 h. The main responses, i.e, weight loss, moisture content and water activity (aw) were measured during the process. All data analysis and mathematical modeling was executed with the Microsoft Excel Analysis Tools Solver Add-In. The final weight of the dried apple slices was decreased by 80.2%, and a target moisture content in the range of 6–8% with a final water activity value of aw = 0.431 was also obtained. Comparing the models, Midili model turned to be the most adequate for describing these data as it presented the highest value of R2 =0.9804 and low values for SSE and RMSE. The empirical equation for the Midili model was MR = 1.000 exp(-0.342* ) + 0.0038*t. The model was validated which showed a good agreement, and the necessary time to dry from 84.4% on wet basis to 6.4% on wet basis is predicted at 11.5 h. This is a 42.5% increase in the time effectivity, which presents definite progress. Keywords: apple slices, drying model, moisture ratio, thin layer drying
Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
USED TIRE ECOSYSTEM FOR THE RECLAIMED RUBBER INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT AT PT BRIDGESTONE TIRE INDONESIA
Managing end-of-life tyres (ELTs) has become an urgent global issue because tyres are difficult to decompose naturally and take more than 50 years to break down. In the Jabodetabek (Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, Bekasi) area, ELT generation is estimated at 2.5–3 million units annually, with the most significant contributions from Karawang (1,000 units per month) and Bogor (820 units per month). Bias-ply used tires, which contain up to 70% rubber, have significant potential for recycling into raw materials for new tires through reclaimed rubber technology, aligning with the principles of a circular economy. This study aims to map the supply chain ecosystem of ELTs, identify key stakeholders, and optimise material flow to support the development of the rubber industry from reclaimed materials. The study employs a qualitative descriptive method. The number of research locations was determined using the Solvin method with an error rate of 25%. Observations were performed at 15 specific tire shops, two truck tire shops, three fleets, and three used tire collectors in the Jabodetabek and West Java areas. The findings indicate that the total estimated number of ELTs collected in Jabodetabek from tire stores, truck tires, fleets, and collectors reaches 2,860 monthly units. The main challenges in ELT management include limited storage facilities, low awareness of the economic value of waste, and a predominantly conventional management system. The study also reveals that only 20% of ELTs are utilised optimally, highlighting a significant untapped potential. Keywords: used tires, reclaimed rubber, supply chain, circular economy
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT STUDY BASED ON THE LIFE CYCLE OF SANJAICHIPS PRODUCTS IN PAYAKUMBUH, WEST SUMATERA
The growing productivity of the Sanjai chips agro-industry contributes to increasing emissions along the production process. This study aims to evaluate the environmental impact of Sanjai chips production using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method. The assessment follows LCA stages: goal and scope definition, life cycle inventory, and impact assessment. The system boundary is gate-to-gate, focusing on the production stages: peeling, washing, slicing, frying, seasoning preparation (balado), mixing, and packaging. The functional unit is 1 kg of Sanjai chips. For each kilogram of product, inputs include 2.01 kg of cassava, 0.35 liters of cooking oil, 9.63 liters of water, and 2.61 kg of firewood, with 9.63 liters of wastewater produced. Environmental impacts were analyzed using SimaPro 9.4.2 software and the CML-IA Baseline method. Results show that 1 kg of Sanjai chips contributes to Global Warming Potential (GWP) of 1.3619 kg CO₂ eq, Acidification Potential (AP) of 0.0131 kg SO₂ eq, Eutrophication Potential (EP) of 0.0740 kg PO₄ eq, and Ozone Layer Depletion Potential (ODP) of 8.09E-07 kg CFC-11 eq. The frying stage is the primary hotspot, contributing 78.7% of total impacts, mainly due to cooking oil use. It is recommended that future research expand the system boundary to a cradle-to-grave scope and include social and economic dimensions to achieve a more holistic sustainability assessment. Keywords: environmental impact, life cycle assessment, sanjai chips, simapro
FEASIBILITY STUDY OF GROUPER FISH PROCESSING INDUSTRY IN JAVA ISLAND BASED ON RAW MATERIAL AVAILABILITY ANALYSIS
Grouper is a high-value fishery commodity with increasing demand in both domestic and international markets, necessitating a stable raw material supply to support sustainable processing activities. However, feasibility assessments for developing grouper processing industries in Indonesia rarely prioritize raw material availability, despite this factor being essential for maintaining consistent production. This study evaluates the feasibility of establishing a grouper processing industry in Java by integrating cross-regional supply mapping with an inventory control analysis based on the Safety Stock (SS) and Reorder Point (ROP) approaches. A mixed-methods design was used, combining semi-structured interviews, field observations at ten major supply points along the northern coast of Java, and analysis of twelve months of supply and demand data. Findings indicate that the total monthly grouper supply reaches approximately 254 tons, while industrial requirements are around 50 tons. Cold chain capacity, logistics conditions, and the distance of distribution influence price differences across regions. Seasonal fluctuations can be managed by relying on both capture fisheries and floating net cage aquaculture, which help maintain a consistent supply throughout the year. A simulation using an SS value of 602 kilograms and an ROP value of 2,402 kilograms demonstrated that no stock outs occurred during a ten-day evaluation. Overall, the study confirms that the supply of grouper raw materials in Java is stable, feasible, and capable of supporting the growth of processing industries, providing a practical basis for future supply chain planning. These findings offer guidance for policymakers and industry stakeholders nationwide. Keywords: grouper supply chain, raw-material feasibility, inventory control, safety stock, reorder point
ANALYSIS OF COSMETICS PRODUCT MARKETING NETWORKS IN INDONESIA ON TIKTOK: A STUDY ON THE TOP 3 BRANDS OF PT PARAGON TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION
TikTok has emerged as a primary platform in digital marketing strategies, particularly for beauty products targeting a young and socially active audience. Its strengths lie in the ability to generate viral trends and in its algorithm, which actively promotes content distribution to wider audiences. These features make TikTok an effective medium for fostering engagement among brands, influencers, and consumers. The frequent and intensive interactions among these actors form a promotional network that is not only interconnected but also mutually influential in shaping brand perception, creating symbolic value, and driving purchasing decisions. This study employs social network analysis to explore key actors involved in social media marketing. Using the Social Network Analysis (SNA) approach, the research identifies the structural patterns and relationship dynamics among TikTok users in the context of beauty product marketing. Specifically, the study analyses the digital marketing network of three leading cosmetic products from PT Paragon Technology and Innovation—Wardah, Make Over, and Emina. Data were collected based on engagement rates, number of views, and comment volume. The findings reveal the significant roles and influences of main actors—such as influencers, brands, and consumers—in shaping the digital marketing network. The study highlights that micro-influencers with a high degree of centrality tend to engage more actively in reciprocal interactions and collaborations with other accounts, thereby exerting a stronger promotional influence. It is recommended that future research broaden the scope by comparing digital marketing strategies across different social media platforms to gain a more comprehensive understanding of cross-platform promotional effectiveness. Keywords: influencer, tiktok, network marketing, cosmetics, social network analysis
TECHNO-ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF CHILI SAUCE PRODUCTION USING FERMENTED CASSAVA FLOUR
This study performs a techno-economic analysis to assess the feasibility of developing chili sauce products incorporating fermented cassava flour as a local food ingredient. The evaluation covers both technical/technological and economic aspects. Technologically, the product exhibits favorable characteristics with a mean moisture content of 72% and pH of 4.01, supported by positive organoleptic test results. Economically, financial analysis indicates strong viability, with a Net Present Value (NPV) of IDR 40,138,730 an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 34.53%, a Benefit-Cost (B/C) Ratio of 2.25, and a Payback Period (PP) of 2 years and 1 months. The integrated findings from both technical and economic evaluations confirm that chili sauce formulated with fermented cassava flour is technically sound and economically feasible for commercial development. This product has significant potential to enhance added value, create new business opportunities, and support sustainable local food security. keywords: chili sauce, techno-economic, cassava
SIMULTANEOUS SACCHARIFICATION AND CO-FERMENTATION (SSCF) FOR BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION FROM BAMBOO SHOOTS: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
The escalating global energy demand and the depletion of fossil fuel reserves have accelerated the pursuit of sustainable bioenergy alternatives. Bioethanol is widely recognized as a promising candidate; however, its production continues to depend predominantly on food-based substrates such as cassava and molasses, thereby exacerbating food vs fuel dilemmas. Consequently, lignocellulosic biomass has emerged as a viable alternative owing to its abundance and non-food nature. Among potential resources, bamboo shoots constitute a particularly strategic feedstock, characterized by high cellulose (33–45%) and hemicellulose (23–30%) contents, coupled with an exceptionally low lignin fraction (0.89%), which minimizes the requirement for energy- and cost-intensive pretreatment. Their rapid growth further reinforces their suitability as a renewable and underexploited biomass source. The present study undertakes a systematic literature review to assess the potential of bamboo shoots for bioethanol production via Simultaneous Saccharification and Co-Fermentation (SSCF). Specifically, it seeks to: (i) elucidate global research trends in SSCF through bibliometric analysis, (ii) identify knowledge gaps concerning the utilization of bamboo shoots, and (iii) propose future research directions to enhance SSCF efficiency. Bibliometric analysis conducted with VOSviewer, encompassing publications from 2006 to 2025, reveals growing scholarly focus on SSCF, particularly in relation to fermentation, enzymatic hydrolysis, and lignocellulosic feedstocks. Notably, the complete absence of “bamboo shoot” as a keyword across the dataset signifies a critical research gap. This gap underscores the necessity for rigorous experimental investigations and the development of predictive simulation models employing bamboo shoots in SSCF, with the aim of optimizing ethanol yields, elucidating key process dynamics, and advancing sustainable bioethanol production. Keywords: bamboo shoot, bioethanol, simulation, simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF)
LEVELS OF SOURNESS, BITTERNESS AND SWEETNESS OF CHOCOLATE PRODUCTS ON CONSUMER ACCEPTANCE (CASE STUDY IN THE SPECIAL REGION OF YOGYAKARTA, INDONESIA)
In Indonesia, chocolate products are often associated with high sweetness, leading to distorted consumer perceptions of couverture chocolate, which ideally balances acidity, bitterness, and sweetness. This study aimed to evaluate consumer acceptance of six chocolate couverture formulations in the Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY) and identify the most preferred formulation based on a balanced sensory profile. Using convenience sampling, 500 untrained panelists aged 15–60 years were selected across five districts in DIY Province. Participants evaluated sweetness, bitterness, acidity, aroma, texture, and overall acceptability through hedonic and ranking tests. Physicochemical parameters (pH, viscosity, and hardness) were also measured to support sensory findings. Results showed that formulations F1 and F2 achieved the highest overall acceptability scores due to moderate bitterness and acidity, preferred sweetness, and smoother texture. The ranking test confirmed these results, with F1 and F2 recording the lowest mean ranks. Physicochemical analysis supported these findings, showing higher pH (6.68 and 6.63), moderate viscosity (6,580 and 5,140cP), and lower hardness (46.83 and 50.52 N). Consumer age significantly influenced preference, with younger respondents favoring sweeter and softer chocolate. These findings emphasize the importance of optimizing sensory and textural attributes to meet diverse consumer expectations. Keywords: consumer acceptance; consumer preference; chocolate; sensory evaluation
FURNITURE INDUSTRY GREEN SUPPLY CHAIN SUCCESS FACTORS: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
In recent years, Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) has gained significant attention due to the challenges posed by climate change, primarily driven by human activities and harmful emissions. The furniture industry presents considerable potential for GSCM adoption but faces challenges, including high costs, low environmental awareness, and limited government support. This study aimed to identify critical success factors (CSFs) for GSCM implementation in the furniture industry. Using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) methodology, articles from Scopus and Google Scholar were examined to identify key CSFs. Six CSFs were found management commitment, investment in technology and collaboration, stakeholder involvement, environmental sustainability strategy, environmental regulations and incentives, and performance assessment and monitoring. The study highlighted the importance of a comprehensive approach, outlining essential steps for GSCM implementation, such as strategy development, green practice adoption, and ongoing monitoring and evaluation. Additionally, it emphasized integrating green purchasing, internal environmental management, and forming collaborative partnerships with stakeholders. Regular evaluations were critical to track progress, align with sustainability objectives, and identify areas for improvement. The study contributes to the GSCM literature by offering practical insights and recommendations for furniture companies, including conducting a SWOT analysis, setting clear sustainability goals, collaborating with eco-friendly suppliers, and securing top management support. These findings provide valuable guidance for the furniture industry to achieve sustainability, improve efficiency, and enhance competitiveness in the global market. Keywords: critical success factors, furniture industry, Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM), Systematic Literature Review (SLR)
PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT AND RISK MITIGATION OF PINEAPPLE SUPPLY CHAIN IN CENTRAL KALIMANTAN PROVINCE
Pineapple farmers and agro-processing businesses in Kapuas and Pulang Pisau face several risk. One significant risk is the lack of clarity regarding existing supply chain structures and performance, resulting in operational inefficiencies. This study aimed to identify and measure the performance of the pineapple agroindustry supply chain, analyze potential risks within the supply chain, and evaluate risk mitigation actions in the pineapple agroindustry located in Kapuas Regency and Pulang Pisau Regency, Central Kalimantan. The method used to analyze supply chain performance was the SCOR-AHP (Supply Chain Operations Reference-Analytic Hierarchy Process) method, while risk analysis was conducted using the HOR (House of Risk) method. The results showed that the highest supply chain performance score was attributed to the distributor, with a total score of 72.89, categorized as "good." Conversely, the lowest performance was seen among farmers, with a score of 42.55, classified as "marginal." The highest risk for farmers was the low selling price of pineapples, for collectors was price fluctuations, and for pineapple SMEs was inaccurate production planning and scheduling. The prioritized risk mitigation actions for farmers included optimizing the implementation of proper SOPs (Standard Operating Procedure) for pineapple cultivation and post-harvest processes, for collectors was the establishment of standards and agreements with farmers regarding pineapple quality, while the industry focuses on planning, optimizing, monitoring, and periodically evaluating the production process. Additionally, distributors should enhance the marketing reach of the products. Keywords: HOR, performance of supply chain, pineapple, risks, SCOR-AHP
PRODUCT DEMAND FORECASTING: A SOLUTION TO DETERMINE RAW MATERIAL NEEDS FOR COCONUT OIL AGROINDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT
Indonesia is the world’s largest coconut producer, with Indragiri Hilir being one of its major coconut-producing regencies. Despite the extensive coconut plantations in the region, the development of the coconut agroindustry remains underdeveloped. Coconut oil, a high-demand product in international markets, represents a significant opportunity for agroindustrial growth. Effective agroindustrial development requires accurate determination of raw material needs to plan production capacity and ensure efficient operation. Forecasting demand is a critical first step in this process, as it can enhance efficiency, reduce unnecessary raw material stockpiling, and minimise waste. This study aimed to forecast the demand for coconut oil, which is a crucial step for determining raw material requirements in the development of the coconut oil agroindustry. The research integrated ARIMA and mass balance methods. The findings indicated that coconut oil demand was projected to reach 556,749 tons per year from 2025 to 2030, with a corresponding raw material requirement of 4,259,130 tons per year. This study provides valuable insights for both farmer and agroindustry stakeholders in advancing the development of the coconut oil agroindustry. Keywords: agroindustry development, coconut oil, demand forecasting, raw material
LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT OF WET NOODLES PRODUCTS AT MIE CEPET IBU RUBIYEM MICRO SMALL MEDIUM ENTERPRISE (MSME) BANDAR LAMPUNG CITY
Wet noodles are a type of noodle that undergoes a boiling process before being marketed. Activities in the wet noodle production process can produce waste and emissions that have the potential to cause environmental impacts. The resulting environmental impacts include greenhouse gas (GHG), acidification, and eutrophication. The amount of environmental impact produced can be determined through the life cycle assessment (LCA) method. This research aimed to measure the potential impact of GHG emissions, acidification, and eutrophication, and provide recommendations for alternative improvements to reduce the resulting emissions. The scope used was gate-to-gate and the functional unit was1 kg of wet noodles. The environmental impact analysis that has been carried out showed that the amount of GHG, acidification, and eutrophication were 4.72x10-1 kgCO2eq, 1.82 x 10-5 kgSO2eq, and 5.97 x 10-3 kgPO43-eq, respectively. Recommendations for alternative improvements that can be made are (1) Substitution for the use of renewable energy, namely off-grid solar power plants (SPE), which can reduce GHG emissions by 0.19%, acidification by 63.1%, and eutrophication 79.5%. (2) The use of electric vehicles (EV) as the main energy source from off-grid solar power plants can reduce GHG emissions by 0.02% and acidification by 3.64%. (3) Converting wastewater into liquid organic fertilizer (LF) can reduce GHG emissions by 78.4% and eutrophication by 1.12%, and (4) Selling solid waste (SSW) to livestock feed can reduce GHG emissions by 19.2% in all processes. Keywords: acidification, eutrophication, Greenhouse gases (GHG), Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), wet noodles
STUDY OF GLOBAL WARMING POTENTIAL IMPACT FROM MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT USING BIOCONVERSION OF BLACK SOLDIER FLY (Hermetia illucens): CASE STUDY DEPOK CITY
This research comprehensively investigated the global warming potential impact of the municipal solid waste management system using bioconversion of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens). For this purpose, the life cycle assessment methodology was applied to evaluate the global warming potential over a 100-year horizon (GWP100) for the system used by XYZ Ltd. Depok City, identify emission sources and analyze alternative strategies to mitigate environmental impacts. Data collection for this study was conducted at XYZ Ltd. in Depok City, West Java Province, between May and June 2022. This case study focused on a cradle-to-gate analysis with a functional unit of 1 ton of municipal solid waste. The impact assessment results showed that GWP100 impact from bioconversion of municipal solid waste was 3.69E+02 kg CO2 eq. Solid waste disposed through open dumping was a dominant contributor of these emissions (2.57E+02 kg CO2 eq). The GHG emissions that were the primary source of these impacts are CH4 (2.47E+02 kg CO2 eq) and CO2 (1.19E+02 kg CO2 eq). Ultimately, the improvement scenarios recommended in this study are the pretreatment of municipal solid waste, substituting photovoltaic electricity use, choosing priority clients with the closest distance, and substituting biocomposite packaging. Implementing these measures will reduce the GWP100 impact by 56.02%. Keywords: BSF bioconversion; global warming potential; Hermetia illucens; LCA; Municipal solid waste
DEVELOPING A QUALITY STANDARD FOR BATIK WITH NATURAL DYES: A PROPOSAL TO IMPROVE BATIK COMPETITIVENESS
This study aimed to develop quality standards for batik using natural dyes to enhance the competitiveness of the product. The method used was the FACTS approach, which included stakeholder analysis, standard comparison, and standard testing. Data were collected through interviews of 25 respondents consisting of government officials, producers, consumers, and experts. The stakeholder analysis involved defining batik with natural dyes, setting quality parameters, gathering testing methods, and technical analysis using the Zachman Framework. Subsequently, a comparison was made between the proposed standards and international standards such as OEKO-TEX® Standard 100 and the Ecological and Recycled Textile Standard (ERTS). Standard testing was then conducted by integrating inputs from stakeholders on the drafted standards. An analysis of willingness to pay was conducted to identify the level of customer readiness to pay more for certified environmentally friendly batik products. Survey results showed that out of 97 respondents, about 87% were willing to pay an additional 20-25% for batik using certified natural dyes. Keywords: Batik, natural dyes, quality standards, sustainability, Zachman Framework
SCHEDULING PLANNING SOYBEAN COMMODITY DISTRIBUTION ACTIVITIES AT CV XYZ USING DISTRIBUTION REQUIREMENT PLANNING (DRP) METHOD
CV XYZ is a company engaged in the distribution of soybean commodities, located in Tangerang Regency. The company distributes its products to five retail outlets across the Jabodetabek area using two operational vehicles. Currently, CV XYZ faced issues with distribution scheduling due to the lack of a fixed policy, leading to occasional increases in delivery frequencies caused by insufficient stock and an inefficient existing scheduling system. As a result, the fulfillment rate of retail demands only reached 93% of the company’s target of 99%, creating a 6% gap that the company aims to address. To resolve this issue, a new distribution scheduling plan was developed using the Distribution Requirement Planning (DRP) method. Distribution Requirement Planning (DRP) method consists of four stages: first Netting for the process of calculating the amount of net requirements, second Lotting for the process of calculating the ideal order quantity, third Offsetting to determine the order plan, and finally the fourth explosion for the process of calculating gross requirements in distribution. The results of the new plan show an increase in the fulfillment rate of retail demands to 99.8%. Additionally, total distribution costs were successfully minimized, decreasing from Rp 593,980,120 to Rp 551,934,498, resulting in a saving of Rp 42,045,622 or approximately 7% of the previous total distribution costs. Keywords: inventory, scheduling, distribution, distribution requirement planning (DRP)
DESIGNING AN INSTITUTIONAL MODEL FOR THE SUNFLOWER AGRO- INDUSTRY SUPPLY CHAIN
This research aimed to design an institutional model and information system to improve the sustainability of the sunflower agro-industry supply chain in Indonesia. The sunflower agro-industry has great potential, but it is hampered by the lack of an optimal institutional structure. This causes the competitiveness and sustainability of the sunflower agro-industry supply chain to be low. Focusing on the sunflower agro-industry in Bandung Regency and its surroundings, this research used a systems approach to analyze the situational conditions and needs of the sunflower agro-industry. Then, the institutional model was designed using the Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) method. Furthermore, the institutional information system model was designed to support institutional operations using the design system approach. The analysis and design of this information system was limited to the design of the graphical user interface, not to the design of the database. The research results show that the situational condition of the sunflower agro-industry was not yet optimal and requires an institutional design that can improve the sustainability and competitiveness of the agro-industry supply chain. Based on the result using ISM, a proposed institutional model was designed. In addition, a design model for a supporting information system was also designed that would support operations in the institutional program. This research is expected to provide contributions to companies with output given in the form of a proposed institutional model design and the basis for creating an institutional information support system. Research can be continued and developed in more depth and can be implemented optimally. Keywords : institutional model, information system, sunflower agro-industry, sustainability, supply chain
LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT OF GRANULATED COCONUT SUGAR PRODUCTION FARMERS LEVEL IN PURWOREJO
Granulated coconut sugar is a powdered coconut sugar manufactured by Purworejo farmers from the sap of the coconut. Farmers' usage of simple technologies is the primary cause of environmental problems due to poor efficiency levels and uncontrolled emission emissions. The objectives of this research were to identify the stages of the granulated coconut sugar production farmer level process, from coconut sap to farmers' granulated coconut sugar, and then analyze the total environmental impact of granulated coconut sugar production farmer level process using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach and the CML-IA Baseline calculation method. The study's scope included an inventory of "gate-to-gate" inputs and outputs, computation of each stage of the process from sap heating to granulated coconut sugar, and interpretation of the calculation results. The amount of impact created per 1 kg of farmer-produced coconut sugar was employed as the unit of function in the analysis of the consequent environmental impact. SimaPro 9.4.0.2 software was used to calculate environmental impact analysis. The GWP impact of manufacturing 1 kilogram of farmer granulated coconut sugar was 4.76E-02 kg CO2 eq, the AP impact was 9.45E-04 kg SO2 eq, and the EP impact was 2.77E-04 kg PO4 eq. The biggest GWP effect contribution indicator was the use of LPG, which was 2.89E-02 kg CO2 eq, while the largest AP and EP impact contribution indicator was the use of firewood, which was 8.16E-04 kg SO2 eq and 2.12E-04 kg PO4 eq. The improvement scenario of the granulated coconut sugar production farmer level process, namely substituting the use of firewood with rice husks, reduces 85% of the total AP impact and reduces 93% of the total EP impact. Keywords: environmental impact, granulated coconut sugar, life cycle assessment, SimaPro
POTENTIAL OF GOROHO BANANA FLOUR AND TANDUK BANANA FLOUR FROM NORTH MALUKU AS ALTERNATIVE FOOD INGREDIENTS
Goroho bananas and tanduk bananas are local bananas found in all districts/cities in North Maluku. These two types of bananas are usually consumed in North Maluku in the form of traditional foods. In order to be processed into other derivative products and to have a longer shelf life, the product innovation that can be done is to process them into banana flour. Banana flour can also be an alternative source of carbohydrates and has the potential to replace wheat flour which is still imported. So that banana flour is expected to be an alternative food ingredient. The purpose of this study was to determine the physicochemical characteristics of goroho banana flour and tanduk banana flour. In addition, this study aims to determine the potential of goroho banana flour and tanduk banana flour as alternative food ingredients. The research design used was a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design, with the treatment factor being the type of banana (goroho banana and tanduk banana). The results of the study showed that the physicochemical characteristics of goroho banana flour were 30% yield, color L 84.48, a* 1.18, b* 17.78, carbohydrate 82.91%, protein content 3.51%, total fat content 1.41%, water content 9.69%, ash content 2.50%, total energy 358.31 Kcal/100g, energy from fat 12.65 Kcal/100g and pH 5.43. The physicochemical characteristics of tanduk banana flour are yield 31%, color L 82.36, a* 2.85, b* 18.36, carbohydrate 83.69%, protein content 2.65%, total fat content 1.54%, water content 10.19%, ash content 1.94%, total energy 359.2 Kcal/100g, energy from fat 13.86 Kcal/100g and pH 6.38. The physicochemical characteristics of goroho and tanduk banana flour from North Maluku give both the potential as alternative food ingredients. Keywords: alternative food ingredients, Goroho banana flour, tanduk banana flour, North Maluku
SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN PRODUCTION OF EDIBLE BIOFILM FROM MINT LEAF ESSENTIAL OIL AS AN ANTIMICROBIAL
Poor packaging can definitely contribute to food spoilage, reducing food quality and shelf life. Active packaging using edible biofilm with antimicrobial essential oils can inhibit microbial growth and extend product freshness. The purpose of this study was to classify edible biofilm products to determine their quality and predict proper drying conditions. The method involved system modeling using Unified Modeling Language (UML) and Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) to map the production process from raw material handling to industrial scale manufacturing. Subsequently, machine learning models were applied: the Decision Tree model for classifying product quality including physical, mechanical, and antimicrobial properties and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) linear regression for predicting drying parameters. The research steps consisted of creating system models to improve clarity and team alignment, collecting relevant data on elongation, tensile strength, moisture content, and antimicrobial activity, then applying the Decision Tree for quality classification and antimicrobial categorization into four levels. OLS regression was used to model the relationship between drying conditions and final moisture content. Results demonstrated that UML and BPMN modeling enhanced understanding and consistency in production flow. The Decision Tree classified edible biofilm quality into three categories with 80.5% accuracy and antimicrobial ability into four inhibitory levels with 95% accuracy. The OLS regression predicted drying outcomes with 64% explanatory power and statistical significance (p-value < 0.05). This study contributes to intelligent packaging development by integrating system modeling and machine learning, enabling early classification a nd drying prediction to improve quality control, efficiency, and reliability in active food packaging. Keywords: antrimicobe, decision tree, edible biofilm, linear regression, use case
MULTI-OBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION MODEL FOR BIOENERGY SUPPLY CHAIN DISTRIBUTION
Determining optimal distribution routes in managing efficient transportation distances is a challenge in the bioenergy supply chain. Adequate distribution arrangements can improve distribution in the bioenergy supply chain. Optimizing distribution arrangements can help reduce transportation costs, avoid delays, and improve distribution efficiency. The optimal distribution strategy must consider choosing routes that minimize distribution distances from agricultural centres to power plants. This study aimed to determine the location of collection points and optimal distribution routes in the distribution of the bioenergy supply chain. Centre of gravity (COG) method for locating collection centres. Determination of optimal distribution routes with a combination of ME-MCDM and spatial Dijkstra approaches. The results showed that the centre point at -60.53'42.6" S and 105.035'70.8" E is the biomass collection area for suitable bioenergy. Our proposed method of spatial combination of Dijkstra and multicriteria decision making (ME-MCDM) based on Expert considerations on a more logical bioenergy optimal distribution solution, taking into account sustainability, has TAV 1700,74 with P (V1, V5) = (V1, V2, V4, V5). Managerial Implications for Bioenergy-Producing Companies and Policy Stakeholders From operational efficiency to reducing carbon emissions, this model can help companies better manage their bioenergy distribution and contribute to business sustainability. Keywords: bioenergy distribution, Centre of Gravity (COG), model optimisation, ME-MCDM Spatial Dijkstra