Effect of Bio-Organic Fertilizer on Soil Organism in Experimental Oil Palm Plantation Cikabayan, Bogor, Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29244/jitl.27.1.7-15Keywords:
bio-organic fertilizer, oil palm, soil fauna, soil microbeAbstract
The use of chemical-based fertilizer continuously without addition of organic matter may have hazardous effects on the environment. Numerous studies have shown that chemical-based fertilizers may disrupt the balance of soil properties, including physical, chemical, and biological properties. Bio-organic fertilizers have become one of the alternative answers to oil palm sustainability and a replacement for chemical-based fertilizers to promote and provide a better service to the soil and environment. This study aims to analyze the effect of application of biofertilizers combined with different dosages of organic matter (bio-organic fertilizers), i.e. 0 kg tree-1, 6 kg tree-1, and 12 kg tree-1, respectively. The study was conducted in Cikabayan Experimental Oil Palm Plantation, Bogor, West Java with 12 year-old-plant oil palm, from May to November 2023. The study showed an increase in the population density of the soil organisms after application of bio-organic fertilizers, especially with the dose of 6 kg tree-1. The change in the soil fauna community structure was also observed in this study, where Collembola dominated the ecosystem after fertilization. These findings offer practical strategies to mitigate the negative impacts of traditional fertilizers. Moreover, the study highlights the role of bio-organic fertilizers in enhancing soil biodiversity by increasing the populations of beneficial soil organisms.
Downloads
References
Adelowo, F.E., S.O. Oladeji, and K.A. Odelade. 2016. The Spectrophotometric Evaluation of Phosphate in Soil Samples. MAYFEB Journal of Environmental Science, 1: 20–29.
Bierer, A.M., A.B. Leytem, C.W. Rogers, and R.S. Dungan. 2021. Evaluation of a microplate spectrophotometer for soil organic carbon determination in south-central Idaho. Soil Science Society of American Journal, 85: 438–451.
Birkhofer, K., T. Diekötter, S. Boch, M. Fischer, J. Müller, S. Socher, and V. Wolters. 2011. Soil fauna feeding activity in temperate grassland soils increases with legume and grass species richness. Soil Biology Biochemistry, 43: 2200–2207.
Das, H.K. 2019. Azotobacter as a biofertilizer. Advances in Applied Microbiology, 108: 1–43.
de Jesus, A., M.M. Silva, and M.G.R. Vale. 2008. The use of microemulsion for determination of sodium and potassium in biodiesel by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Talanta, 74: 1378–1384.
Ekamaida. 2017. Counting total bacteria in land organic waste household and land inorganic with total plate count method (TPC). Journal of Agrisamudra, 4: 87–91.
[FAO] Food and Agriculture Organization. 2021. Standard operating procedure for soil pH determination. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Publ. Com., Rome. 10-14 pp.
Frouz, J. 2018. Effects of soil macro- and mesofauna on litter decomposition and soil organic matter stabilization. Geoderma, 332:161–172.
Geisseler, D., and K.M. Scow. 2014. Long-term effects of mineral fertilizers on soil microorganisms - A review. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 75: 54 – 63.
Iswati, R., L.Q. Aini, Soemarno, and A.L. Abadi. 2024. Exploration and characterization of indigenous Trichoderma spp. as antagonist of Rhizoctonia solani and plant growth promoter of maize. Biodiversitas, 25: 1375–1385.
Kilowasid, L.M.H., M.F. Sanjaya, L. Sabaruddin, R. Hasid, D. Sulaeman, and A. Nurmas. 2021. The use of soil biostructures created by soil fauna ecosystem engineers fed with different organic materials as inoculum source of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi on cocoa seedling. Sains Tanah Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology, 18(2): 166-176.
Kramer, C., and G. Gleixner. 2008. Soil organic matter in soil depth profiles: Distinct carbon preferences of microbial groups during carbon transformation. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 40: 425–433.
Li, Y., S.J. Chapman, G.W. Nicol, and H. Yao. 2018. Nitrification and nitrifiers in acidic soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 116: 290–301.
Liebke, D.F., D. Harms, R. Widyastuti, S. Scheu, A.M. Potapov, and J.F. Blumenbach. 2021. Impact of rainforest conversion into monoculture plantation systems on pseudoscorpion density, diversity and trophic niches. Journal of Soil Organisms, 93: 83–95.
Mukrin, M., Y. Ysran, and B. Toknok. 2019. Population of fungi and soil bacteria in agroforestry and mixed garden land in Ngata Katuvua Dongi-Dongi, Palolo District, Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi. Journal of Forest Science, 16: 77–84.
Naher, U.A., J.C. Biswas, Md., Maniruzzaman, F.H. Khan, Md.I.U. Sarkar, A. Jahan, Md.H.R. Hera, Md.B. Hossain, A. Islam, Md.R. Islam, and Md.S. Kabir. 2021. Bio-Organic Fertilizer: A Green Technology to Reduce Synthetic N and P Fertilizer for Rice Production. Frontiers in Plant Science, 12: 1-14.
Negri, I. 2004. Spatial distribution of Collembola in presence and absence of a predator. Pedobiologia, 48: 585–588.
Nurkanto, A. 2007. Identification of soil actinomycetes in Bukit Bangkirai fire forest East Kalimantan and its potential as cellulolytic and phosphate solubilizing. Biodiversitas, 8: 314–319.
Oktavia, H.F., D. Susilastuti, A. Aditiameri, M. Husin, S.M.L. Tobing, and F.D. Rahmayanti. 2020. Empowering farmers in reducing residue through environmentally friendly farming at BPP Tambun Utara, Bekasi Regency. Journal of Community Service, 2: 27–38.
Potapov, A., R. Bonnier, D. Sandmann, S. Wang, R. Widyastuti, S. Scheu, and V. Krashevska. 2020. Above ground soil supports high levels of biological activity in oil palm plantations. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 18: 181–187.
Prabhu, N., S. Borkar, and S. Garg. 2019. Phosphate solubilization by microorganisms: Overview, mechanisms, applications and advances. Advances in Biological Science Research, 11: 161–176.
Rai, S., and N. Shukla. 2020. Biofertilizer: An alternative of synthetic fertilizer. Plant Archives, 20: 1374 – 1379.
Sabatini, M.A., M. Ventura, and G. Innocenti. 2004. Do Collembola affect the competitive relationships among soil-borne plant pathogenic fungi. Pedobiologia, 48: 603–608.
Sáez-Plaza, P., M.J. Navas, S. Wybraniec, T. Michałowski, and A.G. Asuero. 2013. An Overview of the Kjeldahl Method of Nitrogen Determination. Part II. Sample Preparation, Working Scale, Instrumental Finish, and Quality Control. Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry, 43: 224 – 272.
Setiawati, M.R., N. Afrilandha, R. Hindersah, P. Suryatmana, B.N. Fitriatin, N.N. Kamaluddin. 2023. The effect of beneficial microorganism as biofertilizer application in hydroponic-grown tomato. Sains Tanah Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology, 20(1): 66-77.
Stevik, T.K., K. Aa, G. Ausland, and J.F. Hanssen. 2004. Retention and removal of pathogenic bacteria in wastewater percolating through porous media: A review. Water Research, 38: 1355–1367.
Susanti, W.I., T. Bartels, V. Krashevska, R. Widyastuti, L. Deharveng, S. Scheu, and A. Potapov. 2021. Conversion of rainforest into oil palm and rubber plantations affects the functional composition of litter and soil Collembola. Ecology and Evolution, 11: 10686–10708.
Tao, C., R. Li, W. Xiong, Z. Shen, S. Liu, B. Wan, Y. Ruan, S. Geisen, Z. Shen, and G.A. Kowalchuk. 2020. Bio-organic fertilizers stimulate indigenous soil Pseudomonas populations to enhance plant disease suppression. Microbiome, 8: 137
Tiemann, T.T., C.R. Donough, Y.L. Lim, R. Härdter, R. Norton, H.H. Tao, R. Jaramillo, T. Satyanarayana, S. Zingore, and T. Oberthür. 2018. Feeding the Palm: A Review of Oil Palm Nutrition. Advances in Agronomy, 152: 149 – 243.
Wang, Y., M. Liu, Z. Di, W. Cao, and S. He. 2024. Feasibility Analysis of Bacterial-Treated Coal Gangue for Soil Improvement: Growth-Promoting Effects of Alfalfa. Minerals, 14: 676.
Wei, H., W. Liu, J. Zhang, and Z. Qin. 2017. Effects of simulated acid rain on soil fauna community composition and their ecological niches. Environmental Pollution, 220: 460 – 468.
Widiyawati, I., A. Junaedi, and R. Widyastuti. 2014. The role of Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria to reduce the rate of inorganic nitrogen fertilizer on lowland Rice fields. Journal of Agronomy Indonesia, 42: 96 – 102.
Xu, M., D. Fralick, J.Z. Zheng, B. Wang, X.M. Tu, and C. Feng. 2017. The differences and similarities between two-sample t-test and paired t-test. Shanghai Archives of Psychiatry, 29: 184 – 188.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Department of Soil Science and Land Resources Departemen Ilmu Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan, Faculty of Agriculture Fakultas Pertanian, IPB University
