Fruiting Tree Used by Greater Bird-of-Paradise (Paradisaea apoda) in Logging Concession in South Papua
Abstract
The greater bird-of-paradise (Paradisaea apoda), known as an endemic bird of the Papuan region, plays a vital role in seed dispersal. While habitat conversion threatens populations, empirical data on foraging ecology within managed landscapes remain scarce. This study evaluated the structural characteristics and dietary preferences of fruiting trees utilized by Paradisaea apoda. Fieldwork was conducted in the PT Inocin Abadi concession, South Papua, for 75 days from July to September 2023 and September 2024. Feeding trees were confirmed at nine observation points based on direct observation, relatively extended periods with fruit-handling movements, and evidence of fallen fruits. Vegetation structural attributes were quantified across 18 sampling sites using squared line transects. Species dominance was evaluated using the Importance Value Index (IVI). Of the five tree species recorded, six were identified as food sources, with direct consumption observed for Myristica inspida and Oncosperma tigillarium. The consumed fruit dimensions ranged from 5.97 to 40.07 mm in length and 6.19 to 25.40 mm in diameter. The IVI analysis revealed no single species dominance, reflecting an even co-dominant structural profile within the concession area. Two food plants (Calophyllum soulattri and Myrstica fatua) overlap with commercial timber species. To maintain habitat suitability, concession areas must enforce non-harvesting policies within river buffer zones and integrate food plants into retention-tree guidelines and enrichment planting programs.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Tri Ananda Nur Ikhsan, Yeni Aryati Mulyani, Ani Mardiastuti, Raka Aditya Pramunandya, Vinoba Chandra
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