Meningkatkan Keterlibatan Kerja Street-Level Bureaucrats: Analisis Model Mediasi Ganda Job Burnout dan Perceived Organizational Support pada Pengaruh Servant leadership dan Job Autonomy

Abstract

High performance target pressures due to bureaucratic transformation potentially trigger extreme job burnout, threatening the work engagement of civil servants serving as industrial functional officials (street-level bureaucrats). This study aims to analyze the influence of servant leadership and job autonomy on work engagement through a dual mediation model of perceived organizational support (POS) and job burnout. A confirmatory quantitative approach was employed using a survey method with a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected from 328 industrial functional and analyzed using the covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM) method. The results show that servant leadership and job autonomy have a positive and significant direct effect on work engagement. Meanwhile, job burnout is proven to have a significant negative direct effect on work engagement ( = -0.250, t-value = -4.42). Specifically, the mediation analysis proves that reducing job burnout is a significant and effective intermediary mechanism in facilitating work engagement (SL JB WE path, = 0.060, t-value = 1.95; JA JB WE path, = 0.025, t-value = 1.76). Conversely, direct mediation through POS is not statistically significant (SL POS WE path, = 0.050, t-value = 0.80; JA POS WE path, = 0.006, t-value = 0.74) because POS has no significant direct effect on work engagement ( = 0.070, t-value = 0.80). Nonetheless, POS successfully facilitates work engagement when operating sequentially to reduce job burnout first (SL POS JB WE path, = 0.046, t-value = 2.25). In conclusion, enhancing the work engagement of functional officials requires a dual intervention strategy, namely the implementation of servant leadership to build emotional support and the provision of measured job autonomy to prevent emotional exhaustion.