Soil CO₂ Emissions in Jakarta Urban Forests: The Role of Canopy Cover Versus Environmental Factors

Ade Irma Elvira; Ibrahim Arif; Carla Mariana Nainggolan; Destia Puri Prela Renita; Nadia Asmawari Putri; Mufti Petala Patria; Nurdin Nurdin; Ivan Ivanovich Vasenev

doi:10.7226/jtfm.32.1.27

Ade Irma Elvira⁽¹⁾ , Ibrahim Arif⁽²⁾ , Carla Mariana Nainggolan⁽³⁾ , Destia Puri Prela Renita⁽⁴⁾ , Nadia Asmawari Putri⁽⁵⁾ , Mufti Petala Patria⁽⁶⁾ , Erwin Nurdin⁽⁷⁾ , Ivan Ivanovich Vasenev⁽⁸⁾

(1) Departement of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, UI Campus Depok, Pondok Cina, Depok, Indonesia 16424,

(2) Russian Timiryazev State Agrarian University, Timiryazevskaya Street dom 49, Moscow, Russian Federation 127434,

(3) Departement of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, UI Campus Depok, Pondok Cina, Depok, Indonesia 16424,

(4) Departement of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, UI Campus Depok, Pondok Cina, Depok, Indonesia 16424,

(5) Departement of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, UI Campus Depok, Pondok Cina, Depok, Indonesia 16424,

(6) Departement of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, UI Campus Depok, Pondok Cina, Depok, Indonesia 16424,

(7) Departement of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, UI Campus Depok, Pondok Cina, Depok, Indonesia 16424,

(8) Russian Timiryazev State Agrarian University, Timiryazevskaya Street dom 49, Moscow, Russian Federation 127434

https://doi.org/10.7226/jtfm.32.1.27

Issue
Vol. 32 No. 1 (2026)

Submitted
March 2, 2025

Published
January 10, 2026

Keywords:

soil CO2 emissions, ecological factors, urban ecosystem, vegetation canopy cover, greenhouse gas capture method

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Abstract

Increasing carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions encourages global warming and climate change. Soil can store CO₂ emissions, which are absorbed by vegetation. Studies on the dynamics of soil CO₂ gas emission fluxes with differences in the percentage of vegetation canopy cover in the urban forest ecosystem of the Jakarta Region have never been frequently carried out. This research aims to analyze and compare the dynamics of soil CO₂gas emission fluxes in the urban forest ecosystem of the Jakarta Region with different percentages of vegetation canopy cover and analyze the relationship between air temperature, soil moisture, soil temperature, and soil acidity (pH) with carbon gas emission fluxes soil dioxide. The research method used is the greenhouse gas capture method, which uses a chamber to measure environmental factors and data analysis using the Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearman correlation. The results showed no significant difference between the percentage of vegetation canopy cover in the urban forest ecosystem and the soil CO₂gas emissions flux. Environmental factors related to the flux of CO₂ emissions from soil in the urban forest ecosystem of the Jakarta Region are soil moisture and soil pH. Further research is recommended to measure other environmental factors, such as nutrients and soil organic carbon, to obtain more comprehensive research results on the dynamics of soil CO₂gas emission fluxes.

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