Induksi Rimpang Mikro Kaempferia parviflora secara In Vitro dengan Penambahan BAP dan Sukrosa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29244/jhi.6.1.54-63Abstract
ABSTRACT
Kaempferia parviflora is a medicinal plant that contains secondary metabolites and effective in alleviating some diseases. Rapid multiplication of K. parviflora through its rhizome is hampered by the long period needed to produce the rhizome. The objectives of this research were to obtain the best sucrose concentration and to determine the best BAP concentration in the in vitro microrhizome induction of K. parviflora. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with two factors and three replications. The first factor was BAP concentration, consisted of three levels i.e. 0, 2, and 4 mg L1. The second factor was sucrose concentration, consisted of four levels i.e. 0, 30, 60, and 90 g L1. Data obtained were analyzed by F-test, followed by DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test) at 5% significant level. Sucrose concentration significantly affected the number of shoots and plantlets fresh weight. The results showed that K. parviflora could form micro rhizome in vitro, as indicated by similar anatomical structure compared to the rhizome produced in vivo. K. parviflora cultured in MS medium containing 90 g L1sucrose without BAP had the highest number of micro rhizome at 8 weeks after culture.
Keywords: health, black galingale, traditional medicine
ABSTRAK
Kaempferia parviflora merupakan tanaman obat yang mengandung metabolit sekunder dan berkhasiat untuk mengobati berbagai macam penyakit. Perbanyakan K. parviflora menggunakan rimpang terkendala oleh lamanya waktu untuk memproduksi rimpang di lapang, yaitu mencapai 8 bulan setelah tanam. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah memperoleh konsentrasi sukrosa terbaik dan konsentrasi BAP terbaik dalam induksi rimpang mikro K. parviflora. Percobaan ini disusun berdasarkan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak dengan dua faktor dan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah konsentrasi BAP dengan 3 taraf, yaitu 0, 2, dan 4 mg L1. Faktor kedua adalah konsentrasi sukrosa dengan 4 taraf, yaitu 0, 30, 60, dan 90 g L1. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan uji F dan apabila berpengaruh nyata, maka dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test) pada taraf α= 5 %. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa K. parviflora dapat membentuk rimpang mikro in vitro. Hal tersebut ditunjukkan oleh struktur anatomi rimpang mikro yang serupa dengan rimpang in vivo. K. parviflora yang dikulturkan pada media MS yang mengandung 90 g L1sukrosa tanpa BAP memiliki jumlah rimpang mikro tertinggi pada 8 MSP.
Kata kunci: kesehatan, kencur hitam, obat tradisional
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