Perbandingan Pola Pita Isoenzim 15 Aksesi Pamelo (Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr.) Berbiji dan Tidak Berbiji dan Hubungan Kekerabatannya
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29244/jhi.3.1.42-48Abstract
ABSTRACT
There are many pummelo accessions in Indonesia, some of them are seedless. The objective of this work was to compare isoenzyme banding patterns and to assess the genetic similarity of seeded and seedless pummelo accessions. Electrophoresis analysis of proteins extracted from leaf tissues was uti lized to detect polymorphisms i.e. five isoenzymes (esterase (EST), peroxidase (PER), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), acid phosphatase (ACP) and aspartate amino transferase (AAT). Based on principal component analysis, characters having the main role in classifying pummelo accessions were MDH (Rf 0.14 and Rf 0.27) and ACP (Rf 0.24 and Rf 0.33). The accessions showed high range genetic similarity (28.6-94.7%), and at similarity coefficient 0.53 they were classified into seeded and seedless groups. It was concluded that isoenzymes can be used as markers in differentiating seeded and seedless pummelo accessions.
Key words: genetic similarity, electrophoresis, marker, principal component analysis, polymorphism
ABSTRAK
Indonesia memiliki banyak aksesi pamelo, baik yang berbiji maupun tidak berbiji. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan pola pita isoenzim dan mengetahui keanekaragaman genetik antar aksesi pamelo berbiji dan tidak berbiji. Analisis isoenzim untuk mendeteksi polimorfisme dilakukan dengan cara elektroforesis menggunakan lima sistem enzim, yaitu esterase (EST), peroksidase (PER), malat dehidrogenase (MDH), asam fosfatase (ACP) dan aspartat amino transferase (AAT). Hasil analisis komponen utama menunjukkan bahwa karakter yang berperan penting dalam pengelompokan aksesi pamelo adalah MDH (Rf 0.14 dan Rf 0.27) dan ACP (Rf 0.24 dan Rf 0.33). Tingkat kesamaan genetik aksesi pamelo berkisar antara 28.6-94.7%, dan pada koefisien kemiripan 0.53 aksesi pamelo dibedakan atas kelompok berbiji dan tidak berbiji. Dengan demikian isoenzim dapat digunakan sebagai penanda dalam membedakan aksesi pamelo berbiji dan tidak berbiji.
Kata kunci: kemiripan genetik, elektroforesis, penanda, analisis komponen utama, polimorfisme
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