Organogenic callus regeneration of two ornamental foliage plant species Alocasia spp. under different cytokinin types and concentrations
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29244/jhi.17.2.147-161Abstract
This study examined the organogenic callus regeneration of two ornamental foliage plants, Alocasia cuprea and Alocasia rugosa 'Melo Badak', in response to three cytokinin types (kinetin, 2-iP, and Meta-Topolin) applied at 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mg L-1. The research was conducted at the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory of the National Research and Innovation
Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, from October 2024 to February 2025, using a factorial completely randomized design (genotype × medium composition, three replications). Eleven response variables were recorded up to 16 weeks after planting (WAP). Genotype significantly influenced root-initiation time, shoot-primordia number (4 and 12 WAP), shoot height (12 WAP), leaf size, root number and length, chlorophyll content, and fresh weight, with Alocasia rugosa generally outperforming Alocasia cuprea. Medium composition significantly affected shoot-primordia number at 8 WAP and carotenoid content, while the genotype × medium interaction was significant only for chlorophyll (P<0.05) and carotenoid content (P<0.01); for the remaining parameters the two factors acted independently. Shoot number and fresh-weight accumulation followed a sigmoid growth pattern, comprising slow (0–4 WAP), exponential (5–8 WAP), and stationary (9–16 WAP) phases. Among the tested combinations, Alocasia rugosa supplied with 1.0–1.5 mg L-1 Meta-Topolin or 1.0 mg L-1 2-iP produced the statistically highest chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, whereas for the remaining, non-interacting traits Alocasia rugosa and 1.5 mg L-1 Meta-Topolin were independently associated with the most favourable mean responses. These findings can serve as a baseline protocol for mass propagation of both species, supporting the ornamental plant industry and ex situ conservation.
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