Penggunaan Pupuk Hayati Endomikoriza untuk Meningkatkan Efisiensi Pemupukan N, P, dan K pada Jagung Manis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29244/jhi.16.2.117-124Abstract
Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) nutrients are essential for sweet corn growth and yield. N, P, and
K fertilizer is increasingly limited and expensive, so it should be an efficient application. Endomycorrhiza is a mycorrhiza
that is symbiotic with roots, forming a hyphae network that expands the root surface to absorb nutrients. The objective of this
research was to study the role of Endomycorrhiza to the efficiency of N, P, and K fertilization. There were six levels: without
fertilization, fertilization of 1.00 dose of Standard NPK, 1.00 dose of Standard NPK+Endomycorrhiza, 0.75 dose of Standard
NPK+Endomycorrhiza, 0.50 dose of Standard NPK+Endomycorrhiza, and 0.25 dose of Standard NPK+Endomycorrhiza.
Standard NPK is 135 kg N, 72 kg P2O5, and 120 kg K2O per hectare. The dose of Endomycorrhizal biofertilizer (2.1 x 103
CFU g-1 active mycorrhizal propagules) was 800 kg per hectare. The treatments were repeated 4 times. The number of leaves
at 8 weeks after planting without fertilization was the least (11.8 leaves), which were fertilized with 1.00, 0.75, 0.50, and 0.25
doses of Standard NPK+Endomycorrhizae were more (average 13.7 leaves) than 1.0 dose of Standard NPK without mycorrhizae
(12.9 leaves). The yield of husked cobs from 1.00, 0.75, and 0.50 doses of Standard NPK+Endomycorrhizae were similar and
higher (average 5.44 tons ha-1) than 1.00 dose of Standard NPK without Endomycorrhizae (4.72 tons ha-1). The Endomycorrhiza
biofertilizer could save 50% of the standard NPK dose with 11.2% higher results.
Keywords: corn cob weight, hyphae, mycorrhiza, propagules, symbiosis
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