Seed Diversity Five Species of Chili (Capsicum spp.) Based on Morphological Characters and Seed Viability

Keanekaragaman Benih Lima Spesies Cabai (Capsicum spp.) Melalui Karakter Morfologi dan Viabilitas Benih

Authors

  • Undang Seed Industry Technology Study Program, Collage of Vocational Studies, Bogor Agricultural University, Kampus IPB Cilibende Jl. Kumbang No. 14 Bogor, 16151, Indonesia
  • Muhamad Syukur Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University, Jl. Meranti, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
  • Yudiwanti Wahyu Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University, Jl. Meranti, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
  • Abdul Qadir Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University, Jl. Meranti, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
  • Siti Marwiyah Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University, Jl. Meranti, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
  • Punjung Medaraji Suwarno Seed Industry Technology Study Program, Collage of Vocational Studies, Bogor Agricultural University, Kampus IPB Cilibende Jl. Kumbang No. 14 Bogor, 16151, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29244/jhi.16.1.47-57

Abstract

Chili seeds have a lot of diversity and are a cultivation success. Identification of chili seed diversity and seed viability testing is needed as one step in assembling varieties and providing quality seeds. The objective of this study was to obtain information on seed shape, beak protrusion, 1000-seed weight, and seed viability. The study was conducted on 63 chili genotypes from 5 species (Capsicum annuum, C. frutescens, C. chinense, C. baccatum, and C. pubescens) in February-July 2023 at the IPB Seed Science and Technology Laboratory, using a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. Observations include the morphological and physiological properties of chili seeds. Chili seeds are generally yellowish white with a beak protrusion, except C. pubescens (black color, no beak protrusion), kidney-shaped seeds (C. annuum), oval (C. baccatum), teardrops (C. frutescens), D-shaped (C. pubescens), circular with a fish mouth (C. chinense). The chili species observed had various sizes of 1000-seed weight (light (<3.90 g), medium (3.90-5.68 g), and heavy (>5.68 g). Genetic diversity of germination, maximum growth potential, vigor index, growth rate, and growth simultaneity were categorized broadly, while normal dry weight of sprouts, growth rate, and 1,000 seed weight were categorized narrowly. Seed size did not affect the percentage of seed germination. The C.pubescens species had different seed characteristics from other Capsicum species, while the C.annuum species had similarities with C.frutescens, C.chinense, and C.baccatum.

Keywords: chili, diversity, morphology, seeds, species

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Downloads

Published

2025-04-25

Issue

Vol. 16 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia (JHI)

Section

Articles

License

You are free to:

  1. Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
  2. Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
  3. The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.

Under the following terms:

  1. Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
  2. ShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
  3. No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.

Notices:

You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation.

No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.

How to Cite

Seed Diversity Five Species of Chili (Capsicum spp.) Based on Morphological Characters and Seed Viability: Keanekaragaman Benih Lima Spesies Cabai (Capsicum spp.) Melalui Karakter Morfologi dan Viabilitas Benih. (2025). Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia (JHI), 16(1), 47-57. https://doi.org/10.29244/jhi.16.1.47-57