Deteksi Squash mosaic virus pada Lima Varietas Mentimun (Cucumis sativus L.)

Authors

  • Erika Rosminim Purba
  • Susanti Mugi Lestari
  • Yudia Nurhaelena
  • Sri Hendrastuti Hidayat

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29244/jhi.8.2.104-110

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Squash mosaic virus (SqMV) is a seed-borne pathogen which infect many Cucurbitaceae crops.  Infection of SqMV has been reported from several vegetable growing areas in Indonesia. The objective of this research was to determine the percentage of seed-borne SqMV on five cucumber varieties i.e. ‘Jupiter’, ‘Venus’, ‘Japan File’, ‘Vario’, and ‘Calista’ and the effect of SqMV infection on mosaic disease development. Five cucumber varieties were mechanically inoculated with SqMV, followed by observation on symptom development, incubation period, and disease incidence. Seed-borne virus was detected by Dot Immunobinding Assay (DIBA) and indirect Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods following growing-on test. The plants showed varied symptoms including green mosaic, green-yellow mosaic, vein clearing, and fruit malformation. Disease severity and virus titer showed general trend, i.e. low during inflorescence period and increasing on fruiting period; with the exception on ‘Japan File’ which showed decreasing of disease severity since generative phase. All commercial seeds (F1) tested evidently infected by SqMV with high incidence (100%), whereas infection of SqMV on F2 seeds of ‘Venus’ reached 60.87%.

Keywords: DIBA, disease incidence, ELISA, seed transmission, virus titer

 

 

ABSTRAK 

Squash mosaic virus (SqMV) adalah patogen terbawa benih yang banyak menginfeksi tanaman Cucurbitaceae, dan keberadaannya di Indonesia sudah meluas. Tujuan penelitian ialah mengetahui persentase SqMV terbawa benih pada lima varietas mentimun yaitu ‘Yupiter’, ‘Venus’, ‘Japan File’, ‘Vario’, dan ‘Calista’ dan mengetahui pengaruh infeksi SqMV terhadap perkembangan penyakit mosaik. Lima varietas mentimun diinokulasi dengan SqMV secara mekanis kemudian diamati gejala yang muncul, periode inkubasi, dan insidensi penyakit. Pengujian virus terbawa benih dilakukan dengan menumbuhkan benih, selanjutnya deteksi virus dilakukan menggunakan metode Dot Immunobinding Assay (DIBA) dan indirect Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Tanaman mentimun menunjukkan gejala infeksi SqMV yang bervariasi yaitu mosaik hijau, mosaik kuning hijau, pemucatan tulang daun, dan malformasi pada buah. Pengamatan keparahan penyakit dan titer virus menunjukkan pola perkembangan penyakit mosaik yaitu menurun pada fase berbunga dan meningkat lagi pada fase berbuah, kecuali varietas Japan File memberikan respons yang berbeda karena penurunan keparahan penyakit berlanjut sejak fase generatif. Benih komersial (F1) yang banyak digunakan petani terbukti membawa SqMV dengan infeksi mencapai 100% dan tanaman varietas ‘Venus’ yang terinfeksi SqMV menghasilkan benih keturunan (F2) yang membawa SqMV dengan efisiensi mencapai 60.87%.

Kata kunci: DIBA, ELISA, insidensi penyakit, titer virus, tular benih

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Published

2017-08-10

Issue

Vol. 8 No. 2 (2017): Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia

Section

Articles

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How to Cite

Deteksi Squash mosaic virus pada Lima Varietas Mentimun (Cucumis sativus L.). (2017). Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia (JHI), 8(2), 104-110. https://doi.org/10.29244/jhi.8.2.104-110