Eliminasi Onion yellow dwarf virus melalui Kultur Meristem Tip pada Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.)

Authors

  • Aqlima ,
  • Bambang S. Purwoko
  • Sri Hendrastuti Hidayat
  • Diny Dinarti

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29244/jhi.8.1.22-30

Abstract

ABSTRACT
Meristem tip culture is culture of isolated meristem with 1-2 leaf primordia on suitable medium. This method is generally used to obtain free virus plant. Optimation of plant growth regulators (PGRs) was done to accelerate explant growth without callus formation and to avoid somaclonal variation in meristem tip culture. The aims of this study were to achieve the best combination of PGR for meristem tip growth and to evaluate meristem tip culture potential for Onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV) elimination in shallot. This study used combination of PGRs 0.25 mg L-1 (2-ip, BAP, GA3, kinetin) with or without 0.1 mg L-1 IAA and medium without PGR. This research consisted of two experiments conducted separately. In experiment I, cv. Bima Brebes was used and experiment II cv. Tiron was used. Each experiment was arranged in completely randomized block design with single factor (PGR combination) that has 8 combination levels and 3 replications. The result showed that medium without PGR was the most efficient for meristem tip growth. Primary shoot was growing without callus formation. RT-PCR analysis showed that all of the tested samples were still infected by OYDV. Meristem tip culture method did not eliminate OYDV in both cultivars.
Keywords: Auxin, cytokinin, GA3, OYDV, RT-PCR

ABSTRAK
Kultur meristem tip merupakan kultur meristem yang diisolasi 1-2 primordia daun dan pada media yang sesuai. Metode ini umum digunakan untuk mendapatkan tanaman bebas virus. Optimasi terhadap zat pengatur tumbuh (ZPT) dilakukan untuk mempercepat pertumbuhan eksplan tanpa disertai pembentukan kalus untuk menghindari terjadinya variasi somaklonal pada kultur meristem tip. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan kombinasi ZPT terbaik bagi pertumbuhan meristem tip dan untuk mengevaluasi potensi kultur meristem tip dalam mengeliminasi virus Onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV) pada tanaman bawang merah. Penelitian ini menggunakan 0.25 mg L-1 (2-ip, BAP, GA3, kinetin) dengan penambahan atau tanpa 0.1 mg L-1 IAA serta media tanpa ZPT. Penelitian ini terdiri atas 2 percobaan terpisah. Percobaan 1 menggunakan cv. Bima Brebes dan Percobaan 2 menggunakan cv. Tiron. Masing-masing percobaan disusun berdasarkan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) dengan 1 faktor, yaitu kombinasi ZPT yang terdiri atas 8 taraf kombinasi dan 3 ulangan. Hasil yang didapat menunjukkan bahwa media tanpa penambahan ZPT
merupakan media yang paling efisien untuk pertumbuhan tunas meristem tip. Tunas utama tumbuh tanpa disertai pembentukan kalus. Hasil analisis RT-PCR menunjukkan bahwa seluruh sampel yang dideteksi masih terinfeksi OYDV. Metode kultur meristem tip belum dapat mengeliminasi virus OYDV pada kedua kultivar bawang merah.
Kata kunci: Auksin, GA3, OYDV, RT-PCR, sitokinin

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Published

2017-04-17

Issue

Vol. 8 No. 1 (2017): Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia

Section

Articles

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How to Cite

Eliminasi Onion yellow dwarf virus melalui Kultur Meristem Tip pada Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.). (2017). Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia (JHI), 8(1), 22-30. https://doi.org/10.29244/jhi.8.1.22-30