Pendugaan Parameter Genetik Vigor untuk Viabilitas dan Vigor Benih Cabai (Capsicum annuum L.) Menggunakan Analisis Setengah Dialel

Authors

  • Luluk Prihastuti Ekowahyuni
  • M. Syukur
  • Surjono H. Sutjahjo
  • M. R. Suhartanto

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29244/jhi.6.3.144-151

Abstract

ABSTRACT


The purpose of this study was to estimate the narrow sense heritability (h2ns), broad sense heritability (h2bs), heterosis, and heterobioltiosis, coefficient of genetic variances, coefficient of phenotypic variances, additive and dominant variances. Pepper population used in this study consisted of IPB C2, IPB C9, IPB C10, IPB C15 and half diallel hybrid. To estimate the effect of reciprocal IPB C10 x IPB C2 hybrid was used. Accelerated aging method was used to test the vigor using methanol 20% in five periods of time 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours. Observations consisted of: (1) germination rate, (2) the length of radicle, (3) the length of hypocotile, (4) dry weight of normal seedlings, (5) speed of growth, (6) electrical conductivity and (7) moisture content. Genetic parameters were estimated using affinity analysis. Reciprocal effect indicated that there was no maternal effect. Parents with high combining ability was IPB C15 and that with high specific combining ability was IPB C2 x IPB C5 and gave positive heterosis.

Key words: pepper, genetic coefficient, heterosis, seed vigor, specific combining ability

 

ABSTRAK


Penelitian ini bertujuan menduga nilai parameter genetik untuk viabilitas dan vigor benih cabai menggunakan metode persilangan setengah dialel untuk mendapatkan informasi nilai
heritabilitas, heterosis, koefisien keragaman genetik, varians aditif dan dominan, sehingga diharapkan dapat mendukung keberhasilan program pemuliaan yang mengkombinasikan karakter tanaman dengan viabilitas dan vigor benih yang baik. Empat genotipe tetua cabai yang digunakan adalah IPB C2, IPB C9, IPB C10, IPB C15, dan enam genotipe cabai hasil persilangan antar tetua adalah IPB C2 x IPB C9, IPB C2 x IPB C10, IPB C2 x IPB C15, IPB C9 x IPB C10, IPB C9 x IPB C15, IPB C10 x IPB C15. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak (RKLT). Pengamatan untuk pengujian vigor dan viabilitas dilakukan pada genotipe tetua dan persilangan dengan tolok ukur yaitu (1) daya berkecambah (2) panjang akar, (3) panjang hipokotil, (4) bobot kering kecambah (5) kadar air benih, (6) kecepatan tumbuh (Kct), dan (7) daya hantar listrik (DHL). Pengujian vigor daya simpan benih cabai pada genotipe tetua dan persilangan menggunakan metode pengusangan cepat methanol 20%. Setelah pengujian vigor daya simpan benih dilakukan analisis varian dan analisis regressi dan analisis statistik biometrik. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa genotipe cabai IPB C15 mempunyai nilai daya gabung umum yang tinggi untuk vigor daya simpan benih sehingga dapat dijadikan sebagai tetua untuk perakitan varietas F1 hibrida vigor daya simpan benih tinggi. Kombinasi persilangan tetua IPB C2 x IPB C15 menghasilkan benih yang memiliki vigor daya simpan benih tinggi.

Kata kunci : cabai, daya gabung khusus, heterosis, koefisien genetik, vigor benih

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Published

2015-12-14

Issue

Vol. 6 No. 3 (2015): Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia

Section

Articles

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How to Cite

Pendugaan Parameter Genetik Vigor untuk Viabilitas dan Vigor Benih Cabai (Capsicum annuum L.) Menggunakan Analisis Setengah Dialel. (2015). Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia (JHI), 6(3), 144-151. https://doi.org/10.29244/jhi.6.3.144-151