Uji Viabilitas dan Virulensi Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. zingiberi Isolat Boyolali dan Temanggung Setelah Disimpan Tujuh Belas Tahun dalam Tanah Steril
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14692/jfi.18.2.91-99Kata Kunci:
busuk rimpang, jahe, makrokonidium, masa inkubasi, mikrokonidiumAbstrak
Viabilitas dan Virulensi Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. zingiberi Asal Boyolali dan Temanggung Setelah Disimpan Tujuh Belas Tahun di Dalam Tanah Steril
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp zingiberi merupakan cendawan penyebab busuk rimpang pada jahe. Patogen ini dapat bertahan di tanah selama bertahun-tahun tanpa tanaman inang. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menguji viabilitas dan virulensi 21 galur F. oxysporum f. sp. zingiberi setelah disimpan tujuh belas tahun di dalam tanah steril. Variabel yang diamati adalah warna dan diameter koloni, bentuk makrokonidium dan mikrokonidium, waktu pertumbuhan, berat kering miselium, kepadatan konidium, masa inkubasi, luas serangan pada rimpang, selisih bobot basah rimpang, dan indeks sampah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua galur F. oxysporum f. sp. zingiberi asal Temanggung dan Boyolali yang disimpan di tanah steril selama 17 tahun mampu tumbuh baik pada medium PDA dan mengisi penuh cawan petri antara 11–36 hari. Selain itu, semua galur menyebabkan gejala penyakit pada rimpang jahe var. Gajah. Isolat dengan tingkat virulensi yang rendah ditandai oleh masa inkubasi yang panjang (6–12 hari setelah inokulasi) dan luas area rimpang terserang yang terkecil.
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