The morphology and the distribution of gut endocrine cells in the gastrointestinal tract of Indonesian native chicken were studied using Grimelius staining method. The endocrine cells were polymorph, round oval, triangular or pyramidal in shapes and scattered among the cells in the mucosal epitheli-um and glands of all portions of the gastrointestinal tract from stomach to rectum. These cells were characterized by the presence of basally located cytoplasmic granules that react positively with the silver granules of the staining method. Two types of endocrine cells were observed in this stu-dy included open type and closed type. In the open type cells cytoplasmic elongation reached the intestinal or glandular lumen. Closed type cells possessed no such elongation but there was cytoplasmic processes run in the basal membrane. Open cells were largely distributed in the intestine while closed type cells with basally cytoplasmic processes were numerous in the gizzard. In general the endocrine cells were numerous in the jejunum of the small intestine. In the distal portion of large intestine we found clusters of endo-crine cells in the glands. The morphology and distribution pattern observed was discussed in relation with their possible functional implications.
Three dimensional architecture of the sub epithelial connective tissue in the forestomach of the lesser mouse deer was studied by scanning electron microscopy after macerated with 10% NaOH. In general, the architecture of the connective tissue in the rumen and reticulum showed similar pattern, which was honeycomb like pattern. This pattern was observed in all portions of the forestomach. Primary wall bordered each cell of the honeycomb. Inside the cells there were some secondary or tertiary wall that connect to the primary ones. The primary wall in the rumen were leaflike shaped with narrow and irregular surface while those of the reticulum were low columnar shaped with convex surface. The honeycomb in the ruminal papillae showed similar pattern from the apical to the basal portion. On the contrary, cone-like primary wall without secondary or tertiary ones dominated the apical portion of the reticulum papillae. The sub epithelial connective tissue consisted of collagen fibers which were arranged and formed a network. The collagen fibers in the rumen were more densely distributed as compared to those of the reticulum. The differences observed may indicate a difference in function between the rumen and the reticulum in the digestive function of the lesser mouse deer.
Percobaan ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Biologi Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Brawijaya Malang dan Balai Inseminasi Buatan Singosari pada bulan Agustus sampai Desember 1998. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mencari metode pembekuan spermatozoa hasil seleksi jenis kelamin dengan menggunakan filtrasi sephadex G-200. Percobaan ini terdiri atas 10 kali ulangan dengan dua perlakuan yaitu krioprotektan ekstraseluler TCM- 199+ 10% serum+ 14% kuning telur dan tris aminomethan- kuning telur. Parameter yang diukur meliputi persentase motilitas, hidup, kapasitasi dan reaksi akrosom. Media TCM-199 kuning telur lebih dapat mempertahankan mutu semen dibandingkan dengan tris aminomethan kuning telur, dan proses pembekuan meningkatkan kapasitasi dan reaksi akrosom.
