Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy)

Agronomic and metabolite profile of Cymbopogon citratus utilizing the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) bioconverted compost

2024-12-18T14:55:42+07:00

The black soldier fly (BSF) maggot, a bioconversion agent for organic waste, can generate stable materials like compost. Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus), recognized for its numerous health benefits, is the subject of this research. The primary objective of this study was to assess the impact of applying BSF maggot bioconversion compost on the bioactive compound profile in the ethanol extract of lemongrass plants. Lemongrass cultivation was conducted in Sindangjaya Village, Cipanas, West Java, Indonesia, employing a randomized complete block design with a single factor. The single factor was the type of fertilizer, namely: control (P1), organic manure fertilizer (P2), and maggot fertilizer (P3). The introduction of BSF maggot bioconversion compost to the growth medium significantly affected the plant height (at 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 weeks after planting) and wet weight (including stems, leaves, roots, and shoots). Ethanol extraction and identification with LCMS/MS (Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry) instruments revealed 48 compounds. Each treatment group (P1, P2, and P3) contained 37, 30, and 35 compounds, respectively. These compounds consisted of various groups, including amino acids, terpenoids, alkaloids, quinolines, carbohydrates, methoxyphenol, benzodioxole, diphenylmethane, and steroids.

Keywords: bioactive; BSF frass; extraction; lemongrass

Effect of growing media on the growth of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni) tip cuttings

2024-12-18T14:55:43+07:00

Stevia is 200-300 times sweeter than sucrose but low in calories, making it a safe alternative for individuals with diabetes or obesity. The utilization of stevia has the potential to reduce reliance on sugar imports. This research aimed to investigate the influence of different growing media on the growth of stevia tip cuttings. This study was conducted from August to December 2023 in Cidokom Village, Cisarua District, Bogor Regency, West Java. The method used was experimental research using a completely randomized design (CRD) with a single factor, which was the composition of the growing media. Six types of growing media were used. The research results showed significant differences among the treatment groups of growing media on various growth parameters of stevia tip cuttings. Stevia tip cuttings planted in soil and manure media showed the best results in cutting height (28.8 ± 2.82 cm) 42 days after planting. Meanwhile, the combination of solid waste agar, sand, mycorrhiza, burnt rice husks, and cocopeat media resulted in the highest number of leaves (22.20 ± 3.20 leaves) and total fresh weight of stevia tip cuttings, around 1.98 ± 0.33 g at 42 days after planting.

Keywords: mycorrhiza; planting media; vegetative growth

Optimizing the production of true shallot seed by inducing flowering in various shallot genotypes

2024-12-18T14:55:44+07:00

Shallot (Allium cepa var. aggregatum) productivity can be enhanced through various methods, including using true shallot seed (TSS). Successful shallot breeding requires flowering to improve traits through gene transfer between genotypes and to produce TSS. However, one of the primary challenges in TSS production is the variability in the flowering ability of different varieties. This study aimed to examine the impact of flowering induction on flowering traits, pollen viability, and TSS production in several shallot genotypes. The study employed a randomized complete block design with two factors: shallot genotypes and induction treatments. The study found that vernalization treatment significantly increased the percentage of flowering plants in the Bauji, Bima Brebes, and Tajuk genotypes. Additionally, the combination of vernalization (V) and gibberellin (GA₃) (V+G) successfully induced flowering in the Maja Cipanas genotype compared to the control. The Bima Brebes genotype exhibited the highest pollen viability following both vernalization and V+G treatment. Furthermore, vernalization also led to an increase in TSS weight in shallots. These findings suggest that vernalization could be an effective strategy for enhancing TSS production in highland areas, thereby supporting the development of high-yielding shallot varieties. Significant positive correlations were observed between TSS weight and several traits, including the percentage of flowering plants, umbel number, umbel diameter, flower number, pollen viability, percentage of plants producing TSS, capsule number, and TSS number.

Keywords: Allium cepa; correlation; gibberellin; varieties; vernalization