Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian

The Influence of Soil Bearing Capacity on The Application of Agricultural Machinery in Kulon Progo

2025-02-13T08:49:44+07:00

A critical factor in the enhancement of agricultural productivity is the utilization of agricultural tools and machinery. The challenges posed by reduced labor, narrow rice fields, and deep surface soil layers create significant difficulties for such equipment. Soil penetration resistance refers to the capacity of soil to resist the loads applied to it. The pressure exerted on the soil by agricultural machinery and tools hinders their effective functioning. The present study has been designed to determine the influence of soil evaporation resistance value on the type of agricultural machinery that can be applied. The measurement of soil carrying capacity value is measured in 3 land categories. The analysis was carried out by comparing the value of soil penetration resistance with the tractor's trafficability index. This research was conducted from February to July 2024, and the measured penetration resistance in the sample land was found to be in the range of 0.55–0.90 at a depth of 10 cm and 0.82–1.14 at a depth of 15 cm. A comparison of the penetration resistance values with the trafficability index, which delineates the operational parameters for agricultural machinery, revealed that four-wheel tractors and combine harvesters would be unable to operate on the sample land. The application of these machines would result in subsidence levels of more than 15 cm for category 1 and 2 and more than 20 cm for category 3.

Effect of Pulsed-Spray Time Variations with Water Coolant in Cooling Media on Solar Panel Efficiency and Temperature

2025-02-13T08:50:14+07:00

Solar panel technology enables the conversion of sunlight into electrical energy. However, some problems can arise with the performance of solar panels, for example, increasing the temperature of the solar panels beyond their working limits. Increasing temperatures will reduce the performance of solar panels. So, it is essential to maintain the temperature of the solar panels so that their performance remains optimal. This research was conducted to determine the effect of delayed timing of the back and front surfaces of spray cooling on average temperature, output power, and solar panel energy optimization. This experimental test can reduce the temperature of solar panels at a spray delay time of 10 minutes to 58.95°C, at a spray delay time of 20 minutes to 70.78°C, and at a spray delay time of 30 minutes to 78.63 °C. The cooling method is carried out for 1 minute with varying spray delay times of 10, 20, and 30 min. Through this test, the total energy value is also obtained. Suppose the spray delay time is 10, 20 and 30 min, respectively, 5.60 x 10^-3 kWh (20150.78 Joules), 5.27 x 10^-3 kWh (1897.,11 Joules) and 5.11 x 10^-3 kWh (18383.68 Joules). The conclusion from the research that has been carried out is that the most optimal delay time is a delay time of 10 minutes with an average temperature of 58.95°C, and the best energy optimization is with a total energy of 20150.78 Joules or 5.27 x 10^-3 kWh.

Adaptive-Historical Energy-Efficient Temperature Control for Tropical Greenhouses

2025-02-13T08:49:20+07:00

Maintaining an optimal microclimate is essential for efficient operation of tropical greenhouses, particularly under fluctuating weather conditions. This study proposes an adaptive energy-efficient model for regulating air temperature in tropical greenhouses using historical climate data. The model optimizes the fan rotation speeds via an inverter to meet the temperature targets while minimizing energy consumption. Key methodologies include climate data analysis, development of a predictive model for indoor air temperature using Artificial Neural Networks, and optimization of fan speed control. The model achieved high predictive accuracy, with an RMSE of 0,02 and an R² of 0,96. The practical implementation demonstrated effective temperature control, with fan speeds ranging between 30 and 40 Hz during cloudy periods and 50 Hz in sunny conditions. Notably, the system reduced electricity consumption by 33,93% during cloudy weather and 18,54% in sunny weather, showing its potential for significant energy savings. This data-driven adaptive model approach is highly suited for tropical greenhouses experiencing dynamic climatic variations and offers a sustainable and efficient solution for greenhouse microclimate management.

Design of Microclimate Monitoring and Graphical Interface System for Indoor Vertical Hydroponic Based on User-Centered Design Technique

2025-02-13T08:48:51+07:00

Monitoring microclimate conditions, including temperature, humidity, and light intensity, is crucial for maintaining plant health and productivity in vertical indoor hydroponic systems. These conditions directly influence essential physiological processes such as photosynthesis and respiration, affecting growth and yield quality. Manual monitoring methods often suffer from inefficiencies such as slow data collection, operator dependency, and human error. This can delay responses to sudden microclimate changes, leading to plant stress and reduced productivity. This study aims to design a real-time microclimate monitoring and graphical interface system for indoor vertical hydroponics using a User-Centered Design (UCD) approach. The system integrates DHT11 and BH1750 sensors to measure temperature, humidity, and light intensity, respectively, with data processing performed using a Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+. The system performance was evaluated over 24 h using the root mean square error (RMSE) and accuracy metrics. Based on this analysis, the RMSE values for temperature, humidity, and light intensity were 2.398, 1.483, and 392.225, respectively, with an overall accuracy of 97.33%, demonstrating high reliability. Two interface prototypes, Design A and Design B, were developed using distinct visual approaches and evaluated by ten respondents across six criteria: appearance, color, layout, information, icon, and font. Design A outperformed Design B, achieving a higher average score (49 versus 43.4), reflecting its superior clarity and intuitive design. These findings highlight the potential of the proposed system to enhance microclimate management and optimize plant growth in indoor vertical hydroponics.

Design and Build Water Quality Monitoring System and Weather Station Based on Industrial Sensors with Modbus RS485 Protocol

2025-02-13T14:40:09+07:00

River water quality is typically monitored using sampling methods. This approach makes detecting water pollution challenging owing to the limited sampling time. Another factor influencing water quality is weather, which can be addressed by incorporating weather station sensors as corrective tools. The collected data were processed and visually displayed to make the important information easily interpretable. The water quality parameters measured in this study included Electrical Conductivity (EC), temperature, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), salinity, pH, turbidity, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), and saturation. The weather parameters measured by the system included wind speed, wind direction, air temperature and humidity, atmospheric pressure, rainfall, and solar radiation. The system's capabilities include data transmission via cellular networks, data backup using an SD card, and industrial sensors with IP (Ingress Protection) standards that utilize the Modbus RS485 protocol. The study followed the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) or waterfall method to ensure system readiness and durability in real-world environments. The Modbus RS485 protocol allows multiple sensors to share a single cable line, resulting in a more efficient and less complex wire arrangement. These findings highlight the necessity of separating sensor lines based on parity type and baud rate for each sensor, enabling simultaneous readings in subsequent operations.