Kajian Rekayasa Proses Penggorengan Hampa dan Kelayakan Usaha Produksi Keripik Pisang
Abstract
Abstract
Vacuum frying is a new technology that can be used to improve quality attributes of fried food because of low temperatures process. The objectives of this study is to assess the effects of oil temperatures and exposure time of frying on physic-chemical and organoleptic properties of banana chips to get a better guality products, to determine packaging material that can extend shelf life of banana chips, to predict shelf life of banana chips using the method of acceleration and to calculate production costs and the business feasibility of vacuum fried banana chips. The quality parameters tested include water content, fat content, colour, thickness and organoleptic test. Banana chips were fried in oils with temperature of 60, 70, 80, and 90°C and time of frying 30, 45, 60 and 75 minutes. The result showed that the temperature and frying time is significantly influence the quality and characteristics of the products. The best quality of banana chips obtained at frying temperature of 80°C for 60 minutes. Aluminum foil can maintain the shelf life of banana chips for 115 days of storage, while the PP is only for 70.6 days of storage based on water content parameter. Banana chips business eligible to run if production capacity is 4 kg or more.
Keywords: banana, vacuum fryer, self life, the feasibility
Abstrak
Penggorengan vakum adalah sebuah teknologi baru yang dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan kualitas makanan gorengan (keripik) dengan proses suhu rendah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji pengaruh suhu minyak dan waktu penggorengan terhadap sifat fisiko-kimia dan organoleptik keripik pisang sehingga didapatkan produk dengan kualitas terbaik, menentukan jenis kemasan yang dapat memperpanjang umur simpan keripik pisang, untuk menduga umur simpan keripik pisang dengan menggunakan metode akselerasi dan menghitung biaya produksi dan kelayakan usaha keripik pisang dengan penggorengan vakum. Parameter kualitas yang diuji meliputi kadar air, kadar lemak, warna, ketebalan dan uji organoleptik. Keripik pisang digoreng dalam minyak dengan suhu 60, 70 80, dan 90 ° C dan waktu penggorengan 30, 45, 60 dan 75 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suhu dan waktu penggorengan secara signifikan mempengaruhi kualitas dan karakteristik produk. Kualitas terbaik dari keripik pisang diperoleh pada suhu penggorengan 80 ˚ C selama 60 menit. Aluminium foil dapat mempertahankan umur simpan keripik pisang selama 115 hari penyimpanan, sedangkan PP hanya 70,6 hari penyimpanan berdasarkan parameter kadar air. Bisnis keripik pisang memenuhi syarat untuk dijalankan jika kapasitas produksinya 4 kg atau lebih.
Kata Kunci: Pisang, penggorengan vakum, umur simpan, kelayakan usaha
Diterima: 27 Mei 2011 ; Disetujui: 16 September 2011
Authors
Authors submitting manuscripts should understand and agree that copyright of manuscripts of the article shall be assigned/transferred to Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-SA) where Authors and Readers can copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format, as well as remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, but they must give appropriate credit (cite to the article or content), provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.