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Mar 12, 2019
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Mar 12, 2019
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Abstract

Abstract
Application of ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) is widely used to extract active compounds of certain product due to its lower energy consumption and shorter operating times than conventional method. However, proper configuration of UAE in improving extraction efficiency in spices, particularly nutmeg, remains unknown. Therefore, the aim of this research is to study the effect of particle size and amplitudes of UAE on the oleoresin extraction effectiveness in nutmeg. Experiments were carried out under the following conditions: the mass ratio of dry meat nutmeg to solvent of 1:5, therespective particle size of the material 20, 40, and 60 mesh and the ultrasonic amplitudo were 20 and 40% with extraction time 30 minutes. Maceration method at 350C for 7 hour was used as control. The result shows that particle size had a significant effect on yield of oleoresin, while the amplitude had no effect. The best UAE configuration based on the highest yield (31.33%) was held on 60 mesh by amplitude of 40%. The application of UAE can improve oleoresin extraction efficiency in nutmeg by increasing yield and shorten extraction time.

Abstrak
Aplikasi ekstraksi berbantukan ultrasonik (UAE) banyak digunakan untuk mengekstrak senyawa aktifproduk tertentu karena konsumsi energinya lebih rendah dan waktu operasi yang lebih singkat dari pada metode konvensional. Namun, konfigurasi yang tepat dari UAE dalam meningkatkan efektivitas ekstraksi
dalam rempah-rempah, terutama pala, belum diketahui. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari pengaruh ukuran partikel dan amplitudo UAE terhadap efektivitas ekstraksi oleoresin pada pala. Penelitian dilakukan dengan kondisi sebagai berikut: rasio bahan dan pelarut yaitu 1:5, ukuran
bahan 20, 40, dan 60 mesh dan amplitudo ultrasonik adalah 20% dan 40% dengan waktu ekstraksi 30 menit. Metoda Maserasi pada suhu 350C selama 7 jam digunakan sebagai kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ukuran partikel berpengaruh nyata terhadap hasil oleoresin, sedangkan amplitudo tidak berpengaruh. Konfigurasi UAE terbaik berdasarkan hasil tertinggi (31.33%) dilakukan pada 60 mesh dengan amplitudo 40%. Penerapan UAE dapat meningkatkan efisiensi ekstraksi oleoresin pada pala dengan meningkatkan rendemen dan mempersingkat waktu ekstraksi.

Keywords

UAE ultrasonic nutmeg oleoresin

Article Details

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Author Biographies

Baihaqi Baihaqi, Institut Pertanian Bogor

Program Studi Teknologi Pascapanen, Departemen Teknik Mesin dan Biosistem. Institut Pertanian Bogor

I Wayan Budiastra, Institut Pertanian Bogor

Program Studi Teknologi Pascapanen, Departemen Teknik Mesin dan Biosistem. Institut Pertanian Bogor

Sedarnawati Yasni, Institut Pertanian Bogor.

Ilmu Pangan, Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan, Institut Pertanian Bogor.

Emmy Darmawati, Institut Pertanian Bogor

Program Studi Teknologi Pascapanen, Departemen Teknik Mesin dan Biosistem. Institut Pertanian Bogor

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