Pengaruh Beberapa Kemasan Plastik Terhadap Kualitas Benih Kedelai Selama Penyimpanan
Abstract
Abstract
Soybean seed var. Argomulyo has been processed and dried to < 10% moisture content. Seeds were stored in 3 different kinds of plastic packaging ie. HDPE, hermetic plastic and vacuum plastic for a period of 6 months at room temperature. The research aims to determine the best type of plastic packaging for soybean seed. The experimental design was arranged in RBD consisting of 2 block and 1 factor; different engine rotation n speed (rpm) threshing and packaging material. Sample was carried out every month until 6 months of storage. The following analyses were carried out: moisture content, germination, damaged grains, additional weight and free fatty acid (FFA). Result show that kinds of packaging significantly affect moisture content and additional weights. It was found that seed moisture contentin HDPE packaging was increase and showed positive correlation with additional weight. Engine rotation speed (rpm) threshing was significantly affect damaged grains that high rpm showed positively corelation with increasing damaged grain. Percent of FFA < 0.4% untill 6 months of storage. From this research, soybean seed was stored in hermetic plastic observed have the ability to maintain moisture content and hold up additional weight followed by vacuum plastic and HDPE. Soybean seed were stored in HDPE, hermetic plastic and vacuum plastic have percent of germination ≥70% after 6 months stored and moisture content < 10%.
Abstrak
Benih kedelai varietas Argomulyo telah diproses dan dikeringkan hingga kadar air < 10%. Benih disimpan dalam tiga jenis kemasan plastik yaitu HDPE, plastik hermetic, dan plastik vakum selam 6 bulan dalam gudang dengan suhu ruang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan tipe kemasan terbaik untuk pengemasan benih kedelai. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah rancangan acak kelompok satu faktor; yang terdiri dari perbedaan kecepatan putaran mesin (rpm) perontok sebagai
kelompok dan bahan kemasan sebagai faktor. Sampel diamati setiap bulan hingga penyimpanan bulan ke 6. Analisis yang diamati adalah kadar air, daya kecambah, butir rusak, penambahan bobot dan kadar asam lemak bebas (FFA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jenis kemasan berpengaruh nyata terhadap kadar air dan penambahan bobot selama penyimpanan. Kadar air benih pada kemasan HDPE meningkat
selama penyimpanan dan berkorelasi positif dengan penambahan bobot. Kecepatan putaran mesin (rpm) perontokan berpengaruh nyata terhadap butir rusak, dimana rpm tinggi memiliki korelasi positif dengan peningkatan butir rusak. Kadar FFA < 0.4% hingga penyimpanan bulan ke enam. Berdasarkan penelitian diketahui bahwa kemasan plastik hermetik memiliki kemampuan paling baik untuk mempertahankan kadar air dan menghambat penambahan bobot benih kedelai yang disimpan, yang diikuti oleh kemasan plastik vakum dan HDPE. Benih kedelai yang disimpan pada plastik HDPE, plastik hermetik dan plastik vakum memiliki daya kecambah ≥70% hingga penyimpanan 6 bulan dan kadar air < 10%.
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