The Dynamics of Spatial Utilization and Tenurial Conflict in Conservation Area of Moyo Island, West Nusa Tenggara
Abstract
Much has been studied about the agrarian issues and its conflicts in Indonesia, but few of them have been explored in the context of small islands designated as a conservation areas. To fill the gap, this paper aims to analyze the dynamics of spatial utilization and tenurial conflict in the conservation area of Moyo Island, West Nusa Tenggara. Based on qualitative methods, the data was gathered through observation, in-depth interviews with 20 key informants, and secondary sources. This study reveals that spatial utilization practices on Moyo Island are problematic which has triggered a conflict as consequence. Forest areas have been openly and collectively encroached on by the local community to become agricultural land due to a lack of control by the local government as the authority. Meanwhile, extensive fishing practices and tourism activities are threatening the long-term viability of coral reefs in coastal areas. These difficulties are also intertwined with tenurial conflicts between local communities and Nature Conservation Agency of West Nusa Tenggara regarding land boundaries as well as the problem among local people and the private sector purchasing and selling property under the table. All in all, this study offers policy recommendations to resolve those problems on conservation area of Moyo Island.
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Anugrah, G. (2020). The Power of Exclusion in Agrarian Conflict of Bangko-Bangko National Natural Park , West Lombok. 25(2), 213–231. https://doi.org/10.7454/M
Budilestari, N., Hutomo, M., & Ardiwidjaja, R. (2014). Permasalahan Lingkungan di Sempadan Pantai Taman Wisata Perairan Gili Trawangan, Nusa Tenggara Barat. Jurnal Kepariwisataan, 9(1), 91–107.
Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (fourth edi). SAGE Publications Inc.
Dhiaulhaq, A., & McCarthy, J. F. (2020). Indigenous Rights and Agrarian Justice Framings in Forest Land Conflicts in Indonesia. Asia Pacific Journal of Anthropology, 21(1), 34–54. https://doi.org/10.1080/14442213.2019.1670243
Fringka, Y. (2017). Resistensi Berbasis Adat: Perlawanan Masyarakat Nagari III Koto, Tanah Datar, Sumatera Barat, terhadap Rencana Tambang Bukit Batubasi. MASYARAKAT: Jurnal Sosiologi, 21(2), 205–231. https://doi.org/10.7454/mjs.v21i2.4670
Hadiz, V. R. (2010). Localising Power in Post-Authoritarian Indonesia: A South Asia Perspective. Standford University Press.
Hall, D., Hirsch, P., & Li, T. M. (2011). Powers of Exclusion: Land Dilemmas in Southeast Asia. NUS Press.
Kinseng, R. A., Nasdian, F. T., Fatchiya, A., Mahmud, A., & Stanford, R. J. (2018). Marine-tourism development on a small island in Indonesia: blessing or curse? Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 23(11), 1062–1072. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2018.1515781
KPA. (2020). Catatan Akhir Tahun 2019 Konsorsium Pembaruan Agraria (Dari Aceh Sampai Papua: Urgensi Penyelesaian Konflik Struktural dan Jalan Pembaruan Agraria ke Depan).
Kriesberg, L., & Dayton, B. W. (2012). Constructive Conflicts: From Escalation to Resolution (fourth edi). Rowman & Littlefield Publisher, inc.
Kurniawan, F., Adrianto, L., Bengen, D. G., & Prasetyo, L. B. (2016). Vulnerability assessment of small islands to tourism: The case of the Marine Tourism Park of the Gili Matra Islands, Indonesia. Global Ecology and Conservation, 6, 308–326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2016.04.001
McElroy, J. L. (2006). Small island tourist economies across the life cycle. Asia Pacific Viewpoint, 47(1), 61–77. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8373.2006.00303.x
Mutolib, A., Yonariza, Mahdi, & Ismono, H. (2017). Forest ownership conflict between a local community and the state: A case study in Dharmasraya, Indonesia. Journal of Tropical Forest Science, 29(2), 163–171.
Muur, W. van der. (2018). Forest conflicts and the informal nature of realizing indigenous land rights in Indonesia. Citizenship Studies, 22(2), 160–174. https://doi.org/10.1080/13621025.2018.1445495
Novenanto, A. (2015). Manusia dan Tanah: Kehilangan dan Kompensasi dalam Kasus Lapindo. BHUMI Jurnal Agraria Dan Pertanahan, 1(1), 1–11.
Peluso, N. L., Afiff, S., & Rachman, N. F. (2012). Membuat Alasan dan Alas yang Sama demi Reformasi: Gerakan-Gerakan Agraria dan Lingkungan di Indonesia. Wacana: Jurnal Transformasi Sosial, 28, 13–56.
Peluso, N. L., & Ribot, J. (2020). Postscript: A Theory of Access Revisited. Society and Natural Resources, 33(2), 300–306. https://doi.org/10.1080/08941920.2019.1709929
Prayogo, D. (2007). Konflik antara Korporasi dengan Komunitas Lokal: Studi Kasus pada Industri Geotermal di Kecamatan Pengalengan Kabupaten Bandung Jawa Barat. Universsitas Indonesia.
Rachmawan, D. (2016). Pola Eskalasi Konflik Pembangunan Infrastruktur: Studi Kasus Pembangunan Waduk Jatigede Kabupaten Sumedang. MASYARAKAT: Jurnal Sosiologi, 20(2), 193–211. https://doi.org/10.7454/mjs.v20i2.4618
Ribot, J., & Peluso, N. (2003). A theory of access. Rural Sociology, 68(2), 153–181.
Riggs, R. A., Sayer, J., Margules, C., Boedhihartono, A. K., Langston, J. D., & Sutanto, H. (2016). Forest tenure and conflict in Indonesia: Contested rights in Rempek Village, Lombok. Land Use Policy, 57, 241–249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2016.06.002
Safitri, M. A., Muhshi, M. A., Muhajir, M., Mary, S. R., Widawati, E., Berliani, H., Moniaga, S., Andiko, Nagara, G., Sirait, M., Arizona, Y., & Shohibuddin, M. (2011). Menuju Kepastian dan Keadilan Tenurial.
Syafi, I. (2016). Konflik Agraria Di Indonesia : Catatan Reflektif Konflik Perkebunan Sawit Di Kotawaringin Timur [Agrarian Conflict in Indonesia : a Reflection of Palm Oil Plantation Conflict in East Kotawaringin]. Jurnal Masyarakat Dan Budaya, 18(3), 415–432. https://jmb.lipi.go.id/index.php/jmb/article/view/572
White, B. (2017). UU nomor 6 tahun 2014 tentang desa: Pertarungan Visi dan Wacana dalam Penelitian dan Kebijakan. Wacana: Jurnal Transformasi Sosial, 36, 15–28.
Yasmi, Y., Guernier, J., & Colfer, C. J. P. (2009). Positive and negative aspects of forestry conflict: Lessons from a decentralized forest management in Indonesia. International Forestry Review, 11(1), 98–110. https://doi.org/10.1505/ifor.11.1.98
Yusuf, M., & Syafrial. (2019). A Big Battle : The State vs . Indigenous People (Case Study in Jambi Province). Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Ilmu Politik, 23(1), 59–71. https://doi.org/10.22146/jsp.37568
Authors
Markum, Rosiady H. Sayuti, Sitti Hilyana and Galang Anugrah (2022) “The Dynamics of Spatial Utilization and Tenurial Conflict in Conservation Area of Moyo Island, West Nusa Tenggara”, Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management). Bogor, ID, 12(3), pp. 445-455. doi: 10.29244/jpsl.12.3.445-455.
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